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Zhang M, Watanabe K, Tsukamoto M, Shibuya R, Morimoto H, Ohshima T. A Short Scalable Route to (−)-α-Kainic Acid Using Pt-Catalyzed Direct Allylic Amination. Chemistry 2015; 21:3937-41. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Kesava Reddy N, Chandrasekhar S. Total synthesis of (-)-α-kainic acid via chirality transfer through Ireland-Claisen rearrangement. J Org Chem 2013; 78:3355-60. [PMID: 23470056 DOI: 10.1021/jo400001t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The total synthesis of (-)-α-Kainic acid is accomplished using a linear strategy involving Noyori asymmetric reduction and chirality transfer through Ireland-Claisen rearrangement as key steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naredla Kesava Reddy
- Division of Natural Products Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India 500 007
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Kitamoto K, Nakayama Y, Sampei M, Ichiki M, Furuya N, Sato T, Chida N. Chirality Transfers through Sequential Sigmatropic Rearrangements of Allylic Vicinal Diols: Development and Application to Total Synthesis of (-)-Kainic Acid. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Orellana A, Pandey SK, Carret S, Greene AE, Poisson JF. A Diels–Alder-Based Total Synthesis of (−)-Kainic Acid. J Org Chem 2012; 77:5286-96. [DOI: 10.1021/jo300608g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Orellana
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire (SERCO)
CNRS, UMR-5250, ICMG FR-2607, Université Joseph Fourier BP-53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Sushil K. Pandey
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire (SERCO)
CNRS, UMR-5250, ICMG FR-2607, Université Joseph Fourier BP-53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Sébastien Carret
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire (SERCO)
CNRS, UMR-5250, ICMG FR-2607, Université Joseph Fourier BP-53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Andrew E. Greene
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire (SERCO)
CNRS, UMR-5250, ICMG FR-2607, Université Joseph Fourier BP-53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Jean-François Poisson
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire (SERCO)
CNRS, UMR-5250, ICMG FR-2607, Université Joseph Fourier BP-53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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Felluga F, Forzato C, Nitti P, Pitacco G, Ghelfi F, Valentin E. First chemoenzymatic synthesis of (+)-2-carboxypyrrolidine-3-acetic acid, the nucleus of kainoid amino acids. Chirality 2011; 24:112-8. [PMID: 22180179 DOI: 10.1002/chir.21032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The distinctive nucleus of kainoid amino acids, (2S,3R)-(+)-2-carboxypyrrolidine-3-acetic acid 6, was synthesized by a chemoenzymatic process, exploiting the diastereomeric cis/trans methyl pyroglutamate derivatives 10a-c/11a-c as key intermediates. These mixtures, when subjected to a kinetic resolution mediated by α-chymotrypsin, reacted diastereo-, regio-, and enantioselectively to give the trans derivatives (+)-10a-c possessing the correct (2S,3R) configuration. Subsequently, the desired product (2S,3R)-(+)-6 could be obtained after well-established transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvia Felluga
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
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Wei G, Chalker JM, Cohen T. Synthesis of (−)-α-Kainic Acid via TMSCl-Promoted Pd-Catalyzed Zinc-ene Cyclization of an Allyl Acetate. J Org Chem 2011; 76:7912-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo201341q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Justin M. Chalker
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Theodore Cohen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Takita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokoshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tohru Fukuyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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García-Álvarez P, Kennedy AR, O'Hara CT, Reilly K, Robertson GM. Synthesis and structural chemistry of alkali metal tris(HMDS) magnesiates containing chiral diamine donor ligands. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:5332-41. [PMID: 21455502 DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10058k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo García-Álvarez
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
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Enders D, Göddertz DP, Beceño C, Raabe G. Asymmetric Synthesis of Polyfunctionalized Pyrrolidines via a Thiourea Catalyzed Domino Mannich/Aza-Michael Reaction. Adv Synth Catal 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Farwick A, Helmchen G. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)-α-Kainic Acid. Org Lett 2010; 12:1108-11. [DOI: 10.1021/ol1001076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Farwick
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Günter Helmchen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Enkisch C, Schneider C. Sequential Mannich-Aza-Michael Reactions for the Stereodivergent Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyrrolidines. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tomooka K, Akiyama T, Man P, Suzuki M. Asymmetric synthesis of (−)- and (+)-kainic acid using a planar chiral amide as a chiral building block. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sakaguchi H, Tokuyama H, Fukuyama T. Total Synthesis of (−)-Kainic Acid via Intramolecular Michael Addition: A Second-Generation Route. Org Lett 2008; 10:1711-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ol800328q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Sakaguchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Tokuyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tohru Fukuyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Abstract
This review covers the isolation, structure determination, synthesis, chemical transformations and biological activity of indolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloids. Included in the review are the hydroxylated indolizidines lentiginosine, swainsonine, castanospermine and their analogues; alkaloids from animal sources, including ants, amphibians and beetles; indolizidine alkaloids from the genera Polygonatum, Prosopis and Elaeocarpus; indolizidine and phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids; alkylquinolizidine alkaloids, including myrtine, epimyrtine, plumerinine and Lycopodium metabolites; Lythraceae and Nuphar alkaloids; lupine alkaloids; and alkaloids from marine sources. 150 references are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Michael
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits 2050, South Africa.
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Christoph G, Stratmann C, Coldham I, Hoppe D. Asymmetric Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-pyrrolidines via Tin−Lithium Exchange and Cyclization. Org Lett 2006; 8:4469-71. [PMID: 16986927 DOI: 10.1021/ol061615p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report a method for the synthesis of chiral pyrrolidines using tin-lithium exchange and cyclization reactions. The precursors are formed readily from simple starting materials and undergo tin-lithium exchange by treatment with n-butyllithium. Subsequent intramolecular carbolithiation is stereoselective to give highly enantiomerically enriched pyrrolidines in excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Christoph
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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