1
|
Sarabando SN, Palmeira A, Sousa ME, Faustino MAF, Monteiro CJP. Photomodulation Approaches to Overcome Antimicrobial Resistance. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050682. [PMID: 37242465 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Photopharmacology is an approach that aims to be an alternative to classical chemotherapy. Herein, the different classes of photoswitches and photocleavage compounds and their biological applications are described. Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) containing azobenzene moieties (PHOTACs) and photocleavable protecting groups (photocaged PROTACs) are also mentioned. Furthermore, porphyrins are referenced as successful photoactive compounds in a clinical context, such as in the photodynamic therapy of tumours as well as preventing antimicrobial resistance, namely in bacteria. Porphyrins combining photoswitches and photocleavage systems are highlighted, taking advantage of both photopharmacology and photodynamic action. Finally, porphyrins with antibacterial activity are described, taking advantage of the synergistic effect of photodynamic treatment and antibiotic therapy to overcome bacterial resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia N Sarabando
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Chemical Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- LAQV-Requimte and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3010-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andreia Palmeira
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Chemical Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Emília Sousa
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Chemical Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Carlos J P Monteiro
- LAQV-Requimte and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3010-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mondal A, Ahmad M, Mondal D, Talukdar P. Progress and prospects toward supramolecular bioactive ion transporters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1917-1938. [PMID: 36691926 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06761g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The majority of cellular physiological processes depend on natural ion channels, which are pore-forming membrane-embedded proteins that let ions flow across the cell membranes selectively. This selective movement of ions across the membranes balances the osmolality within and outside the cell. However, mutations in the genes that encode essential membrane transport proteins or structural reorganisation of these proteins can cause life-threatening diseases like cystic fibrosis. Artificial ion transport systems have opened up a way to replace dysfunctional natural ion channels to cure such diseases through channel replacement therapy. Moreover, recent research has also demonstrated the ability of these systems to kill cancer cells, reigniting interest in the field among scientists. Our contributions to the recent progress in the design and development of artificial chloride ion transporters and their effect on biological systems have been discussed in this review. This review would provide current vistas and future directions toward the development of novel ion transporters with improved biocompatibility and desired anti-cancer properties. Additionally, it strongly emphasises stimuli-responsive ion transport systems, which are crucial for obtaining target-specificity and may speed up the application of these systems in clinical therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mondal
- Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India. .,Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Debashis Mondal
- Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India. .,Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Zwirkii Wigury 101, Warsaw 02-089, Poland
| | - Pinaki Talukdar
- Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Development of novel porphyrin/combretastatin A-4 conjugates for bimodal chemo and photodynamic therapy: Synthesis, photophysical and TDDFT computational studies. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
4
|
Targeted Cancer Therapy Using Compounds Activated by Light. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133237. [PMID: 34209493 PMCID: PMC8269035 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy is affected by a modest selectivity and toxic side effects of pharmacological interventions. Among novel approaches to overcome this limitation and to bring to therapy more potent and selective agents is the use of light for selective activation of anticancer compounds. In this review, we focus on the anticancer applications of two light-activated approaches still in the experimental phase: photoremovable protecting groups ("photocages") and photoswitches. We describe the structural considerations behind the development of novel compounds and the plethora of assays used to confirm whether the photochemical and pharmacological properties are meeting the stringent criteria for an efficient in vivo light-dependent activation. Despite its immense potential, light activation brings many challenges, and the complexity of the task is very demanding. Currently, we are still deeply in the phase of pharmacological tools, but the vivid research and rapid development bring the light of hope for potential clinical use.
Collapse
|
5
|
The Issue of Tissue: Approaches and Challenges to the Light Control of Drug Activity. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2021; 5:611-618. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
6
|
Zhang M, Cheng J, Huang X, Zhang G, Ding S, Hu J, Qiao R. Photo‐Degradable Micelles Capable of Releasing of Carbon Monoxide under Visible Light Irradiation. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000323. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Jian Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Xuming Huang
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Guoying Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Shenggang Ding
- Department of Pediatrics The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui 230022 China
| | - Jinming Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Ruirui Qiao
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Phillips AM, Pombeiro AJ. Transition Metal-Based Prodrugs for Anticancer Drug Delivery. Curr Med Chem 2020; 26:7476-7519. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666181203141122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
:
Transition metal complexes, of which the platinum(II) complex cisplatin is an example,
have been used in medicine to treat cancer for more than 40 years. Although many successes have
been achieved, there are problems associated with the use of these drugs, such as side effects and
drug resistance. Converting them into prodrugs, to make them more inert, so that they can travel to
the tumour site unchanged and release the drug in its active form only there, is a strategy which is
the subject of much research nowadays. The new prodrugs may be activated and release the cytotoxic
agent by differences in oxygen concentration or in pH, by the action of overexpressed enzymes,
by differences in metabolic rates, etc., which characteristically distinguish cancer cells from
normal ones, or even by the input of radiation, which can be visible light. Converting a metal complex
into a prodrug may also be used to improve its pharmacological properties. In some cases, the
metal complex is a carrier which transports the active drug as a ligand. Some platinum prodrugs
have reached clinical trials. So far platinum, ruthenium and cobalt have been the most studied metals.
This review presents the recent developments in this area, including the types of complexes
used, the mechanisms of drug action and in some cases the techniques applied to monitor drug delivery
to cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana M.F. Phillips
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Armando J.L. Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Salunke SB, Malla JA, Talukdar P. Phototriggered Release of a Transmembrane Chloride Carrier from an
o
‐Nitrobenzyl‐Linked Procarrier. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5354-5358. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201900869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Swati Bansi Salunke
- Chemistry DepartmentIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Javid Ahmad Malla
- Chemistry DepartmentIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Pinaki Talukdar
- Chemistry DepartmentIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Salunke SB, Malla JA, Talukdar P. Phototriggered Release of a Transmembrane Chloride Carrier from an
o
‐Nitrobenzyl‐Linked Procarrier. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201900869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Swati Bansi Salunke
- Chemistry DepartmentIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Javid Ahmad Malla
- Chemistry DepartmentIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Pinaki Talukdar
- Chemistry DepartmentIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
The convergence of wearable sensors and personalized medicine enhance the ability to sense and control the drug composition and dosage, as well as location and timing of administration. To date, numerous stimuli-triggered smart drug-delivery systems have been developed to detect changes in light, pH, temperature, biomolecules, electric field, magnetic field, ultrasound and mechanical forces. This review examines the major advances within the last 5 years for the three most common light-responsive drug delivery-on-demand strategies: photochemical, photoisomerization and photothermal. Examples are highlighted to illustrate progress of each strategy in drug delivery applications, and key limitations are identified to motivate future research to advance this important field.
Collapse
|
11
|
Sitkowska K, Feringa BL, Szymański W. Green-Light-Sensitive BODIPY Photoprotecting Groups for Amines. J Org Chem 2018; 83:1819-1827. [PMID: 29369628 PMCID: PMC5822223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe a series of easily accessible, visible-light-sensitive (λ > 500 nm) BODIPY (boron-dipyrromethene)-based photoprotecting groups (PPGs) for primary and secondary amines, based on a carbamate linker. The caged compounds are stable under aqueous conditions for 24 h and can be efficiently uncaged in vitro with visible light (λ = 530 nm). These properties allow efficient photodeprotection of amines, rendering these novel PPGs potentially suitable for various applications, including the delivery of caged drugs and their remote activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Sitkowska
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Warsaw , Faculty of Chemistry, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymański
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Konno H, Takeda J. Synthesis, Acid-Base Properties, Kinetics and Mechanism of Cu2+ Incorporation into Water-Soluble Highly Substituted Porphyrins. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424617500572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, acid-base properties, and kinetics of Cu[Formula: see text] incorporation into water-soluble highly substituted porphyrins were studied. The basicity increased and the stepwise acid-base equilibrium was clarified by increasing the number of phenyl groups at the [Formula: see text] position, and the basicity of a dodeca-substituted porphyrin increased with the ionic strength. The metalation reaction of the dodeca-substituted porphyrin with Cu[Formula: see text] in aqueous solution revealed a biphasic absorbance change at 453 nm. Plots of [Formula: see text] or[Formula: see text] vs. the Cu[Formula: see text] concentration and of log ([Formula: see text] or[Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] 0) vs. the ionic strength show that [Formula: see text] is dependent on the Cu[Formula: see text] concentration and ionic strength, while [Formula: see text] is independent of these parameters. These results confirm the stepwise metalation mechanism and the existence of an intermediate in aqueous solution, which is indicated by the biphasic absorbance change at 453 nm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Konno
- Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Jun Takeda
- Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ferraboschi P, Ciceri S, Grisenti P. Synthesis of Antitumor Fluorinated Pyrimidine Nucleosides. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2017.1290994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
14
|
Leonidova A, Mari C, Aebersold C, Gasser G. Selective Photorelease of an Organometallic-Containing Enzyme Inhibitor. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Leonidova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Mari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christine Aebersold
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mo S, Wen Y, Xue F, Lan H, Mao Y, Lv G, Yi T. A novel o -nitrobenzyl-based photocleavable antitumor prodrug with the capability of releasing 5-fluorourail. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-016-1010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
16
|
Leonidova A, Anstaett P, Pierroz V, Mari C, Spingler B, Ferrari S, Gasser G. Induction of Cytotoxicity through Photorelease of Aminoferrocene. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:9740-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Leonidova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Anstaett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Pierroz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute
of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Mari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Spingler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Ferrari
- Institute
of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mari C, Pierroz V, Leonidova A, Ferrari S, Gasser G. Towards Selective Light-Activated RuII-Based Prodrug Candidates. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
18
|
Wong PT, Choi SK. Mechanisms of Drug Release in Nanotherapeutic Delivery Systems. Chem Rev 2015; 115:3388-432. [DOI: 10.1021/cr5004634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela T. Wong
- Michigan
Nanotechnology Institute
for Medicine and Biological Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Seok Ki Choi
- Michigan
Nanotechnology Institute
for Medicine and Biological Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Leonidova A, Pierroz V, Rubbiani R, Lan Y, Schmitz AG, Kaech A, Sigel RKO, Ferrari S, Gasser G. Photo-induced uncaging of a specific Re(i) organometallic complex in living cells. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc53550a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
20
|
Tietze LF, Müller M, Duefert SC, Schmuck K, Schuberth I. Photoactivatable Prodrugs of Highly Potent Duocarmycin Analogues for a Selective Cancer Therapy. Chemistry 2012; 19:1726-31. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
21
|
Senge MO. Stirring the porphyrin alphabet soup—functionalization reactions for porphyrins. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:1943-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03984e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
22
|
Ciesienski KL, Hyman LM, Yang DT, Haas KL, Dickens MG, Holbrook RJ, Franz KJ. A Photo-Caged Platinum(II) Complex That Increases Cytotoxicity upon Light Activation. Eur J Inorg Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201000098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
23
|
Wang JT, Xia Q, Zheng XH, Chen HY, Chao H, Mao ZW, Ji LN. An effective approach to artificial nucleases using copper(ii) complexes bearing nucleobases. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:2128-36. [DOI: 10.1039/b915392f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
24
|
Hajimohammadi M, Bahadoran F, Davarani SSH, Safari N. Selective photocatalytic epoxidation of cyclooctene by molecular oxygen in the presence of porphyrin sensitizers. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-009-0121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
25
|
Bakar MB, Oelgemöller M, Senge MO. Lead structures for applications in photodynamic therapy. Part 2: Synthetic studies for photo-triggered release systems of bioconjugate porphyrin photosensitizers. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
26
|
Yi H, Maisonneuve S, Xie J. Synthesis, glycosylation and photolysis of photolabile 2-(2-nitrophenyl)propyloxycarbonyl (NPPOC) protected glycopyranosides. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:3847-54. [DOI: 10.1039/b908404e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
27
|
Ito T, Tanabe K, Yamada H, Hatta H, Nishimoto SI. Radiation- and photo-induced activation of 5-fluorouracil prodrugs as a strategy for the selective treatment of solid tumors. Molecules 2008; 13:2370-84. [PMID: 18830160 PMCID: PMC6245186 DOI: 10.3390/molecules13102370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2008] [Revised: 09/22/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is used widely as an anticancer drug to treat solid cancers, such as colon, breast, rectal, and pancreatic cancers, although its clinical application is limited because 5-FU has gastrointestinal and hematological toxicity. Many groups are searching for prodrugs with functions that are tumor selective in their delivery and can be activated to improve the clinical utility of 5-FU as an important cancer chemotherapeutic agent. UV and ionizing radiation can cause chemical reactions in a localized area of the body, and these have been applied in the development of site-specific drug activation and sensitization. In this review, we describe recent progress in the development of novel 5-FU prodrugs that are activated site specifically by UV light and ionizing radiation in the tumor microenvironment. We also discuss the chemical mechanisms underlying this activation.
Collapse
|