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Laudadio E, Minnelli C, Amici A, Massaccesi L, Mobbili G, Galeazzi R. Liposomal Formulations for an Efficient Encapsulation of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate: An in- Silico/Experimental Approach. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020441. [PMID: 29462955 PMCID: PMC6017453 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As a part of research project aimed to optimize antioxidant delivery, here we studied the influence of both salts and lipid matrix composition on the interaction of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) with bilayer leaflets. Thus, we combined in silico and experimental methods to study the ability of neutral and anionic vesicles to encapsulate EGCG in the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ divalent salts. Experimental and in silico results show a very high correlation, thus confirming the efficiency of the developed methodology. In particular, we found out that the presence of calcium ions hinders the insertion of EGCG in the liposome bilayer in both neutral and anionic systems. On the contrary, the presence of MgCl2 improves the insertion degree of EGCG molecules respect to the liposomes without divalent salts. The best and most efficient salt concentration is that corresponding to a 5:1 molar ratio between Mg2+ and EGCG, in both neutral and anionic vesicles. Concerning the lipid matrix composition, the anionic one results in better promotion of the catechin insertion within the bilayer since experimentally we achieved 100% EGCG encapsulation in the lipid carrier in the presence of a 5:1 molar ratio of magnesium. Thus, the combination of this anionic liposomal formulation with magnesium chloride, avoids time-consuming separation steps of unentrapped active principle and appears particularly suitable for EGCG delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Laudadio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DISVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Cristina Minnelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DISVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Adolfo Amici
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Luca Massaccesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DISVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Mobbili
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DISVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Roberta Galeazzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DISVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
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Laudadio E, Mobbili G, Minnelli C, Massaccesi L, Galeazzi R. Salts Influence Cathechins and Flavonoids Encapsulation in Liposomes: A Molecular Dynamics Investigation. Mol Inform 2017. [PMID: 28635075 DOI: 10.1002/minf.201700059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cathechins and flavonoids are responsible of numerous health benefits. Two of the most representatives' compounds for their antioxidant and therapeutic effects are Epigallocatechin 3-Gallate (EGCG), from green tea extracts, and morelloflavone (MF), from Garcinia dulcis. Here we explore, by atomistic Molecular Dynamics simulations, how EGCG and MF interact with lipid bilayers and we show the salts' influence on their encapsulation degree in neutral liposomes. As a result, we found out that EGCGs naturally bind to the hydrophilic regions of phospholipids, positioning themselves mostly at the interface between water and lipid phases. The presence of a salt clearly influences the EGCG molecules' absorption and the total effect depends strongly on the salt nature and concentration. Beside, for MF, we observed a high stability of the intermolecular MFs aggregates in water that strongly penalizes the flavonoid's interaction with the lipid polar heads. However, salts can influence MF's liposomal penetration, even if they are not able to promote completely its absorption inside the bilayer. For both compounds, the increase of penetration is more marked in presence of magnesium chloride, whilst calcium chloride showed the opposite effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Laudadio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona -, ITALY
| | - Giovanna Mobbili
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona -, ITALY
| | - Cristina Minnelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona -, ITALY
| | - Luca Massaccesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona -, ITALY
| | - Roberta Galeazzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona -, ITALY
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St-Cyr DJ, García-Ramos Y, Doan ND, Lubell WD. Aminolactam, N-Aminoimidazolone, and N-Aminoimdazolidinone Peptide Mimics. TOPICS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/7081_2017_204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Highly stable atropisomers by electrophilic amination of a chiral γ-lactam within the synthesis of an elusive conformationally restricted analogue of α-methylhomoserine. Amino Acids 2015; 48:461-78. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-2100-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Galeazzi R, Bruni P, Crucianelli E, Laudadio E, Marini M, Massaccesi L, Mobbili G, Pisani M. Liposome-based gene delivery systems containing a steroid derivative: computational and small angle X-ray diffraction study. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra08439c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural properties and the phase behaviour of mixed composition liposomes containing a functionalized lipid are investigated with the aim to design neutral liposomes able to coordinate metals and to complex DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Galeazzi
- Di.S.V.A. Department
- Polytechnic University of Marche
- Ancona
- Italy
| | - P. Bruni
- SIMAU Department
- Polytechnic University of Marche
- Ancona
- Italy
| | - E. Crucianelli
- Di.S.V.A. Department
- Polytechnic University of Marche
- Ancona
- Italy
| | - E. Laudadio
- Di.S.V.A. Department
- Polytechnic University of Marche
- Ancona
- Italy
| | - M. Marini
- SIMAU Department
- Polytechnic University of Marche
- Ancona
- Italy
| | - L. Massaccesi
- Di.S.V.A. Department
- Polytechnic University of Marche
- Ancona
- Italy
| | - G. Mobbili
- Di.S.V.A. Department
- Polytechnic University of Marche
- Ancona
- Italy
| | - M. Pisani
- SIMAU Department
- Polytechnic University of Marche
- Ancona
- Italy
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Tan DQ, Younai A, Pattawong O, Fettinger JC, Cheong PHY, Shaw JT. Stereoselective synthesis of γ-lactams from imines and cyanosuccinic anhydrides. Org Lett 2013; 15:5126-9. [PMID: 24070117 PMCID: PMC3874237 DOI: 10.1021/ol402554n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A reaction between imines and anhydrides has been developed with chiral disubstituted anhydrides and chiral imines. The synthesis of highly substituted γ-lactams with three stereogenic centers, including one quaternary center, proceeds at room temperature in high yield and with high diastereoselectivity in most cases. Enantiomerically pure alkyl-substituted anhydrides proceed with no epimerization, thus providing access to enantiomerically pure penta-substituted lactam products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darlene Q. Tan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ashkaan Younai
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ommidala Pattawong
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - James C. Fettinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Paul Ha-Yeon Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Jared T. Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Galeazzi R, Martelli G, Orena M, Rinaldi S. Stereoselective alkylation of chiral pyrrolidin-2-ones leading to novel conformationally restricted analogues of 3-methylaspartic acid: a computational investigation. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-012-0807-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Ung P, Winkler DA. Tripeptide Motifs in Biology: Targets for Peptidomimetic Design. J Med Chem 2011; 54:1111-25. [DOI: 10.1021/jm1012984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Phuc Ung
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC 3169, Australia
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Parkville 3152, Australia
| | - David A. Winkler
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC 3169, Australia
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Parkville 3152, Australia
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Crucianelli E, Galeazzi R, Martelli G, Orena M, Rinaldi S, Sabatino P. A novel conformationally restricted analogue of 3-methylaspartic acid via stereoselective methylation of chiral pyrrolidin-2-ones. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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