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Eid EM. Sustainable Green Synthesis of Pyrimidine Derivatives: Review on Multicomponent Synthesis, Catalysts and Techniques. Curr Org Synth 2024; 21:127-139. [PMID: 36998127 DOI: 10.2174/1570179420666230330081211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
"The founder of green chemistry explains how chemicals manufacturing must change to support a sustainable future." In this review, Green chemistry is considered in the synthesis of heterocycles compounds containing Pyrimidine nuclei using different catalyzes, solvents, and techniques for the synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives that achieve sustainability. The mentioned fused heterocycles are classified according to the type of ring system. The yield of the target molecules reported in the review is given in the reaction's last step.
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Hammouda MM, Rashed MM, Elattar KM, Osman AMA. Synthetic strategies of heterocycle-integrated pyridopyrimidine scaffolds supported by nano-catalysts. RSC Adv 2023; 13:11600-11634. [PMID: 37063723 PMCID: PMC10103583 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00922j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano-catalysts are of special character for the synthesis of organic molecules with high efficiency, and exceptional physicochemical properties. The objective of this study was to present an overview of the literature reports concerning the synthetic strategies supported by nano-catalysts and the biological features of heterocycle-integrated pyridopyrimidine scaffolds. The basic topics include the strategies that were adopted to prepare pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines and pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidines. The synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines was attained through two-, three-, or four-component reactions. The synthesis of spirocyclic systems, including spiro[indoline-pyridopyrimidine] derivatives and arylation reactions, was investigated. The anticipated mechanisms of the diverse target products, in addition to the preparation of the nanocatalysts, were scrutinized. The privileged antimicrobial characteristics, challenges, literature overview, and future prospectives were consistently investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Hammouda
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj 11942 Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University El-Gomhoria Street Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Marwa M Rashed
- Toxicology Department, Mansoura Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University El-Gomhoria Street Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Khaled M Elattar
- Unit of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University El-Gomhoria Street Mansoura 35516 Egypt +20-1010655354
| | - Amany M A Osman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj 11942 Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University Shebin El-Koam Egypt
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Chandrakar K, Patel JL, Mahapatra SP, Penta S. Recent Advances in On-Water Multicomponent Synthesis of Coumarin Derivatives. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999201013164825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Coumarin-linked heterocycles represent privileged structural subunits and are welldistributed
in naturally occurring compounds with immense biological activities. Multicomponent
reactions (MCRs) are becoming a valuable tool for synthesizing structurally diverse
molecular entities. On the other hand, the last year has seen a tremendous outburst in modifying
chemical processes to make them sustainable for the betterment of our environment. The
application of aqueous medium in organic synthesis is fulfilling some of the goals of ‘green
and sustainable chemistry’ as it has some advantages over the traditional synthetic methods in
terms of reaction rates, yields, purity of the products, product selectivity, etc. Hence, significant
progress has been made in recent years. In the present review, we provide an overview of
the recent developments of multicomponent synthesis of biologically relevant coumarin
linked and fused heterocyclic compounds carried out from 2015 till today in an aqueous medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Chandrakar
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Raipur, G. E. Road, Raipur-492010, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Jeevan Lal Patel
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Raipur, G. E. Road, Raipur-492010, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - S. P. Mahapatra
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Raipur, G. E. Road, Raipur-492010, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Santhosh Penta
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Raipur, G. E. Road, Raipur-492010, Chhattisgarh, India
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Kumaresan M, Karthika V, Selvakumar K, Sami P. Green synthesis of naphtho[2,3-f]quinolin-13-one and naphtho[2,3-a]acridin-1(2H)-one derivatives catalyzed by heteropoly acid supported montmorillonite K-10 clay. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1646287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murugan Kumaresan
- Department of Chemistry, V.H.N.S.N. College (Autonomous), Virudhunagar, India
| | | | - Karuppaiah Selvakumar
- Nanomaterials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, International Research Centre, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education (Deemed to be University), Virudhunagar, India
| | - Ponnusamy Sami
- Department of Chemistry, V.H.N.S.N. College (Autonomous), Virudhunagar, India
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Reddy MS, Kumar NS, Chowhan LR. Heterogeneous graphene oxide as recyclable catalyst for azomethine ylide mediated 1,3 dipolar cycloaddition reaction in aqueous medium. RSC Adv 2018; 8:35587-35593. [PMID: 35547897 PMCID: PMC9088037 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06714g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) catalyzed regio and diastereoselective synthesis of spiro-indenoquinoxaline pyrrolizidines and spiro-oxindoles pyrrolizidines is described with good substrate scope and yield using azomethine ylide under aq. EtOH condition at RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marri Sameer Reddy
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Central University of Gujarat
- Gandhinagar-382030
- India
| | - Nandigama Satish Kumar
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Gitam Institute of Sciences
- Gitam University
- Visakhapatnam 530045
| | - L. Raju Chowhan
- Centre for Applied Chemistry
- Central University of Gujarat
- Gandhinagar-382030
- India
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A green one-pot three-component cascade reaction: the synthesis of 2-amino-5,8-dihydro-3H-pyrido[2,3-D]pyrimidin-4-ones in aqueous medium. Mol Divers 2017; 21:147-153. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-016-9712-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Lingham AR, Hawley JA, Greaves T, Jackson N, Antolasic F, Hügel HM. Revisiting the three component synthesis of isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridines, 4-aryl-3,7,7-trimethyl-isoxazolo[5,4-b]quinolin-5(6H)-ones and related heterocycles. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Advancements in tetronic acid chemistry. Part 2: Use as a simple precursor to privileged heterocyclic motifs. Mol Divers 2016; 20:989-999. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-016-9683-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ramesh P, Rao KS, Trivedi R, Kumar BS, Prakasham RS, Sridhar B. Highly efficient regio and diastereoselective synthesis of functionalized bis-spirooxindoles and their antibacterial properties. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00613b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, efficient, regioselective and diastereoselective method has been developed for the synthesis of spirooxindole-pyrrolidines using 0.5 mol% of ceric ammonium nitrate in aqueous medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pambala Ramesh
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500007
- India
| | - Kadiyala Srinivasa Rao
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500007
- India
| | - Rajiv Trivedi
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500007
- India
| | - B. Sudheer Kumar
- Bio Engineering and Environmental Centre
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500007
- India
| | - R. S. Prakasham
- Bio Engineering and Environmental Centre
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500007
- India
| | - B. Sridhar
- Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
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Suliman FO, Al-Busaidi JN, Al-Lawati HA, Al-Kindy SM. Microfluidic Precolumn Derivatization of Environmental Phenols with Coumarin-6-Sulfonyl Chloride and HPLC Separation. J Chromatogr Sci 2015; 53:1379-85. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmv028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Satish Kumar N, Chandrasekhara Rao L, Jagadeesh Babu N, Meshram HM. A domino green method for the rapid synthesis of novel fused isoquinoline derivatives via Knoevenagel/Michael/cyclization reactions on aqueous media and their photophysical properties. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15948b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An expedient, eco-friendly and green-protocol has been developed for the synthesis of novel 4-imino-2-aryl-4H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinoline-3-carbonitrile derivatives via Knoevenagel/Michael/cyclisation reactions in one pot under catalyst-free conditions on aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandigama Satish Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
| | - L. Chandrasekhara Rao
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
| | - N. Jagadeesh Babu
- Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
| | - H. M. Meshram
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
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Rahmati A, Pashmforoush N. Synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds via multi-component reactions in water. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-014-0562-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Kaur N. Application of Microwave Irradiation in the Synthesis of Fused Six-Membered Heterocycles with N-Heteroatom. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2013.816734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navjeet Kaur
- a Department of Chemistry , Banasthali University , Banasthali , Rajasthan , India
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Mohsenimehr M, Mamaghani M, Shirini F, Sheykhan M, Moghaddam FA. One-pot synthesis of novel pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines using HAp-encapsulated-γ-Fe2O3 supported sulfonic acid nanocatalyst under solvent-free conditions. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2014.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Ivantsova MN, Tokareva MI, Mironov MA. Multicomponent interphase synthesis of heterocyclic compounds (Review). Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-012-1031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Ceylan S, Coutable L, Wegner J, Kirschning A. Inductive Heating with Magnetic Materials inside Flow Reactors. Chemistry 2011; 17:1884-93. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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17
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Wegner J, Ceylan S, Kirschning A. Ten key issues in modern flow chemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:4583-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc05060a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 522] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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del Duque MMS, Allais C, Isambert N, Constantieux T, Rodriguez J. β-Diketo Building Blocks for MCRs-Based Syntheses of Heterocycles. SYNTHESIS OF HETEROCYCLES VIA MULTICOMPONENT REACTIONS I 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/7081_2010_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Ramachary DB, Kishor M. Direct catalytic asymmetric synthesis of highly functionalized tetronic acids/tetrahydro-isobenzofuran-1,5-diones via combination of cascade three-component reductive alkylations and Michael-aldol reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:2859-67. [DOI: 10.1039/c003588b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Microwave multicomponent synthesis. Molecules 2009; 14:4936-72. [PMID: 20032870 PMCID: PMC6254856 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14124936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2009] [Revised: 11/17/2009] [Accepted: 11/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the manner that very important research is often performed by multidisciplinary research teams, the applications of multicomponent reactions involving the combination of multiple starting materials with different functional groups leading to the higher efficiency and environmentally friendly construction of multifunctional/complex target molecules is growing in importance. This review will explore the advances and advantages in microwave multicomponent synthesis (MMS) that have been achieved over the last five years.
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Rong L, Han H, Jiang H, Dai Y, Zhuang M, Cao M, Tu S. An efficient and convenient multicomponent reaction for the synthesis of 2-methyl-4,6-diarylpyrimidine under solvent-free conditions. J Heterocycl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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22
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Kappe CO, Dallinger D. Controlled microwave heating in modern organic synthesis: highlights from the 2004–2008 literature. Mol Divers 2009; 13:71-193. [PMID: 19381851 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-009-9138-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Tu SJ, Cao XD, Hao WJ, Zhang XH, Yan S, Wu SS, Han ZG, Shi F. An efficient and chemoselective synthesis of benzo[e][1,4]thiazepin-2(1H,3H,5H)-ones via a microwave-assisted multi-component reaction in water. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:557-63. [DOI: 10.1039/b815879g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Shi F, Zhou D, Tu S, Li C, Cao L, Shao Q. Pot, atom and step economic synthesis of fused three heterocyclic ring compounds under microwave irradiation in water. J Heterocycl Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570450508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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SHI F, ZHANG Y, TU SJ, ZHOU DX, LI CM, SHAO QQ, CAO LJ. A Green Approach to the Synthesis of Biologically Important Indeno[2,1-e]pyrazolo[5,4-b]pyridines via Microwave-assisted Multi-component Reactions in Water. CHINESE J CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.200890229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Polshettiwar V, Varma RS. Aqueous microwave chemistry: a clean and green synthetic tool for rapid drug discovery. Chem Soc Rev 2008; 37:1546-57. [PMID: 18648680 DOI: 10.1039/b716534j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 376] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of "Greener Organic Chemistry" is due to the recognition that environmentally friendly products and processes will be economical in the long term as they circumvent the need for treating 'end-of-the-pipe' pollutants and by-products generated by conventional synthesis. The fundamentals and significant outcomes of microwave-assisted organic synthesis in aqueous medium are summarized in this tutorial review, which have resulted in the development of relatively sustainable and environmentally benign protocols for the synthesis of drugs and fine chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Polshettiwar
- Sustainable Technology Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA.
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