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Dohle W, Asiki H, Gruchot W, Foster PA, Sahota HK, Bai R, Christensen KE, Hamel E, Potter BVL. 2-Difluoromethoxy-Substituted Estratriene Sulfamates: Synthesis, Antiproliferative SAR, Antitubulin Activity, and Steroid Sulfatase Inhibition. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200408. [PMID: 36109340 PMCID: PMC9742152 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
2-Difluoromethoxyestratriene derivatives were designed to improve potency and in vivo stability of the drug candidate 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2). Compound evaluation in vitro against the proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA MB-231 breast cancer cells, as inhibitors of tubulin polymerisation and also steroid sulfatase (STS) both in cell lysates and in whole cells, showed promising activities. In antiproliferative assays 2-difluoromethoxyestradiol was less potent than 2ME2, but its sulfamates were often more potent than their corresponding non-fluorinated analogues. The fluorinated bis-sulfamate is a promising antiproliferative agent in MCF-7 cells (GI50 0.28 μM) vs the known 2-methoxyestradiol-3,17-O,O-bissulfamate (STX140, GI50 0.52 μM), confirming the utility of our approach. Compounds were also evaluated in the NCI 60-cell line panel and the fluorinated bis-sulfamate derivative displayed very good overall activities with a sub-micromolar average GI50 . It was a very potent STS inhibitor in whole JEG-3 cells (IC50 3.7 nM) similar to STX140 (4.2 nM) and additionally interferes with tubulin assembly in vitro and colchicine binding to tubulin. An X-ray study of 2-difluoromethoxy-3-benzyloxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-one examined conformational aspects of the fluorinated substituent. The known related derivative 2-difluoromethyl-3-sulfamoyloxyestrone was evaluated for STS inhibition in whole JEG-3 cells and showed an excellent IC50 of 55 pM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Dohle
- Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Hannah Asiki
- Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Wojciech Gruchot
- Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Paul A Foster
- Institute of Metabolism & Systems Research, University of Birmingham, 2nd Floor IBR Tower Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Birmingham, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Havreen K Sahota
- Institute of Metabolism & Systems Research, University of Birmingham, 2nd Floor IBR Tower Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ruoli Bai
- Molecular Pharmacology Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Kirsten E Christensen
- Chemical Crystallography, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Molecular Pharmacology Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Barry V L Potter
- Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
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An F, Maji B, Min E, Ofial AR, Mayr H. Basicities and Nucleophilicities of Pyrrolidines and Imidazolidinones Used as Organocatalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:1526-1547. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng An
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Biplab Maji
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Min
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Armin R. Ofial
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Herbert Mayr
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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Um IH, Bae AR, Dust JM. Kinetic study on aminolysis of aryl X-substituted-cinnamates in acetonitrile: differential medium effect determines reactivity and reaction mechanism. CAN J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2018-0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A kinetic study on nucleophilic substitution reactions of 2,4-dinitrophenyl X-substituted-cinnamates (1a–1f) and Y-substituted-phenyl cinnamates (2a–2g) with a series of alicyclic secondary amines in MeCN at 25.0 ± 0.1 °C is reported. The Brønsted-type plots for the reactions of 1a–1f are linear with βnuc = 0.47∼0.50, indicating that the bond formation between the amine nucleophile and the electrophilic center is advanced slightly in the transition state. The Brønsted-type plot for the reactions of 2a–2g with piperidine is also linear with βlg = –0.66, which is a typical βlg value for reactions reported previously to proceed through a concerted mechanism. Furthermore, the Hammett plot correlated with σ– constants results in much better linearity than that correlated with σo constants, implying that expulsion of the leaving group is advanced in the rate-determining step (RDS). Thus, the reactions are concluded to proceed through a concerted mechanism. The Hammett plots for the reactions of 1a–1f consist of two intersecting straight lines, whereas the corresponding Yukawa–Tsuno plots exhibit excellent linear correlations with ρX = 0.62∼0.71 and r = 0.65∼0.68. Apparently, the nonlinear Hammett plots are not due to a change in the reaction mechanism (or the RDS) but are caused by stabilization of the substrate possessing an electron-donating group (EDG) in the cinnamoyl moiety through resonance interactions between the EDG and the C=O bond of the substrate. Medium effects on reactivity and reaction mechanism are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik-Hwan Um
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Ae-Ri Bae
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Julian M. Dust
- Departments of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Grenfell Campus-Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada
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Lu X, Li XX, Seo MS, Lee YM, Clémancey M, Maldivi P, Latour JM, Sarangi R, Fukuzumi S, Nam W. A Mononuclear Nonheme Iron(IV)-Amido Complex Relevant for the Compound II Chemistry of Cytochrome P450. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:80-83. [PMID: 30558411 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A mononuclear nonheme iron(IV)-amido complex bearing a tetraamido macrocyclic ligand, [(TAML)FeIV(NHTs)]- (1), was synthesized via a hydrogen atom (H atom) abstraction reaction of an iron(V)-imido complex, [(TAML)FeV(NTs)]- (2), and fully characterized using various spectroscopies. We then investigated (1) the p Ka of 1, (2) the reaction of 1 with a carbon-centered radical, and (3) the H atom abstraction reaction of 1. To the best of our knowledge, the present study reports for the first time the synthesis and chemical properties/reactions of a high-valent iron(IV)-amido complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea
| | - Xiao-Xi Li
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea
| | - Mi Sook Seo
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea
| | - Yong-Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea
| | - Martin Clémancey
- Université Grenoble Alpes , CEA, CNRS, BIG, LCBM , Grenoble F-38000 , France
| | - Pascale Maldivi
- Université Grenoble Alpes , CEA, CNRS, INAC, SYMMES , Grenoble F-38000 , France
| | - Jean-Marc Latour
- Université Grenoble Alpes , CEA, CNRS, BIG, LCBM , Grenoble F-38000 , France
| | - Ritimukta Sarangi
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Stanford , California 94025 , United States
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea.,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000 , China
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Um IH, Song JH, Bae AR, Dust JM. Unexpected medium effect on the mechanism for aminolysis of aryl phenyl carbonates in acetonitrile and H2O: transition-state structure in the catalytic pathway. CAN J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2018-0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Upward curvature in the kinetic plots of pseudo first-order rate constants (kobsd) vs. [amine] for the aminolysis of aryl phenyl carbonates (5a–5j) in MeCN demonstrates that these reactions proceed via a zwitterionic tetrahedral intermediate (T±) that partitions between catalyzed and uncatalyzed routes to give the products. Yukawa–Tsuno plots for the reactions of 5a–5j with piperidine result in excellent linear correlations with ρY = 4.82 and r = 0.47 for the uncatalyzed reaction versus ρY = 2.21 and r = 0.21 for the catalyzed reaction. Brønsted plots for reactions of 4-(ethoxycarbonyl)-phenyl phenyl carbonate (5f) with a series of cyclic secondary amines exhibit excellent linear correlations with βnuc = 0.87 and 0.58 for the uncatalyzed and catalyzed reactions, respectively. The ΔH‡ and ΔS‡ values are 0.92 kcal/mol and –50.1 cal/mol K, respectively, for the catalyzed reaction of 5f with piperidine. Deuterium kinetic isotope effects found for reactions of 5f with piperidine/deuterated piperidine are 0.84 (uncatalyzed) and 1.42 (catalyzed). Multi-parameter analysis supports a concerted catalytic pathway involving a six-membered cyclic transition state rather than a traditionally accepted stepwise pathway with an anionic intermediate. The current unexpected results, where T± is the essential central intermediate in this aminolysis, contrast with previous calculation studies that deemed T± unstable in gas phase or MeCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik-Hwan Um
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Song
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Ae-Ri Bae
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Julian M. Dust
- Departments of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Grenfell Campus – Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada
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Um IH, Kim MY, Dust JM. Medium effect (water versus MeCN) on reactivity and reaction pathways for the SNAr reaction of 1-aryloxy-2,4-dinitrobenzenes with cyclic secondary amines. CAN J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2017-0454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A kinetic study on SNAr reactions of 1-aryloxy-2,4-dinitrobenzenes (1a–1h) with a series of cyclic secondary amines in 80 mol% water – 20 mol% DMSO at 25.0 ± 0.1 °C is reported. The plots of kobsd versus amine concentration curve upward except for the reactions of substrates possessing a strong electron-withdrawing group in the leaving aryloxide with strongly basic piperidine. The curved plots indicate that the reactions proceed through both uncatalytic and catalytic routes. Linear Brønsted-type plots have been obtained for the uncatalyzed and catalyzed reactions of 1-(4-nitrophenoxy)-2,4-dinitrobenzene (1a) with βnuc = 0.84 and 0.78, respectively. The Yukawa–Tsuno plot for the uncatalyzed reactions of 1a–1h with piperidine results in an excellent linear correlation with ρ = 1.66 and r = 0.31. In contrast, rate constants for catalyzed reactions are independent of the electronic nature of the substituent in the leaving group. The current SNAr reactions have been proposed to proceed via a zwitterionic intermediate (MC±) that partitions to products through uncatalytic and catalytic routes. The catalyzed reaction from MC± has been concluded to proceed through a concerted mechanism with a six-membered cyclic transition state (TScycl) rather than via a stepwise pathway with a discrete anionic intermediate (MC−), the traditionally accepted mechanism. Medium effects on the reactivity and reaction mechanism are discussed. Particularly, hydrogen bonding of the amines to water precludes formation of kinetically significant dimers found in some aprotic solvents; no explicit role for water in the catalytic transition state is required or proposed. The specific stabilization of the leaving aryloxides substituted with strong electron-withdrawing groups accounts for the lack of the catalytic pathway in these systems (1a–1c) with piperidine nucleophile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik-Hwan Um
- Department of Chemistry, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Min-Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Julian M. Dust
- Departments of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada
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Um IH, Kim MY, Bae AR, Dust JM, Buncel E. Evidence for a Catalytic Six-Membered Cyclic Transition State in Aminolysis of 4-Nitrophenyl 3,5-Dinitrobenzoate in Acetonitrile: Comparative Brønsted-Type Plot, Entropy of Activation, and Deuterium Kinetic Isotope Effects. J Org Chem 2014; 80:217-22. [PMID: 25438168 DOI: 10.1021/jo502303f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ik-Hwan Um
- Department
of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Min-Young Kim
- Department
of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Ae-Ri Bae
- Department
of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Julian M. Dust
- Departments
of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, Newfoundland
and Labrador A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Erwin Buncel
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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Spillane W, Malaubier JB. Sulfamic Acid and Its N- and O-Substituted Derivatives. Chem Rev 2013; 114:2507-86. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400230c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- William Spillane
- School
of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jean-Baptiste Malaubier
- Manufacturing Science
and
Technology, Roche Ireland Limited, Clarecastle, Co. Clare, Ireland
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Brandão TAS. Linear correlation between effective charge and bond length sensitivity to electronic effects in phosphoryl, sulfonyl, and sulfuryl compounds. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago A. S. Brandão
- Departamento de Química, ICEX; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
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Reuillon T, Bertoli A, Griffin RJ, Miller DC, Golding BT. Efficacious N-protection of O-aryl sulfamates with 2,4-dimethoxybenzyl groups. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:7610-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26057c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Spillane WJ, Thea S, Cevasco G, Hynes MJ, McCaw CJA, Maguire NP. Mechanisms of hydrolysis of phenyl- and benzyl 4-nitrophenyl-sulfamate esters. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:523-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00362j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Spillane WJ, Malaubier JB. Mechanism of the hydrolysis of the sulfamate EMATE—an irreversible steroid sulfatase inhibitor. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) Study with a Series of 17α-Derivatives of Estradiol: Model for the Development of Reversible Steroid Sulfatase Inhibitors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200960028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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