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Zhu H, Wang L, Li X, Shi J, Scanlon M, Xue S, Nosworthy M, Vafaei N. Canola Seed Protein: Pretreatment, Extraction, Structure, Physicochemical and Functional Characteristics. Foods 2024; 13:1357. [PMID: 38731728 PMCID: PMC11083811 DOI: 10.3390/foods13091357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of the global population has led to an unprecedented demand for dietary protein. Canola seeds, being a widely utilized oil resource, generate substantial meal by-products following oil extraction. Fortunately, canola meals are rich in protein. In this present review, foremost attention is directed towards summarizing the characteristics of canola seed and canola seed protein. Afterwards, points of discussion related to pretreatment include an introduction to pulsed electric field treatment (PEF), microwave treatment (MC), and ultrasound treatment (UL). Then, the extraction method is illustrated, including alkaline extraction, isoelectric precipitation, acid precipitation, micellization (salt extraction), and dry fractionation and tribo-electrostatic separation. Finally, the structural complexity, physicochemical properties, and functional capabilities of rapeseed seeds, as well as the profound impact of various applications of rapeseed proteins, are elaborated. Through a narrative review of recent research findings, this paper aims to enhance a comprehensive understanding of the potential of canola seed protein as a valuable nutritional supplement, highlighting the pivotal role played by various extraction methods. Additionally, it sheds light on the broad spectrum of applications where canola protein demonstrates its versatility and indispensability as a resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huipeng Zhu
- Nano-Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China (L.W.)
| | - Lu Wang
- Nano-Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China (L.W.)
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Nano-Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China (L.W.)
- Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada; (S.X.)
| | - John Shi
- Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada; (S.X.)
| | - Martin Scanlon
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Sophia Xue
- Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada; (S.X.)
| | - Matthew Nosworthy
- Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada; (S.X.)
| | - Nazanin Vafaei
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Axentii M, Codină GG. Exploring the Nutritional Potential and Functionality of Hemp and Rapeseed Proteins: A Review on Unveiling Anti-Nutritional Factors, Bioactive Compounds, and Functional Attributes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1195. [PMID: 38732410 PMCID: PMC11085551 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Plant-based proteins, like those derived from hemp and rapeseed can contribute significantly to a balanced diet and meet human daily nutritional requirements by providing essential nutrients such as protein, fiber, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. According to numerous recent research papers, the consumption of plant-based proteins has been associated with numerous health benefits, including a reduced risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. Plant-based diets are often lower in saturated fat and cholesterol and higher in fiber and phytonutrients, which can support overall health and well-being. Present research investigates the nutritional attributes, functional properties, and potential food applications of hemp and rapeseed protein for a potential use in new food-product development, with a certain focus on identifying anti-nutritional factors and bioactive compounds. Through comprehensive analysis, anti-nutritional factors and bioactive compounds were elucidated, shedding light on their impact on protein quality and digestibility. The study also delves into the functional properties of hemp and rapeseed protein, unveiling their versatility in various food applications. Insights from this research contribute to a deeper understanding of the nutritional value and functional potential of hemp and rapeseed protein, paving the way for their further utilization in innovative food products with enhanced nutritional value and notable health benefits.
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Zhou B, Ran H, Zhang Q, Chen H, Han F, Xu C, Zhao Q. Unveiling the Impact of Rapeseed Meal on Feeding Behavior and Anorexigenic Endocrine in Litopenaeus vannamei. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:540. [PMID: 38396508 PMCID: PMC10886117 DOI: 10.3390/ani14040540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Litopenaeus vannamei, with high plant protein acceptance and high global aquaculture production, is a potential species for rapeseed meal application. However, rapeseed meal has been associated with anorexia in fish, and whether the same occurs in L. vannamei remains unknown. This study demonstrated the effects of rapeseed meal on the feeding and anorexigenic endocrine of L. vannamei based on feeding behavior and transcriptomics. Soybean meal was replaced with fermented rapeseed meal (50%), and a significant increase in remaining diet and dietary discard was observed with a significant reduction in dietary visits. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the pathways involved in rapeseed meal-induced anorexia mainly included signal transduction, the digestive system, the sensory system, the endocrine system, phototransduction-fly, the thyroid hormone signaling pathway and pancreatic secretion. Moreover, this study further analyzed and identified seven neuropeptides involved in rapeseed meal-induced anorexia, and it explored the complex expression regulation strategies of these neuropeptides. In summary, this study confirmed through feeding behavior that rapeseed meal causes anorexia in L. vannamei, and it identified seven neuropeptides that were closely related to the anorexia process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- Fisheries Research Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yibin 644000, China;
| | - Hongmei Ran
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China (F.H.); (C.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qijun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China (F.H.); (C.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Hu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China (F.H.); (C.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Fenglu Han
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China (F.H.); (C.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Chang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China (F.H.); (C.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China (F.H.); (C.X.); (Q.Z.)
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Banerjee S, Mukherjee A, Kundu A. The current scenario and future perspectives of transgenic oilseed mustard by CRISPR-Cas9. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:7705-7728. [PMID: 37432544 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08660-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Production of a designer crop having added attributes is the primary goal of all plant biotechnologists. Specifically, development of a crop with a simple biotechnological approach and at a rapid pace is most desirable. Genetic engineering enables us to displace genes among species. The newly incorporated foreign gene(s) in the host genome can create a new trait(s) by regulating the genotypes and/or phenotypes. The advent of the CRISPR-Cas9 tools has enabled the modification of a plant genome easily by introducing mutation or replacing genomic fragment. Oilseed mustard varieties (e.g., Brassica juncea, Brassica nigra, Brassica napus, and Brassica carinata) are one such plants, which have been transformed with different genes isolated from the wide range of species. Current reports proved that the yield and value of oilseed mustard has been tremendously improved by the introduction of stably inherited new traits such as insect and herbicide resistance. However, the genetic transformation of oilseed mustard remains incompetent due to lack of potential plant transformation systems. To solve numerous complications involved in genetically modified oilseed mustard crop varieties regeneration procedures, scientific research is being conducted to rectify the unwanted complications. Thus, this study provides a broader overview of the present status of new traits introduced in each mentioned varieties of oilseed mustard plant by different genetical engineering tools, especially CRISPR-Cas9, which will be useful to improve the transformation system of oilseed mustard crop plants. METHODS This review presents recent improvements made in oilseed mustard genetic engineering methodologies by using CRISPR-Cas9 tools, present status of new traits introduced in oilseed mustard plant varieties. RESULTS The review highlighted that the transgenic oilseed mustard production is a challenging process and the transgenic varieties of oilseed mustard provide a powerful tool for enhanced mustard yield. Over expression studies and silencing of desired genes provide functional importance of genes involved in mustard growth and development under different biotic and abiotic stress conditions. Thus, it can be expected that in near future CRISPR can contribute enormously in improving the mustard plant's architecture and develop stress resilient oilseed mustard plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Banerjee
- Department of Microbiology, Techno India University, EM-4, Sector-V, Saltlake City, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700091, India
| | - Ananya Mukherjee
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, WB, 700091, India
| | - Atreyee Kundu
- Department of Microbiology, Techno India University, EM-4, Sector-V, Saltlake City, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700091, India.
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Chen J, Wan H, Zhu W, Dai X, Yu Y, Zeng C. Identification and Expression Analysis of the Isopentenyl Transferase (IPT) Gene Family under Lack of Nitrogen Stress in Oilseed ( Brassica napus L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112166. [PMID: 37299144 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BnIPT gene family members in Brassica napus and analyzing their expression under different exogenous hormones and abiotic stress treatments to provide a theoretical basis for clarifying their functions and molecular genetic mechanisms in nitrogen deficiency stress tolerance of B. napus. Using the Arabidopsis IPT protein as the seed sequence, combined with the IPT protein domain PF01715, 26 members of the BnIPT gene family were identified from the whole genome of the rape variety ZS11. Additionally, the physicochemical properties and structures, phylogenetic relationships, synteny relationships, protein-protein interaction network, and gene ontology enrichment were analyzed. Based on transcriptome data, the expression patterns of the BnIPT gene under different exogenous hormone and abiotic stress treatments were analyzed. We used the qPCR method to identify the relative expression level of BnIPT genes that may be related to the stress resistance of rapeseed in transcriptome analysis under normal nitrogen (N: 6 mmol·L-1) and nitrogen deficiency (N: 0) conditions and analyzed its effect on rapeseed under nitrogen deficiency stress role in tolerance. In response to nitrogen deficiency signals, the BnIPT gene showed a trend of up-regulation in shoots and down-regulation in roots, indicating that it may affect the process of nitrogen transport and redistribution to enhance the stress resistance of rapeseed to respond to the nitrogen deficiency stress. This study provides a theoretical basis for clarifying the function and molecular genetic mechanism of the BnIPT gene family in nitrogen deficiency stress tolerance in rape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingdong Chen
- College of Life Science, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Heping Wan
- College of Life Science, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Wenhui Zhu
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xigang Dai
- College of Life Science, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yi Yu
- College of Life Science, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Changli Zeng
- College of Life Science, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
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Liu X, Wei R, Tian M, Liu J, Ruan Y, Sun C, Liu C. Combined Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiling Provide Insights into Cold Responses in Rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.) Genotypes with Contrasting Cold-Stress Sensitivity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13546. [PMID: 36362332 PMCID: PMC9657917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Low temperature is a major environmental factor, which limits rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) growth, development, and productivity. So far, the physiological and molecular mechanisms of rapeseed responses to cold stress are not fully understood. Here, we explored the transcriptome and metabolome profiles of two rapeseed genotypes with contrasting cold responses, i.e., XY15 (cold-sensitive) and GX74 (cold-tolerant). The global metabolome profiling detected 545 metabolites in siliques of both genotypes before (CK) and after cold-stress treatment (LW). The contents of several sugar metabolites were affected by cold stress with the most accumulated saccharides being 3-dehydro-L-threonic acid, D-xylonic acid, inositol, D-mannose, D-fructose, D-glucose, and L-glucose. A total of 1943 and 5239 differentially expressed genes were identified from the transcriptome sequencing in XY15CK_vs_XY15LW and GX74CK_vs_GX74LW, respectively. We observed that genes enriched in sugar metabolism and biosynthesis-related pathways, photosynthesis, reactive oxygen species scavenging, phytohormone, and MAPK signaling were highly expressed in GX74LW. In addition, several genes associated with cold-tolerance-related pathways, e.g., the CBF-COR pathway and MAPK signaling, were specifically expressed in GX74LW. Contrarily, genes in the above-mentioned pathways were mostly downregulated in XY15LW. Thus, our results indicate the involvement of these pathways in the differential cold-stress responses in XY15 and GX74.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Ran Wei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Minyu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jinchu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ying Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chuanxin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chunlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Brassica Genus Seeds: A Review on Phytochemical Screening and Pharmacological Properties. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27186008. [PMID: 36144744 PMCID: PMC9500762 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, Brassica species are widely used in traditional medicine, human food, and animal feed. Recently, special attention has been dedicated to Brassica seeds as source of health-promoting phytochemicals. This review provides a summary of recent research on the Brassica seed phytochemistry, bioactivity, dietary importance, and toxicity by screening the major online scientific database sources and papers published in recent decades by Elsevier, Springer, and John Wiley. The search was conducted covering the period from January 1964 to July 2022. Phytochemically, polyphenols, glucosinolates, and their degradation products were the predominant secondary metabolites in seeds. Different extracts and their purified constituents from seeds of Brassica species have been found to possess a wide range of biological properties including antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective activities. These valuable functional properties of Brassica seeds are related to their richness in active compounds responsible for the prevention and treatment of various chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cancer, and COVID-19. Currently, the potential properties of Brassica seeds and their components are the main focus of research, but their toxicity and health risks must also be accounted for.
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Rapeseed meal as a feed component in monogastric animal nutrition – a review. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2022-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Rapeseed is an important oil crop worldwide, with an annual production of more than 70 million tons. Rapeseed meal (RSM) is a by-product of rapeseed oil production and is second after soybean meal (SBM) in the world production of protein meal. Rapeseed meal derived from black-seeded winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) usually contains between 35 and 40% of crude protein (CP), which is considered to be one of the more valuable plant proteins. It has a good balance of essential amino acids and a very high protein efficiency ratio (PER=3.29). However, full utilisation of this protein is difficult due to presence of the non-protein components of the seed which are associated with it. These are called antinutritional factors and they limit the utilisation of RSM in monogastric animal nutrition. The main antinutritional factors in RSM are dietary fibre, glucosinolates, phytic acid, and phenolic compounds (sinapine, tannins). For many years, research has been conducted in many centers around the world to improve the nutritional value of RSM, which will consequently increase its use in feeding monogastric animals. The attempts that have been undertaken include breeding strategy, optimisation, modernisation and better control of the oil extraction process, as well as technological treatments of seeds and meal. This review provides information on how RSM has evolved in recent years, as well as on its nutritive value, particularly protein, fibre and glucosinolate content. Techniques which have been used to improve the nutritional value of rapeseed products are also discussed. However, the used methods do not allow for full replacement soybean meal by RSM in monogastric animal nutrition.
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Alhomodi AF, Zavadil A, Berhow M, Gibbons WR, Karki B. Composition of canola seed sprouts fermented by Aureobasidium pullulans, Neurospora crassa, and Trichoderma reesei under submerged-state fermentation. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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10
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Cruz LRO, Fernandes Â, Di Gioia F, Petropoulos SA, Polyzos N, Dias MI, Pinela J, Kostić M, Soković MD, Ferreira ICFR, Barros L. The Effect of Nitrogen Input on Chemical Profile and Bioactive Properties of Green- and Red-Colored Basil Cultivars. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020. [PMID: 33114065 DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10111824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, three red-colored (Dark Opal, Basilico Rosso, and Red Basil) and one green-colored landrace (Mitikas) of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) were grown under four nitrogen regimes, namely Control (no fertilizer added), 200 ppm, 400 ppm, and 600 ppm of nitrogen (N). Fresh yield varied depending on N input following a quadratic function in all four genotypes, and green basil performed better compared to the red cultivars. A significant interaction of genotype × N input was recorded for most of the chemical parameters measured. Tocopherols contents of leaves were consistently higher in plants that received 200 ppm of N and lower in those receiving 600 ppm of N, especially in Dark Opal and Red Basil cultivars. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were the major category of fatty acids and Red Basil had the lowest ratio of omega-6/omega 3 (0.29) and thus the best fatty acid profile. Polyphenols content was the highest in Red Basil and Dark Opal (25 mg/g of extract on average) and the lowest in Mitikas and decreased with increasing N input. Similarly, antioxidant activity was the highest in Dark Opal and Red Basil fertigated with 200 ppm of N, whereas all the leaf extracts tested had good antibacterial and antifungal activity. In conclusion, basil chemical and bioactive profile was significantly influenced by both genotype and N input. Red-colored basil, although less productive, had the best chemical profile, and moderate levels of N input may provide the best compromise between yield, nutritional value, and bioactivity for the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís R O Cruz
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto Superior Politécnico Jean Piaget de Benguela, Estrada Nacional 100 Lobito, Benguela 1393, Angola
| | - Ângela Fernandes
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Francesco Di Gioia
- Department of Plant Science, Pennsylvania State University, 207 Tyson Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Spyridon A Petropoulos
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Street, N. Ionia, 38446 Magnissia, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Polyzos
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Street, N. Ionia, 38446 Magnissia, Greece
| | - Maria Inês Dias
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - José Pinela
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Marina Kostić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina D Soković
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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The Effect of Nitrogen Input on Chemical Profile and Bioactive Properties of Green- and Red-Colored Basil Cultivars. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111036. [PMID: 33114065 PMCID: PMC7690662 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, three red-colored (Dark Opal, Basilico Rosso, and Red Basil) and one green-colored landrace (Mitikas) of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) were grown under four nitrogen regimes, namely Control (no fertilizer added), 200 ppm, 400 ppm, and 600 ppm of nitrogen (N). Fresh yield varied depending on N input following a quadratic function in all four genotypes, and green basil performed better compared to the red cultivars. A significant interaction of genotype × N input was recorded for most of the chemical parameters measured. Tocopherols contents of leaves were consistently higher in plants that received 200 ppm of N and lower in those receiving 600 ppm of N, especially in Dark Opal and Red Basil cultivars. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were the major category of fatty acids and Red Basil had the lowest ratio of omega-6/omega 3 (0.29) and thus the best fatty acid profile. Polyphenols content was the highest in Red Basil and Dark Opal (25 mg/g of extract on average) and the lowest in Mitikas and decreased with increasing N input. Similarly, antioxidant activity was the highest in Dark Opal and Red Basil fertigated with 200 ppm of N, whereas all the leaf extracts tested had good antibacterial and antifungal activity. In conclusion, basil chemical and bioactive profile was significantly influenced by both genotype and N input. Red-colored basil, although less productive, had the best chemical profile, and moderate levels of N input may provide the best compromise between yield, nutritional value, and bioactivity for the species.
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12
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Favela-González KM, Hernández-Almanza AY, De la Fuente-Salcido NM. The value of bioactive compounds of cruciferous vegetables (Brassica) as antimicrobials and antioxidants: A review. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13414. [PMID: 32743821 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, consumers are demanding nutrient-rich products for health optimal benefits. In this regard, Brassicaceae family plants, previously named cruciferous, group a large number of widely consumed species around the world. The popularity of Brassica is increasing due to their nutritional value and pharmacological effects. The group includes a large number of vegetable foods such as cabbages, broccoli, cauliflower, mustards as well as, oilseed rapeseed, canola, among others. In recent years, the phytochemical composition of Brassicaceae has been studied deeply because they contain many valuable metabolites, which are directly linked to different recognized biological activities. The scientific evidence confirms diverse medical properties for the treatment of chronic diseases such as obesity, type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, stroke), cancer, and osteoporosis. The unique features of Brassicaceae family plants conferred by their phytochemicals, have extended future prospects about their use for beneficial effects on human nutrition and health worldwide. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: For years, the Brassicaceae plants have been a fascinating research topic, due to their chemical composition characterized by rich in bioactive compounds. The implementation of extracts of these vegetables, causes various beneficial effects of high biological value in the treatment of diseases, owing to their bioactive properties (anti-obesity, anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antianemic, and immunomodulator). Therefore, this review summarizes the chemical composition, describes the bioactive compounds isolated in the plant extracts, and highlights diverse biological activities, mainly the antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity. Brassica plants, as source of natural bioactive agents, have a great potential application to improve the human nutrition and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenia Mirozlava Favela-González
- Graduate Program in Biochemical Engineering, Biological Sciences Faculty, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Torreón, México
| | - Ayerim Yedid Hernández-Almanza
- Graduate Program in Biochemical Engineering, Biological Sciences Faculty, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Torreón, México
| | - Norma Margarita De la Fuente-Salcido
- Graduate Program in Biochemical Engineering, Biological Sciences Faculty, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Torreón, México
- Bioprospecting and Bioprocesses Department, Biological Sciences Faculty, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Torreón, México
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