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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Jeon
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34114 Republic of Korea
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2
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Tyler JL, Noble A, Aggarwal VK. Strain-Release Driven Spirocyclization of Azabicyclo[1.1.0]butyl Ketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11824-11829. [PMID: 33754432 PMCID: PMC8251566 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to their intrinsic rigidity, three-dimensionality and structural novelty, spirocyclic molecules have become increasingly sought-after moieties in drug discovery. Herein, we report a strain-release driven synthesis of azetidine-containing spirocycles by harnessing the inherent ring strain of the azabicyclo[1.1.0]butane (ABB) fragment. Novel ABB-ketone precursors bearing silyl-protected alcohols were synthesized in a single step and shown to engage in electrophile-induced spirocyclization-desilylation reactions. Primary, secondary and tertiary silyl ethers were effectively transformed into a library of new spiro-azetidines, with a range of substituents and ring sizes. In addition, the products are generated with synthetically useful ketone and protected-amine functional groups, which provides the potential for further elaboration and for this chemistry to be utilized in the rapid assembly of medicinally relevant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper L. Tyler
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - Adam Noble
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
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3
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Tyler JL, Noble A, Aggarwal VK. Strain‐Release Driven Spirocyclization of Azabicyclo[1.1.0]butyl Ketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasper L. Tyler
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Adam Noble
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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Shennan BDA, Smith PW, Ogura Y, Dixon DJ. A modular and divergent approach to spirocyclic pyrrolidines. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10354-10360. [PMID: 34094297 PMCID: PMC8162384 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03676e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient three-step sequence to afford a valuable class of spirocyclic pyrrolidines is reported. A reductive cleavage/Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons cascade facilitates the spirocyclisation of a range of isoxazolines bearing a distal β-ketophosphonate. The spirocyclisation precursors are elaborated in a facile and modular fashion, via a [3 + 2]-cycloaddition followed by the condensation of a phosphonate ester, introducing multiple points of divergence. The synthetic utility of this protocol has been demonstrated in the synthesis of a broad family of 1-azaspiro[4,4]nonanes and in a concise formal synthesis of the natural product (±)-cephalotaxine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D A Shennan
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Peter W Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Yusuke Ogura
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Darren J Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
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Pérard-Viret J, Quteishat L, Alsalim R, Royer J, Dumas F. Cephalotaxus Alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2017; 78:205-352. [PMID: 28838429 PMCID: PMC7110560 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cephalotaxus alkaloids represent a family of plant secondary metabolites known for 60 years. Significant activity against leukemia in mice was demonstrated for extracts of Cephalotaxus. Cephalotaxine (CET) (1), the major alkaloid of this series was isolated from Cephalotaxus drupacea species by Paudler in 1963. The subsequent discovery of promising antitumor activity among new Cephalotaxus derivatives reported by Chinese, Japanese, and American teams triggered extensive structure elucidation and biological studies in this family. The structural feature of this cephalotaxane family relies mainly on its tetracyclic alkaloid backbone, which comprises an azaspiranic 1-azaspiro[4.4]nonane unit (rings C and D) and a benzazepine ring system (rings A and B), which is linked by its C3 alcohol function to a chiral oxygenated side chain by a carboxylic function alpha to a tetrasubstituted carbon center. The botanical distribution of these alkaloids is limited to the Cephalotaxus genus (Cephalotaxaceae). The scope of biological activities of the Cephalotaxus alkaloids is mainly centered on the antileukemic activity of homoharringtonine (HHT) (2), which in particular demonstrated marked benefits in the treatment of orphan myeloid leukemia and was approved as soon as 2009 by European Medicine Agency and by US Food and Drug Administration in 2012. Its exact mechanism of action was partly elucidated and it was early recognized that HHT (2) inhibited protein synthesis at the level of the ribosome machinery. Interestingly, after a latency period of two decades, the topic of Cephalotaxus alkaloids reemerged as a prolific source of new natural structures. To date, more than 70 compounds have been identified and characterized. Synthetic studies also regained attention during the past two decades, and numerous methodologies were developed to access the first semisynthetic HHT (2) of high purity suitable for clinical studies, and then high grade enantiomerically pure CET (1), HHT (2), and analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Pérard-Viret
- Université Paris Descartes, CNRS, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laith Quteishat
- Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Rana Alsalim
- Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jacques Royer
- Université Paris Descartes, CNRS, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Françoise Dumas
- Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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6
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Pearson-Long MSM, Boeda F, Bertus P. Double Addition of Organometallics to Nitriles: Toward an Access to Tertiary Carbinamines. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morwenna S. M. Pearson-Long
- Université du Maine; Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), CNRS UMR 6283; 72085 Le Mans Cedex 09 France
| | - Fabien Boeda
- Université du Maine; Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), CNRS UMR 6283; 72085 Le Mans Cedex 09 France
| | - Philippe Bertus
- Université du Maine; Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), CNRS UMR 6283; 72085 Le Mans Cedex 09 France
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Coffinet M, Jaroschik F, Vasse JL. Zirconocenes vs. Alanes: a Crucial Choice of the Allyl Source for Highly Diastereoselective Allylzincation of Nonracemic Chiral Imines. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Kuznetsov NY, Bubnov YN. Ruthenium-catalyzed intramolecular metathesis of dienes and its application in the synthesis of bridged and spiro azabicycles. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Carreira EM, Fessard TC. Four-Membered Ring-Containing Spirocycles: Synthetic Strategies and Opportunities. Chem Rev 2014; 114:8257-322. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500127b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 364] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erick M. Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, and ‡SpiroChem AG, ETH-Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg
3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas C. Fessard
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, and ‡SpiroChem AG, ETH-Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg
3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Malik M, Witkowski G, Ceborska M, Jarosz S. Synthesis of Polyhydroxylated Quinolizidines and Azaspiro[4.5]decanes from d-Xylose. Org Lett 2013; 15:6214-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol403063v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Malik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, and Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Witkowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, and Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Ceborska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, and Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Jarosz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, and Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Xiao KJ, Luo JM, Xia XE, Wang Y, Huang PQ. General One-Pot Reductivegem-Bis-Alkylation of Tertiary Lactams/Amides: Rapid Construction of 1-Azaspirocycles and Formal Total Synthesis of (±)-Cephalotaxine. Chemistry 2013; 19:13075-86. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Ramadhar TR, Bansagi J, Batey RA. Mild double allylboration reactions of nitriles and acid anhydrides using potassium allyltrifluoroborate. J Org Chem 2013; 78:1216-21. [PMID: 23214971 DOI: 10.1021/jo302194n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The double allylboration of nitriles and acid anhydrides to form bis-allyl amines and esters, respectively, can be achieved through the use of potassium allyltrifluoroborate in the presence of boron trifluoride etherate at room temperature. The method described is relatively mild, exhibits chemoselectivity to other electrophiles present, avoids the use of metals, and features the use of an operationally stable and robust potassium organotrifluoroborate reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Ramadhar
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3H6
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Zhang QW, Xiang K, Tu YQ, Zhang SY, Zhang XM, Zhao YM, Zhang TC. Formal synthesis of (-)-cephalotaxine based on a tandem hydroamination/semipinacol rearrangement reaction. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:894-8. [PMID: 22383373 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201101029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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Abdelkafi H, Nay B. Natural products from Cephalotaxus sp.: chemical diversity and synthetic aspects. Nat Prod Rep 2012; 29:845-69. [DOI: 10.1039/c2np20037f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Construction of mononitrogen heterocycles with a combined system of 1-azaspiro[4.n]alkene and 3-benzazocine fragments through the intramolecular eight-membered Heck cyclization. Russ Chem Bull 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-010-0252-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2008. Coord Chem Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2009.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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20
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Zhao YM, Gu P, Zhang HJ, Zhang QW, Fan CA, Tu YQ, Zhang FM. Formal Syntheses of (±)-Stemonamine and (±)-Cephalotaxine. J Org Chem 2009; 74:3211-3. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900113s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Peiming Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Chun-An Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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