1
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Kumar MP, G M, Amaladass P, Manikandan C, Dhayalan V. Recent synthetic strategies for the construction of functionalized carbazoles and their heterocyclic motifs enabled by Lewis acids. RSC Adv 2023; 13:32596-32626. [PMID: 37936643 PMCID: PMC10626344 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06396h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This article demonstrates recent innovative cascade annulation methods for preparing functionalized carbazoles and their related polyaromatic heterocyclic compounds enabled by Lewis acid catalysts. Highly substituted carbazole scaffolds were synthesized via Lewis acid mediated Friedel-Crafts arylation, electrocyclization, intramolecular cyclization, cycloaddition, C-N bond-formations, aromatization and cascade domino reactions, metal-catalyzed, iodine catalyzed reactions and multi-component reactions. This review article mainly focuses on Lewis acid-mediated recent synthetic methods to access a variety of electron-rich and electron-poor functional groups substituted carbazole frameworks in one-pot reactions. Polyaromatic carbazole and their related nitrogen-based heterocyclic compounds were found in several synthetic applications in pharma industries, energy devices, and materials sciences. Moreover, the review paper briefly summarised new synthetic strategies of carbazole preparation approaches will assist academic and pharma industries in identifying innovative protocols for producing poly-functionalized carbazoles and related highly complex heterocyclic compounds and discovering active pharmaceutical drugs or carbazole-based alkaloids and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marappan Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry Karaikal-609609 Union Territory Puducherry India https://vasudeva49.wixsite.com/catalysislab
| | - Mahantesh G
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry Karaikal-609609 Union Territory Puducherry India https://vasudeva49.wixsite.com/catalysislab
| | - P Amaladass
- Department of Chemistry, Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Science Madanapalle 517325 Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Chitrarasu Manikandan
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry Karaikal-609609 Union Territory Puducherry India https://vasudeva49.wixsite.com/catalysislab
| | - Vasudevan Dhayalan
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry Karaikal-609609 Union Territory Puducherry India https://vasudeva49.wixsite.com/catalysislab
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2
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Reddy CR, Srinivasu E, Sathish P, Subbarao M, Donthiri RR. One-Pot Arylative Benzannulation of 2-Carbonyl-3-propargyl Indoles with Boronic Acids Leading to Arylated Carbazoles. J Org Chem 2021; 86:1118-1132. [PMID: 33322899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Arylative annulation of 2-carbonyl-3-propargyl indoles with boronic acids under sequential palladium/triflic acid catalysis is described. The present strategy to provide di- and triaryl carbazoles in one pot involves benzannulation through difunctionalization of alkynes. The strategy showed a good substrate scope with respect to boronic acids as well as 2-carbonyl-3-propargyl indoles to afford the corresponding carbazoles in decent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chada Raji Reddy
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ejjirotu Srinivasu
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Puppala Sathish
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Muppidi Subbarao
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ramachandra Reddy Donthiri
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
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3
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Chen S, Li Y, Ni P, Yang B, Huang H, Deng GJ. One-Pot Cascade Synthesis of Substituted Carbazoles from Indoles, Ketones, and Alkenes Using Oxygen as the Oxidant. J Org Chem 2017; 82:2935-2942. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanping Chen
- Key Laboratory
of Environmentally
Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Yuxia Li
- Key Laboratory
of Environmentally
Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Penghui Ni
- Key Laboratory
of Environmentally
Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Baichuan Yang
- Key Laboratory
of Environmentally
Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Huawen Huang
- Key Laboratory
of Environmentally
Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory
of Environmentally
Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
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4
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Pace WH, Mo D, Reidl TW, Wink DJ, Anderson LL. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Dihydropyrido[1,2‐
a
]indoles from Nitrones and Allenoates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wiktoria H. Pace
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Dong‐Liang Mo
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Tyler W. Reidl
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Donald J. Wink
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Laura L. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
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5
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Pace WH, Mo D, Reidl TW, Wink DJ, Anderson LL. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Dihydropyrido[1,2‐
a
]indoles from Nitrones and Allenoates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:9183-6. [PMID: 27346675 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wiktoria H. Pace
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Dong‐Liang Mo
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Tyler W. Reidl
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Donald J. Wink
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Laura L. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
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6
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Zhang M, Ruan W, Zhang HJ, Li W, Wen TB. Synthesis of α-Aminonaphthalenes via Copper-Catalyzed Aminobenzannulation of (o-Alkynyl)arylketones with Amines. J Org Chem 2016; 81:1696-703. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Wenqing Ruan
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Ting-Bin Wen
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, P. R. China
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7
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Raji Reddy C, Rani Valleti R, Dilipkumar U. One-Pot Sequential Propargylation/Cycloisomerization: A Facile [4+2]-Benzannulation Approach to Carbazoles. Chemistry 2016; 22:2501-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chada Raji Reddy
- Division of Natural Products Chemistry; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Tarnaka Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - Reddi Rani Valleti
- Division of Natural Products Chemistry; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Tarnaka Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - Uredi Dilipkumar
- Division of Natural Products Chemistry; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Tarnaka Hyderabad 500007 India
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8
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Dell'Acqua M, Ronda L, Piano R, Pellegrino S, Clerici F, Rossi E, Mozzarelli A, Gelmi ML, Abbiati G. MediaChrom: Discovering a Class of Pyrimidoindolone-Based Polarity-Sensitive Dyes. J Org Chem 2015; 80:10939-54. [PMID: 26473465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A small library of six polarity-sensitive fluorescent dyes, nicknamed MediaChrom, was prepared. This class of dyes is characterized by a pyrimidoindolone core fitted out with a conjugated push-pull system and a carboxy linker for a conceivable coupling with biomolecules. The optimized eight-step synthetic strategy involves a highly chemo- and regioselective gold-catalyzed cycloisomerization reaction. The photophysical properties of MediaChrom dyes have been evaluated in-depth. In particular, the MediaChrom bearing a diethylamino as an electron-donating group and a trifluoromethyl as an electron-withdrawing group displays the most interesting and advantageous spectroscopic features (e.g., absorption and emission in the visible range and a good quantum yield). Promising results in terms of sensitivity have been obtained in vitro on this dye as a membrane/lipophilic probe and as a peptide fluorescent label.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Dell'Acqua
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Venezian, 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Sara Pellegrino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Venezian, 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Clerici
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Venezian, 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Rossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Venezian, 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | | | - Maria Luisa Gelmi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Venezian, 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Abbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Venezian, 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
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9
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Trose M, Dell’Acqua M, Pedrazzini T, Pirovano V, Gallo E, Rossi E, Caselli A, Abbiati G. [Silver(I)(Pyridine-Containing Ligand)] Complexes As Unusual Catalysts for A3-Coupling Reactions. J Org Chem 2014; 79:7311-20. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500981r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Trose
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A.
Marchesini”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via
Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, and CNR−Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Monica Dell’Acqua
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A.
Marchesini”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via
Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Tommaso Pedrazzini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, and CNR−Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Pirovano
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A.
Marchesini”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via
Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Emma Gallo
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, and CNR−Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Rossi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A.
Marchesini”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via
Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Caselli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, and CNR−Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Abbiati
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A.
Marchesini”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via
Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
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10
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Dell’Acqua M, Castano B, Cecchini C, Pedrazzini T, Pirovano V, Rossi E, Caselli A, Abbiati G. Mild Regiospecific Synthesis of 1-Alkoxy-isochromenes Catalyzed by Well-Defined [Silver(I)(Pyridine-Containing Ligand)] Complexes. J Org Chem 2014; 79:3494-505. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5002559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Dell’Acqua
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A.
Marchesini”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via
Venezian, 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Brunilde Castano
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi,
19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Clara Cecchini
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A.
Marchesini”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via
Venezian, 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Tommaso Pedrazzini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi,
19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Pirovano
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A.
Marchesini”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via
Venezian, 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Rossi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A.
Marchesini”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via
Venezian, 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Caselli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi,
19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Abbiati
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A.
Marchesini”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via
Venezian, 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
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11
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Gianino JB, Ashfeld BL. Titanocene-catalyzed multicomponent coupling approach to diarylethynyl methanes. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:18217-20. [PMID: 23082873 DOI: 10.1021/ja308891e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A titanocene-catalyzed multicomponent coupling to provide diarylethynyl methanes is described. By combining the multifunctionality of Cp(2)TiCl(2) with the traceless dielectrophilicity of aryl aldehydes, all-carbon tertiary centers are obtained in 55-99% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B Gianino
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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12
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Schmidt AW, Reddy KR, Knölker HJ. Occurrence, Biogenesis, and Synthesis of Biologically Active Carbazole Alkaloids. Chem Rev 2012; 112:3193-328. [PMID: 22480243 DOI: 10.1021/cr200447s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 899] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arndt W. Schmidt
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden,
Bergstrasse 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kethiri R. Reddy
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden,
Bergstrasse 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden,
Bergstrasse 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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13
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Zhang DH, Zhang Z, Shi M. Transition metal-catalyzed carbocyclization of nitrogen and oxygen-tethered 1,n-enynes and diynes: synthesis of five or six-membered heterocyclic compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:10271-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc34739c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Facoetti D, Abbiati G, Dell’Acqua M, Rossi E. InCl3-assisted one-pot synthesis of 1-aminocarbazoles. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.06.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Mo H, Bao W. A DDQ-promoted metal-free cross-coupling of 1,3-diarylpropynes with hydroxyl via Sp3 C–H bond activation to form C–O bond. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Zhang Z, Shi M. Titanium(IV) Chloride-Mediated Carbocyclization of 1,6-Enynes: Selective Synthesis of 3-Azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes and Functionalized Allenes by Controlling the Reaction Temperature. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Patil DV, Cavitt MA, Grzybowski P, France S. An efficient synthesis of hydropyrido[1,2-a]indole-6(7H)-ones via an In(iii)-catalyzed tandem cyclopropane ring-opening/Friedel–Crafts alkylation sequence. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:10278-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc14131g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Sureshbabu R, Saravanan V, Dhayalan V, Mohanakrishnan AK. Lewis Acid Mediated One-Pot Synthesis of Aryl/Heteroaryl-Fused Carbazoles Involving a Cascade Friedel-Crafts Alkylation/Electrocyclization/Aromatization Reaction Sequence. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Dolušić E, Larrieu P, Blanc S, Sapunaric F, Norberg B, Moineaux L, Colette D, Stroobant V, Pilotte L, Colau D, Ferain T, Fraser G, Galleni M, Galeni M, Frère JM, Masereel B, Van den Eynde B, Wouters J, Frédérick R. Indol-2-yl ethanones as novel indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 19:1550-61. [PMID: 21269836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a heme dioxygenase which has been shown to be involved in the pathological immune escape of diseases such as cancer. The synthesis and structure-activity relationships (SAR) of a novel series of IDO inhibitors based on the indol-2-yl ethanone scaffold is described. In vitro and in vivo biological activities have been evaluated, leading to compounds with IC(50) values in the micromolar range in both tests. Introduction of small substituents in the 5- and 6-positions of the indole ring, indole N-methylation and variations of the aromatic side chain are all well tolerated. An iron coordinating group on the linker is a prerequisite for biological activity, thus corroborating the virtual screening results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Dolušić
- Drug design and Discovery Center, University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
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21
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Xia XF, Shu XZ, Ji KG, Yang YF, Shaukat A, Liu XY, Liang YM. Platinum-Catalyzed Michael Addition and Cyclization of Tertiary Amines with Nitroolefins by Dehydrogenation of α,β-sp3 C−H Bonds. J Org Chem 2010; 75:2893-902. [DOI: 10.1021/jo100133z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Zhong Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Gong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Fang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ali Shaukat
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Min Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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22
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Jin T, Yang F, Yamamoto Y. Benzannulation from Alkyne without Metallic Catalysts at Room Temperature to 100 °C. Org Lett 2009; 12:388-90. [DOI: 10.1021/ol902742u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tienan Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan and WPI-AIMR (WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan and WPI-AIMR (WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan and WPI-AIMR (WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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