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Roncero AM, Tobal IE, Moro RF, Diez D, Marcos IS. Halimanes and cancer: ent-halimic acid as a starting material for the synthesis of antitumor drugs. Front Chem 2023; 11:1225355. [PMID: 37674527 PMCID: PMC10477373 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1225355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of new anti-cancer agents is an urgent necessity nowadays, as it is one of the major causes of mortality worldwide. Many drugs currently used are derived from natural products. Halimanes are a class of bicyclic diterpenoids present in various plants and microorganisms. Many of them exhibit biological activities such as antitumor, antimicrobial, or anti-inflammatory. Among them, ent-halimic acid is an easily accessible compound, in large quantities, from the ethyl acetate extract of the plant Halimium viscosum, and it has been used as a starting material in a number of bioactive molecules. In this work, we review all the natural halimanes with antitumor and related activities until date as well as the synthesis of antitumor compounds using ent-halimic acid as a starting material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Isidro S. Marcos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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Wu X, Xuan J, Yu Q, Wu W, Lu Y, Zhu Q, Chen Z, Qi J. Converting Tretinoin into Ionic Liquids for Improving Aqueous Solubility and Permeability across Skin. Pharm Res 2022; 39:2421-2430. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03238-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Huerta-Ángeles G, Brandejsová M, Štěpán P, Pavlík V, Starigazdová J, Orzol P, Kopecká K, Halamková P, Kulhánek J, Velebný V. Retinoic acid grafted to hyaluronan for skin delivery: Synthesis, stability studies, and biological evaluation. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 231:115733. [PMID: 31888823 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) was grafted to hyaluronan (HA) via esterification. The reaction was mediated by mixed anhydrides. A perfect control of the degree of substitution (0.5-7.5%) was obtained by varying the molar ratio of retinoic acid in the feed. The degree of substitution plays a significant role in the long-term stability. The photodegradation of HA-ATRA upon UVA irradiation resulted in β-ionone, β-cyclocitral and 5,6-epoxy-(E)-retinoic acid. The photostability of the conjugate had increased with the combination with morin. The chemical structure of HA-ATRA and its degradation products was elucidated using NMR spectroscopy, SEC-MALLS, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). ATRA did not loss its biological activity after conjugation, as demonstrated by gene expression. The derivative was able to penetrate across the stratum corneum. Besides, HA-ATRA downregulated the expression of anti-inflammatory interleukins 6 and 8. HA-ATRA would be expected to be used for transdermal drug delivery or cosmetics.
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Key Words
- (±)-6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid (trolox, PubChem CID: 40634)
- 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate (PubChem CID: 22571)
- 2-Ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate (PubChem CID: 21630)
- Antioxidants
- Avobenzone (1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3-propanedione, CID: 51040)
- Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA, PubChem CID: 517036)
- Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, PubChem CID: 31404)
- Hyaluronic acid (PubChem CID: 24728612)
- Morin hydrate (2′,3,4′,5,7-Pentahydroxyflavone, PubChem CID: 16219651)
- Retinoic acid (PubChem CID: 444795)
- Retinoids
- Retinyl palmitate (PubChem CID: 5280531)
- Skin
- hyaluronan
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Petr Štěpán
- Contipro a.s., Dolni Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolni Dobrouč, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Pavlík
- Contipro a.s., Dolni Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolni Dobrouč, Czech Republic; Department of Dermato-venereology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Starigazdová
- Contipro a.s., Dolni Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolni Dobrouč, Czech Republic
| | - Paulina Orzol
- Contipro a.s., Dolni Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolni Dobrouč, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Kopecká
- Contipro a.s., Dolni Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolni Dobrouč, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Halamková
- Contipro a.s., Dolni Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolni Dobrouč, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromír Kulhánek
- Contipro a.s., Dolni Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolni Dobrouč, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Velebný
- Contipro a.s., Dolni Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolni Dobrouč, Czech Republic
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Fey P, Chartomatsidou R, Kiefer W, Mottram JC, Kersten C, Schirmeister T. New aziridine-based inhibitors of cathepsin L-like cysteine proteases with selectivity for the Leishmania cysteine protease LmCPB2.8. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 156:587-597. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yoshida M, Saito K, Kato H, Tsukamoto S, Doi T. Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Siladenoserinol A and its Analogues. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5147-5150. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Yoshida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Koya Saito
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Hikaru Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; 5-1 Oe-honmachi Kumamoto 862-0973 Japan
| | - Sachiko Tsukamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; 5-1 Oe-honmachi Kumamoto 862-0973 Japan
| | - Takayuki Doi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
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Yoshida M, Saito K, Kato H, Tsukamoto S, Doi T. Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Siladenoserinol A and its Analogues. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Yoshida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Koya Saito
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Hikaru Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; 5-1 Oe-honmachi Kumamoto 862-0973 Japan
| | - Sachiko Tsukamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; 5-1 Oe-honmachi Kumamoto 862-0973 Japan
| | - Takayuki Doi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
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Synthesis of Bioconjugate Sesterterpenoids with Phospholipids and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. Molecules 2015; 21:E47. [PMID: 26729084 PMCID: PMC6273371 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of sesterterpenoid bioconjugates with phospholipids and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been synthesized for biological activity testing as antiproliferative agents in several cancer cell lines. Different substitution analogues of the original lipidic ether edelfosine (1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine) are obtained varying the sesterterpenoid in position 1 or 2 of the glycerol or a phosphocholine or PUFA unit in position 3. Simple bioconjugates of sesterterpenoids and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) have been obtained too. All synthetic derivatives were tested against the human tumour cell lines HeLa (cervix) and MCF-7 (breast). Some compounds showed good IC50 (0.3 and 0.2 μM) values against these cell lines.
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Peptidophospholipids: synthesis, phospholipase A2 catalyzed hydrolysis, and application to development of phospholipid prodrugs. Chem Phys Lipids 2014; 183:110-6. [PMID: 24905766 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
New phospholipid analogues incorporating sn-2-peptide substituents have been prepared to probe the fundamental structural requirements for phospholipase A2 catalyzed hydrolysis of PLA2-directed synthetic substrates. Two structurally different antiviral oligopeptides with C-terminal glycine were introduced separately at the sn-2-carboxylic ester position of phospholipids to assess the role of the α-methylene group adjacent to the ester carbonyl in allowing hydrolytic cleavage by the enzyme. The oligopeptide-carrying phospholipid derivatives were readily incorporated into mixed micelles consisting of natural phospholipid (dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine, DPPC) and Triton X-100 as surfactant. Hydrolytic cleavage of the synthetic peptidophospholipids by the phospholipase A2 occurred slower, but within the same order of magnitude as the natural substrate alone. The results provide useful information toward better understanding the mechanism of action of the enzyme, and to improve the design and synthesis of phospholipid prodrugs targeted at secretory PLA2 enzymes.
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Arouri A, Hansen AH, Rasmussen TE, Mouritsen OG. Lipases, liposomes and lipid-prodrugs. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Arouri A, Mouritsen OG. Phospholipase A(2)-susceptible liposomes of anticancer double lipid-prodrugs. Eur J Pharm Sci 2011; 45:408-20. [PMID: 21946258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2011.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel approach to anticancer drug delivery is presented based on lipid-like liposome-forming anticancer prodrugs that are susceptible to secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)) that is overexpressed in several cancer types. The approach provides a selective unloading of anticancer drugs at the target tissues, as well as circumvents the necessity for "conventional" drug loading. In our attempts to improve the performance of the liposomes in vivo, several PEGylated and non-PEGylated liposomal formulations composed of a retinoid prodrug premixed with the sPLA(2)-hydrolyzable DPPC (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) were prepared. Besides favorably modifying the physicochemical properties of the liposomes, the incorporation of DPPC and PEG-lipids in the liposomes should substantially enhance the enzymatic activity, as concluded from literature. In addition, one can reap benefits from the presumed permeability enhancing effect of the liberated fatty acids and lysolipids. The size distribution of the prepared liposomes as well as their phase behavior, enzymatic hydrolysis, and cytotoxicity, in the presence and absence of sPLA(2), were determined. The liposomes were around 100nm in diameter and in the gel/fluid coexistence region at 37°C. The enzymatic hydrolysis of the prodrug was pronouncedly accelerated upon the premixing with DPPC, and the hydrolysis was further enhanced by PEGylation. Interestingly, the faster hydrolysis of the prodrug and the released fatty acids and lysolipids from DPPC did not improve the cytotoxicity of the mixture; the effect of combining the prodrug with DPPC was additive and not synergistic. The data presented here question the significance of the permeability enhancing effects claimed for fatty acids and lysolipids at the target cell membrane, and whether these effects can be achieved using physiologically achievable concentrations of fatty acids and lysolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Arouri
- MEMPHYS(1)-Center for Biomembrane Physics, Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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Madsen JJ, Linderoth L, Subramanian AK, Andresen TL, Peters GH. Secretory phospholipase A2 activity toward diverse substrates. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:6853-61. [PMID: 21561115 DOI: 10.1021/jp112137b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have studied secretory phospholipase A(2)-IIA (sPLA(2)) activity toward different phospholipid analogues by performing biophysical characterizations and molecular dynamics simulations. The phospholipids were natural substrates, triple alkyl phospholipids, a prodrug anticancer etherlipid, and an inverted ester. The latter were included to study head group-enzyme interactions. Our simulation results show that the lipids are optimally placed into the binding cleft and that water molecules can freely reach the active site through a well-defined pathway; both are indicative that these substrates are efficiently hydrolyzed, which is in good agreement with our experimental data. The phospholipid analogue with three alkyl side chains forms aggregates of different shapes with no well-defined sizes due to its cone-shape structure. Phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine head groups interact with specific charged residues, but relatively large fluctuations are observed, suggesting that these interactions are not necessarily important for stabilizing substrate binding to the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper J Madsen
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Arouri A, Mouritsen OG. Anticancer double lipid prodrugs: liposomal preparation and characterization. J Liposome Res 2011; 21:296-305. [DOI: 10.3109/08982104.2011.563365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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