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Seager S, Petkowski JJ, Seager MD, Grimes JH, Zinsli Z, Vollmer-Snarr HR, Abd El-Rahman MK, Wishart DS, Lee BL, Gautam V, Herrington L, Bains W, Darrow C. Year-Long Stability of Nucleic Acid Bases in Concentrated Sulfuric Acid: Implications for the Persistence of Organic Chemistry in Venus' Clouds. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:538. [PMID: 38792560 PMCID: PMC11121801 DOI: 10.3390/life14050538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
We show that the nucleic acid bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, and uracil, as well as 2,6-diaminopurine, and the "core" nucleic acid bases purine and pyrimidine, are stable for more than one year in concentrated sulfuric acid at room temperature and at acid concentrations relevant for Venus clouds (81% w/w to 98% w/w acid, the rest water). This work builds on our initial stability studies and is the first ever to test the reactivity and structural integrity of organic molecules subjected to extended incubation in concentrated sulfuric acid. The one-year-long stability of nucleic acid bases supports the notion that the Venus cloud environment-composed of concentrated sulfuric acid-may be able to support complex organic chemicals for extended periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Seager
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; (J.J.P.); (L.H.)
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Nanoplanet Consulting, Concord, MA 01742, USA
| | - Janusz J. Petkowski
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; (J.J.P.); (L.H.)
- JJ Scientific, 02-792 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maxwell D. Seager
- Nanoplanet Consulting, Concord, MA 01742, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA
| | - John H. Grimes
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Zachary Zinsli
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA (H.R.V.-S.)
| | - Heidi R. Vollmer-Snarr
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA (H.R.V.-S.)
| | - Mohamed K. Abd El-Rahman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA (H.R.V.-S.)
| | - David S. Wishart
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
- Department of Computing Science, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Studies, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Studies, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada
| | - Brian L. Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Vasuk Gautam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Lauren Herrington
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; (J.J.P.); (L.H.)
| | - William Bains
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; (J.J.P.); (L.H.)
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, 4 The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK
- Rufus Scientific, Melbourn, Herts SG8 6ED, UK
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Latypov SK, Kondrashova SA, Galyametdinova IV, Semenov VE, Reznik VS. Hydrogen's isotopic exchange reaction in the C-methyl sides in the medicinal agent xymedon: NMR spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shamil K. Latypov
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan Scientific Center; Russian Academy of Sciences; Kazan Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana A. Kondrashova
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan Scientific Center; Russian Academy of Sciences; Kazan Russian Federation
- Kazan Federal University; Kazan Russian Federation
| | - Irina V. Galyametdinova
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan Scientific Center; Russian Academy of Sciences; Kazan Russian Federation
| | - Vyacheslav E. Semenov
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan Scientific Center; Russian Academy of Sciences; Kazan Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir S. Reznik
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan Scientific Center; Russian Academy of Sciences; Kazan Russian Federation
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Araújo JMM, Pereiro AB, Canongia Lopes JN, Rebelo LPN, Marrucho IM. Hydrogen-Bonding and the Dissolution Mechanism of Uracil in an Acetate Ionic Liquid: New Insights from NMR Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Calculations. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:4109-20. [DOI: 10.1021/jp400749j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- João M. M. Araújo
- Instituto de Tecnologia
Química
e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Apartado 127, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana B. Pereiro
- Instituto de Tecnologia
Química
e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Apartado 127, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - José N. Canongia Lopes
- Instituto de Tecnologia
Química
e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Apartado 127, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisboa,
Portugal
| | - Luís P. N. Rebelo
- Instituto de Tecnologia
Química
e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Apartado 127, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Isabel M. Marrucho
- Instituto de Tecnologia
Química
e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Apartado 127, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- Departamento de
Química,
CICECO, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193
Aveiro, Portugal
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