1
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Murphy SA, Phelan C, Shanmugaraju S, Blasco S, Gunnlaugsson T. Fluorescent 3-amino-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger’s bases (3-amino-TBNaps) incorporating protected α-amino acids. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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2
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Murphy SA, Phelan CA, Veale EB, Kotova O, Comby S, Gunnlaugsson T. Fluorescent 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger's bases (TBNaps) possessing (orthogonal) 'α-amino acids', esters and di-peptides and their solvent dependent photophysical properties. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6817-6833. [PMID: 34308464 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00973g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of fifteen luminescent bis-naphthalimide based Tröger's bases (TBNaps) derived from 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide (4-Amino-Nap) precursors is described; these scaffolds possess α-amino acids, esters or di-peptides conjugated at the imide site and show minor fluorescence in aqueous solution while being highly emissive in organic solvents. The investigation shows that these TBNaps possessing ICT excited state properties are capable of generating either positive or negative solvatochromic effects in response to changes in polarity and/or the hydrogen bonding capabilities of the medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A Murphy
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Caroline A Phelan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Emma B Veale
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Oxana Kotova
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. and Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Steve Comby
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. and Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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3
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Trupp L, Bruttomesso AC, Vardé M, Eliseeva SV, Ramírez JA, Petoud S, Barja BC. Innovative Multipodal Ligands Derived from Tröger's Bases for the Sensitization of Lanthanide(III) Luminescence. Chemistry 2020; 26:16900-16909. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Trupp
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
- Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía, (INQUIMAE) CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
- Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a Química Orgánica (UMYMFOR) CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UPR 4301 45071 Orléans Cedex 2 France
| | - Andrea C. Bruttomesso
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
- Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a Química Orgánica (UMYMFOR) CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
| | - Mariana Vardé
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
- Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a Química Orgánica (UMYMFOR) CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
| | - Svetlana V. Eliseeva
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UPR 4301 45071 Orléans Cedex 2 France
| | - Javier A. Ramírez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
- Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a Química Orgánica (UMYMFOR) CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
| | - Stéphane Petoud
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UPR 4301 45071 Orléans Cedex 2 France
| | - Beatriz C. Barja
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
- Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía, (INQUIMAE) CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires Int. Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
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4
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Bagdžiu̅nas G, Butkus E, Orentas E. Hierarchical Assembly toward Nanoparticles of a Chiral Palladium Supramolecular Complex Based on Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Framework. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gintautas Bagdžiu̅nas
- Department of Material Science and Electrical Engineering, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Vilnius University, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Naugarduko 24, Vilnius LT-03225, Lithuania
| | - Eugenijus Butkus
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio av. 7, Vilnius, LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Edvinas Orentas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Vilnius University, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Naugarduko 24, Vilnius LT-03225, Lithuania
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5
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Abstract
Over the past few decades, supramolecular chirality in discrete metallosupramolecular architectures has received considerable attention. In this review, a comprehensive summary of discrete, chiral coordination-driven structures, including helices, metallacycles, metallocages, etc., is presented. Although chirality can be introduced prior to, during or even after the coordination self-assembly process, this review puts major emphasis on the more recent development of metallosupramolecular architectures from chiral components, where chirality arises from the enantiopure or racemic scaffolds (bridging or auxiliary ligand). Special attention will be paid to homochiral metallo-assemblies using achiral components where chirality is obtained as a consequence of the twisting of the ligands. Additionally, the potential applications of homochiral metallosupramolecular architectures are also discussed. We hope that this review will be of interest to researchers attempting to design new elaborate homochiral metallosupramolecular architectures with even greater complexity and potential for functions such as chiral recognition, enantiomer separation, asymmetric catalysis, nonlinear sensors, and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
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6
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Jana B, Cera L, Akhuli B, Naskar S, Schalley CA, Ghosh P. Competitive Transmetalation of First-Row Transition-Metal Ions between Trinuclear Triple-Stranded Side-by-Side Helicates. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:12505-12513. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barun Jana
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Luca Cera
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
der Freien Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bidyut Akhuli
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sourenjit Naskar
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Christoph A. Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
der Freien Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pradyut Ghosh
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
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7
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Struch N, Frömbgen C, Schnakenburg G, Lützen A. Diastereoselective Formation of Homochiral Helicates through Subcomponent Self-Assembly. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Struch
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Christopher Frömbgen
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
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8
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Jarzebski A, Tenten C, Bannwarth C, Schnakenburg G, Grimme S, Lützen A. Diastereoselective Self-Assembly of a Neutral Dinuclear Double-Stranded Zinc(II) Helicate via Narcissistic Self-Sorting. Chemistry 2017. [PMID: 28650081 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A new bis(salicylimine) ligand based on the Tröger's base scaffold was synthesized in racemic and enantiomerically pure form. Upon coordination to zinc(II) ions this ligand undergoes highly diastereoselective self-assembly into neutral dinuclear double-stranded helicates as proven by XRD analysis and via comparison of experimental ECD spectra with those simulated with quantum-chemical methods. When the racemic ligand was used, self-assembly occurs under narcissistic self-sorting resulting in the formation of a racemic pair of helicates as revealed by NMR spectroscopy and XRD analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Jarzebski
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Tenten
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
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9
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He C, Wang B, Gao M, Gu Z. Synthesis of Chiral Cleft C,N-Palladium and Iridium Complexes from 2,3:6,7-Dibenzobicyclo[3.3.1]nona-2,6-diene-4,8-dione and Their Synthetic Applications. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Congfa He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingli Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Gu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Jędrzejewska H, Szumna A. Making a Right or Left Choice: Chiral Self-Sorting as a Tool for the Formation of Discrete Complex Structures. Chem Rev 2017; 117:4863-4899. [PMID: 28277655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses chiral self-sorting-the process of choosing an interaction partner with a given chirality from a complex mixture of many possible racemic partners. Chiral self-sorting (also known as chiral self-recognition or chiral self-discrimination) is fundamental for creating functional structures in nature and in the world of chemistry because interactions between molecules of the same or the opposite chirality are characterized by different interaction energies and intrinsically different resulting structures. However, due to the similarity between recognition sites of enantiomers and common conformational lability, high fidelity homochiral or heterochiral self-sorting poses a substantial challenge. Chiral self-sorting occurs among natural and synthetic molecules that leads to the amplification of discrete species. The review covers a variety of complex self-assembled structures ranging from aggregates made of natural and racemic peptides and DNA, through artificial functional receptors, macrocyles, and cages to catalytically active metal complexes and helix mimics. The examples involve a plethora of reversible interactions: electrostatic interactions, π-π stacking, hydrogen bonds, coordination bonds, and dynamic covalent bonds. A generalized view of the examples collected from different fields allows us to suggest suitable geometric models that enable a rationalization of the observed experimental preferences and establishment of the rules that can facilitate further design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Jędrzejewska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szumna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Shanmugaraju S, McAdams D, Pancotti F, Hawes CS, Veale EB, Kitchen JA, Gunnlaugsson T. One-pot facile synthesis of 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide derived Tröger's bases via a nucleophilic displacement approach. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:7321-7329. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01835e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We report here a novel one-pot synthetic strategy for the synthesis of a family of N-alkyl-1,8-naphthalimide derived Tröger's bases (in overall yield of 65–96%) via a nucleophilic substitution reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankarasekaran Shanmugaraju
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Deirdre McAdams
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Francesca Pancotti
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Chris S. Hawes
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Emma B. Veale
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Jonathan A. Kitchen
- Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences
- University of Southampton-Highfield
- Southampton
- UK
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
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12
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Gorczyński A, Harrowfield JM, Patroniak V, Stefankiewicz AR. Quaterpyridines as Scaffolds for Functional Metallosupramolecular Materials. Chem Rev 2016; 116:14620-14674. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Gorczyński
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jack M. Harrowfield
- Institut
de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires
(ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67083 Strasbourg, France
| | - Violetta Patroniak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Artur R. Stefankiewicz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61614 Poznań, Poland
- Centre
for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska
89c, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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13
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Akhuli B, Cera L, Jana B, Saha S, Schalley CA, Ghosh P. Formation and Transmetalation Mechanisms of Homo- and Heterometallic (Fe/Zn) Trinuclear Triple-Stranded Side-by-Side Helicates. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:4231-42. [DOI: 10.1021/ic502855g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bidyut Akhuli
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Luca Cera
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Barun Jana
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Subrata Saha
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Christoph A. Schalley
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pradyut Ghosh
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
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14
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Banerjee S, Bright SA, Smith JA, Burgeat J, Martinez-Calvo M, Williams DC, Kelly JM, Gunnlaugsson T. Supramolecular Approach to Enantioselective DNA Recognition Using Enantiomerically Resolved Cationic 4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide-Based Tröger’s Bases. J Org Chem 2014; 79:9272-83. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501711g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Swagata Banerjee
- School
of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sandra A. Bright
- School
of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jayden A. Smith
- School
of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jeremy Burgeat
- School
of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Miguel Martinez-Calvo
- School
of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - D. Clive Williams
- School
of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - John M. Kelly
- School
of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School
of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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15
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Hovorka R, Meyer-Eppler G, Piehler T, Hytteballe S, Engeser M, Topić F, Rissanen K, Lützen A. Unexpected Self-Assembly of a Homochiral Metallosupramolecular M4L4Catenane. Chemistry 2014; 20:13253-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Gütz C, Hovorka R, Struch N, Bunzen J, Meyer-Eppler G, Qu ZW, Grimme S, Topić F, Rissanen K, Cetina M, Engeser M, Lützen A. Enantiomerically Pure Trinuclear Helicates via Diastereoselective Self-Assembly and Characterization of Their Redox Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:11830-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja506327c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Gütz
- Kekulé-Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Rainer Hovorka
- Kekulé-Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Niklas Struch
- Kekulé-Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Bunzen
- Kekulé-Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Meyer-Eppler
- Kekulé-Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Zheng-Wang Qu
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Filip Topić
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Nanoscience Center, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Nanoscience Center, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Mario Cetina
- Department
of
Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Textile Technology, University of Zagreb, Prilaz baruna Filipovića
28a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marianne Engeser
- Kekulé-Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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17
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Meyer-Eppler G, Topić F, Schnakenburg G, Rissanen K, Lützen A. Chiral Self-Sorting oftrans-Chelating Chiral Ligands upon Formation of PdIIComplexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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18
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Henkelis JJ, Fisher J, Warriner SL, Hardie MJ. Solvent-Dependent Self-Assembly Behaviour and Speciation Control of Pd6L8Metallo-supramolecular Cages. Chemistry 2014; 20:4117-25. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Hovorka R, Hytteballe S, Piehler T, Meyer-Eppler G, Topić F, Rissanen K, Engeser M, Lützen A. Self-assembly of metallosupramolecular rhombi from chiral concave 9,9'-spirobifluorene-derived bis(pyridine) ligands. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:432-41. [PMID: 24605163 PMCID: PMC3943293 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new 9,9'-spirobifluorene-based bis(4-pyridines) were synthesised in enantiopure and one also in racemic form. These ligands act as concave templates and form metallosupramolecular [(dppp)2M2L2] rhombi with cis-protected [(dppp)Pd](2+) and [(dppp)Pt](2+) ions. The self-assembly process of the racemic ligand preferably occurs in a narcissistic self-recognising manner. Hence, a mixture of all three possible stereoisomers [(dppp)2M2{(R)-L}2](OTf)4, [(dppp)2M2{(S)-L}2](OTf)4, and [(dppp)2M2{(R)-L}{(S)-L}](OTf)4 was obtained in an approximate 1.5:1.5:1 ratio which corresponds to an amplification of the homochiral assemblies by a factor of approximately three as evidenced by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The racemic homochiral assemblies could also be characterised by single crystal X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Hovorka
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sophie Hytteballe
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Torsten Piehler
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Meyer-Eppler
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Filip Topić
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Marianne Engeser
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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Gütz C, Hovorka R, Stobe C, Struch N, Topić F, Schnakenburg G, Rissanen K, Lützen A. Self-Sorting Effects in the Self-Assembly of Metallosupramolecular Rhombi from Chiral BINOL-Derived Bis(pyridine) Ligands. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Gütz C, Hovorka R, Schnakenburg G, Lützen A. Homochiral Supramolecular M2L4Cages by High-Fidelity Self-Sorting of Chiral Ligands. Chemistry 2013; 19:10890-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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22
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Meyer-Eppler G, Vogelsang E, Benkhäuser C, Schneider A, Schnakenburg G, Lützen A. Synthesis, Chiral Resolution, and Absolute Configuration of Dissymmetric 4,12-Difunctionalized [2.2]Paracyclophanes. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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23
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Novel motif for bidentate P,N ligands. Application to Pd-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reactions. J Organomet Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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24
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Rúnarsson ÖV, Artacho J, Wärnmark K. The 125thAnniversary of the Tröger's Base Molecule: Synthesis and Applications of Tröger's Base Analogues. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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25
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Ito S, Ono K, Iwasawa N. Controlled Self-Assembly of Multiple Diastereomeric Macrocyclic Boronic Esters Composed of Two Chiral Units. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:13962-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja306249f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Ito
- Department
of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, and JST-CREST, O-okayama, Meguro-ku,
Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Kosuke Ono
- Department
of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, and JST-CREST, O-okayama, Meguro-ku,
Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Iwasawa
- Department
of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, and JST-CREST, O-okayama, Meguro-ku,
Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
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26
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Synthesis and structural characterisation of a Co(II) coordination polymer incorporating a novel dicarboxy-Trögers base/bis-pyrazole mixed ligand system. Inorganica Chim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2012.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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27
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Benkhäuser-Schunk C, Wezisla B, Urbahn K, Kiehne U, Daniels J, Schnakenburg G, Neese F, Lützen A. Synthesis, Chiral Resolution, and Absolute Configuration of Functionalized Tröger’s Base Derivatives: Part II. Chempluschem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201200029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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28
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Elmes RBP, Erby M, Bright SA, Williams DC, Gunnlaugsson T. Photophysical and biological investigation of novel luminescent Ru(ii)-polypyridyl-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger's bases as cellular imaging agents. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:2588-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc17274g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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29
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Cvengroš J, Maennel E, Santschi N. Synthesis and characterization of novel S,N and Se,N homodimetallic Ag(i)-complexes. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:7415-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30509g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
Methods by which helical bimetallic assemblies may be accessed as single isomers are described and reviewed. While there are a number of notable successes, the conclusion is made that no existing approach satisfies the criteria which will allow these fascinating compounds to emerge from the synthetic research laboratory environment to practical application in e.g. healthcare. For this to be achieved the compounds must be optically pure and non-racemising, soluble and chemically stable in water, readily available on a large scale, chemically diverse and synthetically robust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne E Howson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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31
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Cardo L, Sadovnikova V, Phongtongpasuk S, Hodges NJ, Hannon MJ. Arginine conjugates of metallo-supramolecular cylinders prescribe helicity and enhance DNA junction binding and cellular activity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:6575-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc11356a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Glasson CRK, Meehan GV, Motti CA, Clegg JK, Turner P, Jensen P, Lindoy LF. Nickel(ii) and iron(ii) triple helicates assembled from expanded quaterpyridines incorporating flexible linkages. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:12153-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10820d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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He Y, Bian Z, Kang C, Gao L. Self-discriminating and hierarchical assembly of racemic binaphthyl-bisbipyridines and silver ions: from metallocycles to gel nanofibers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:1589-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03192e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Self-Discriminating Self-Assembly of Dinuclear Heterochiral Rhombs from Tröger’s Base Derived Bis(pyridyl) Ligands. Chemistry 2010; 16:2418-26. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200902993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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35
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Bunzen J, Kiehne U, Benkhäuser-Schunk C, Lützen A. Immobilization of Bis(Bipyridine) BINOL Ligands and Their Use in Chiral Resolution. Org Lett 2009; 11:4786-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol901958v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Bunzen
- Kekulé Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulf Kiehne
- Kekulé Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Benkhäuser-Schunk
- Kekulé Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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36
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Veale EB, Frimannsson DO, Lawler M, Gunnlaugsson T. 4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide-Based Tröger’s Bases As High Affinity DNA Targeting Fluorescent Supramolecular Scaffolds. Org Lett 2009; 11:4040-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol9013602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma B. Veale
- School of Chemistry, Center for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland, and School of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Daniel O. Frimannsson
- School of Chemistry, Center for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland, and School of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Mark Lawler
- School of Chemistry, Center for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland, and School of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry, Center for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland, and School of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
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37
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Sergeyev S, Stas S, Remacle A, Vande Velde CM, Dolenský B, Havlík M, Král V, Čejka J. Enantioseparations of non-benzenoid and oligo-Tröger’s bases by HPLC on Whelk O1 column. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2009.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38
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Bunzen J, Hapke M, Lützen A. The Influence of Different Spacer Lengths on the Selectivity of Self-Assembly Processes of Bis(bipyridine)-BINOL Helicates. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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39
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Bunzen J, Hovorka R, Lützen A. Surprising Substituent Effects on the Self-Assembly of Helicates from Bis(bipyridyl) BINOL Ligands. J Org Chem 2009; 74:5228-36. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900254r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Bunzen
- Kekulé Institute of Organic Chemistry und Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Rainer Hovorka
- Kekulé Institute of Organic Chemistry und Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé Institute of Organic Chemistry und Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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40
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Recent Developments in Synthetic Chemistry, Chiral Separations, and Applications ofTröger's Base Analogues. Helv Chim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200800329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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41
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Bunzen J, Bruhn T, Bringmann G, Lützen A. Synthesis and Helicate Formation of a New Family of BINOL-Based Bis(bipyridine) Ligands. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:3621-30. [DOI: 10.1021/ja807780j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Bunzen
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, and Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Bruhn
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, and Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, and Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany, and Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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42
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Weilandt T, Kiehne U, Schnakenburg G, Lützen A. Diastereoselective self-assembly of dinuclear heterochiral metallosupramolecular rhombs in a self-discriminating process. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:2320-2. [DOI: 10.1039/b819335e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Functionalized analogues of Tröger's base: scope and limitations of a general synthetic procedure and facile, predictable method for the separation of enantiomers. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.04.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Hapke M, Brandt L, Lützen A. Versatile tools in the construction of substituted 2,2′-bipyridines—cross-coupling reactions with tin, zinc and boron compounds. Chem Soc Rev 2008; 37:2782-97. [DOI: 10.1039/b810973g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Rang A, Nieger M, Engeser M, Lützen A, Schalley CA. Self-assembling squares with amino acid-decorated bipyridines: heterochiral self-sorting of dynamically interconverting diastereomers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:4789-91. [DOI: 10.1039/b806916f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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