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Shen M, Tu Y, Xie G, Niu Q, Mao H, Xie T, Flowers RA, Lv X, Wang X. Allylsamarium Bromide-Mediated Cascade Cyclization of Homoallylic Esters. Synthesis of 2-(2-Hydroxyalkyl)cyclopropanols and 2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)bicyclo[2.1.1]hexan-1-ols. J Org Chem 2015; 80:52-61. [PMID: 25427109 DOI: 10.1021/jo501797w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In continuation of our previous study on the intramolecular reductive coupling of simple homoallylic esters promoted by allylSmBr/HMPA/H2O, which afforded a facile synthesis of 2-(2-hydroxyalkyl)cyclopropanols, here we report the reductive cascade cyclization of but-3-enyl but-3-enoates mediated by allylSmBr/HMPA/CuCl2·2H2O, in which the two C═C bonds were successively coupled to allow the construction of the structurally interesting bridged bicyclic tertiary alcohols. Thus, the 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)bicyclo[2.1.1]hexan-1-ols were prepared in moderate to good yields with excellent diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Shen
- †Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawei Tu
- †Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanqun Xie
- †Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingsheng Niu
- †Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Mao
- †Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Xie
- †Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Robert A Flowers
- ‡Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Xin Lv
- †Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- †Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
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Szostak M, Fazakerley NJ, Parmar D, Procter DJ. Cross-Coupling Reactions Using Samarium(II) Iodide. Chem Rev 2014; 114:5959-6039. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400685r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Szostak
- School
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Neal J. Fazakerley
- School
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Dixit Parmar
- School
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Procter
- School
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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3
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Berndt M, Hölemann A, Niermann A, Bentz C, Zimmer R, Reissig HU. Replacement of HMPA in Samarium Diiodide Promoted Cyclizations and Reactions of Organolithium Compounds. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Beemelmanns C, Lentz D, Reissig HU. Samarium Diiodide Induced Cyclizations of γ-, δ- and ε-Indolyl Ketones: Reductive Coupling, Intermolecular Trapping, and Subsequent Transformations of Indolines. Chemistry 2011; 17:9720-30. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Saadi J, Brüdgam I, Reissig HU. Highly substituted benzannulated cyclooctanol derivatives by samarium diiodide-induced cyclizations. Beilstein J Org Chem 2010; 6:1229-45. [PMID: 21283559 PMCID: PMC3028607 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.6.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of γ-oxo esters suitably substituted with various styrene subunits was subjected to samarium diiodide-induced 8-endo-trig cyclizations. Efficacy, regioselectivity and stereoselectivity of these reactions via samarium ketyls strongly depend on the substitution pattern of the attacked alkene moiety. The stereoselectivity of the protonation of the intermediate samariumorganyl is also influenced by the structural features of the substrates. This systematic study reveals that steric and electronic factors exhibited by the alkene and ketone subunits are of high importance for the outcome of these cyclization reactions leading to highly substituted benzannulated cyclooctanol derivatives. In exceptional cases, 7-exo-trig cyclizations to cycloheptanol derivatives have been observed. In examples with high steric hindrance the ketyl–aryl coupling can be a competing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Saadi
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustrasse 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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Beemelmanns C, Blot V, Gross S, Lentz D, Reissig HU. Highly Diastereoselective Samarium Diiodide Induced Ketyl Cyclisations of Indole and Pyrrole Derivatives - Scope and Limitations. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200901455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Schöttner E, Wiechoczek M, Jones PG, Lindel T. Enantiospecific synthesis of the cubitane skeleton. Org Lett 2010; 12:784-7. [PMID: 20085310 DOI: 10.1021/ol902854t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The fully substituted 12-membered macrocycle of the cubitane-type diterpenoids has been assembled in an enantioselective manner following a novel "bridge-and-cut" strategy. Hydroxyalkylation of (S)-carvone afforded a carvonylgeraniol, which underwent transannular cyclization on treatment with samarium diiodide in THF. Fragmentation of one of the shorter bridges of the resulting [8.2.2]bicycle liberated the 12-membered ring with the desired cis-arrangement of the isopropenyl side chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Schöttner
- TU Braunschweig, Institutes of Organic, Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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9
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Genrich F, Schaumann E. Silicon- and sulfur-mediated synthesis of benzoannulated cyclooctanols. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.08.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Beemelmanns C, Reissig HU. Highly diastereoselective samarium diiodide induced cyclizations of new 3-substituted indole derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:4475-80. [PMID: 19830298 DOI: 10.1039/b913015b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the synthesis of new functionalized tricyclic and tetracyclic indole derivatives via samarium diiodide induced ketyl cyclizations. The intermediate samarium organyls were either protonated using different proton sources or alkylated with various electrophiles in a highly diastereoselective manner. The obtained products were subjected to further transformations leading to synthetically interesting building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Beemelmanns
- Hans-Ulrich Reissig, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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Saadi J, Lentz D, Reissig HU. Medium-Sized Carbocycles by Samarium Diiodide-Induced Carbonyl−Alkene Cyclizations. Org Lett 2009; 11:3334-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol901183h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Saadi
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dieter Lentz
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Reissig
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Wefelscheid UK, Berndt M, Reißig HU. Samarium Diiodide Mediated Ketyl-Aryl Coupling Reactions - Influence of Substituents and Trapping Experiments. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Sadasivam DV, Antharjanam PKS, Prasad E, Flowers, RA. Mechanistic Study of Samarium Diiodide-HMPA Initiated 5-exo-trig Ketyl−Olefin Coupling: The Role of HMPA in Post-Electron Transfer Steps. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:7228-9. [PMID: 18479133 DOI: 10.1021/ja802448x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Edamana Prasad
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - Robert A. Flowers,
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
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Plummer JM, Weitgenant JA, Noll BC, Lauher JW, Wiest O, Helquist P. Synthesis, Structure, and Metal Complexation Behavior of a New Type of Functionalized Chiral Phenanthroline Derivative. J Org Chem 2008; 73:3911-4. [DOI: 10.1021/jo702566m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M. Plummer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Notre Dame Cancer Center, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, and Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - Jeremy A. Weitgenant
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Notre Dame Cancer Center, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, and Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - Bruce C. Noll
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Notre Dame Cancer Center, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, and Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - Joseph W. Lauher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Notre Dame Cancer Center, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, and Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - Olaf Wiest
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Notre Dame Cancer Center, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, and Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - Paul Helquist
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Notre Dame Cancer Center, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, and Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
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Aulenta F, Berndt M, Brüdgam I, Hartl H, Sörgel S, Reissig HU. A New, Efficient and Stereoselective Synthesis of Tricyclic and Tetracyclic Compounds by Samarium Diiodide Induced Cyclisations of Naphthyl-Substituted Arylketones—An Easy Access to Steroid-Like Skeletons. Chemistry 2007; 13:6047-62. [PMID: 17487910 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this report, we present the application of samarium diiodide induced cyclisations of naphthyl-substituted ketones towards an easy and stereoselective access to tri- and tetracyclic-functionalised compounds. Typical naphthalene derivatives were studied to investigate the scope and limitations of this novel cyclisation process. The model substrates studied demonstrate that the samarium ketyl cyclisations are essentially restricted to the formation of six-membered rings. The diastereoselectivity of these reactions is strongly influenced by the connection of the alkyl side chain to the naphthalene core. Gamma-naphth-1-yl-substituted ketones furnished cyclisation products, such as 17 or 22-26, as single diastereomers, whereas gamma-naphth-2-yl-substituted precursors gave mixtures of diastereomers--as demonstrated by the conversion of model compound 10 into tricyclic products 18 a/18 b, or that of cyclohexanone derivative 33 into tetracyclic diastereomers 34 a/34 b. Cyclic ketones as ketyl precursors furnished steroid-like tetracyclic skeletons; however, due to the cis/cis fusion of rings B/C and C/D these products have an "unnatural" bowl-like shape. Several of the cyclisation products have been identified by X-ray analyses, which not only proved the constitutions, but also the relative configurations and the preferred conformations. Steroid analogue 23 was subjected to subsequent transformations, which demonstrate that the styrene-like double bond of such compounds can be used for further structural diversification. First attempts to synthesise related azasteroids by incorporating nitrogen atoms into the ketone moiety are also reported. Thus, pyrrolidine derivatives 44 and 47 as well as piperidine derivatives 50 and 52 were subjected to samarium diiodide induced cyclisations. The expected tetracyclic products 48, 49 a/49 b, 51 and 53 a/53 b were obtained in moderate to good yields. The stereoselectivities observed follow the rules already established for the all-carbon precursors. The resulting products, bearing a nitrogen atom in ring D, are interesting azasteroid analogues with "unnatural" configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Aulenta
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Blot V, Reißig HU. Efficient Synthesis of Medium-Sized Rings Incorporating Indole or Pyrrole Units by Samarium Diiodide Induced Cyclizations. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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