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Saito F, Gerbig D, Becker J, Schreiner PR. Breaking the Symmetry of a Meso Compound by Isotopic Substitution: Synthesis and Stereochemical Assignment of Monodeuterated cis-Perhydroazulene. Org Lett 2021; 23:113-117. [PMID: 33306399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and absolute configuration of monodeuterated cis-perhydroazulene (d1-1), which is a rare example of an isotopically chiral hydrocarbon whose synthesis and stereochemical analysis are known to be particularly difficult. The synthesis features nickel-boride-catalyzed deuteration that allowed formation of the diastereomerically pure cis-fused bicyclic system in d1-1. The vibrational circular dichroism results are in excellent agreement with the computed spectrum at ωB97XD/aug-cc-pVTZ, allowing unambiguous assignment of the absolute configuration of d1-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumito Saito
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Dennis Gerbig
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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2
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Naret T, Lesot P, Puente AR, Polavarapu PL, Buisson DA, Crassous J, Pieters G, Feuillastre S. Chemical Synthesis of [ 2H]-Ethyl Tosylate and Exploration of Its Crypto-optically Active Character Combining Complementary Spectroscopic Tools. Org Lett 2020; 22:8846-8849. [PMID: 33141582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Small chiral molecules are excellent candidates to push the boundaries of enantiodiscrimination analytical techniques. Here is reported the synthesis of two new deuterated chiral probes, (R)- and (S)-[2H]-ethyl tosylate, obtained with high enantiomeric excesses. Due to their crypto-optically active properties, the discrimination of each enantiomer is challenging. Whereas their enantiopurity is determined by 2H NMR in chiral anisotropic media, their identification was performed by combining quantum chemical calculations and vibrational circular dichroism analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Naret
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Philippe Lesot
- Université Paris-Saclay, ICMMO, UMR CNRS 8182, RMN en Milieu Orienté, F-91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - Andrew R Puente
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Prasad L Polavarapu
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - David-Alexandre Buisson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jeanne Crassous
- Univ. Rennes, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, Campus de Beaulieu, F-35042 Rennes cedex, France
| | - Grégory Pieters
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sophie Feuillastre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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3
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Saito F, Schreiner PR. Determination of the Absolute Configurations of Chiral Alkanes – An Analysis of the Available Tools. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fumito Saito
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Justus Liebig University Heinrich‐Buff‐Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Justus Liebig University Heinrich‐Buff‐Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
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4
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Saito F, Gerbig D, Becker J, Schreiner PR. Absolute Configuration of trans-Perhydroazulene. Org Lett 2020; 22:3895-3899. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fumito Saito
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Dennis Gerbig
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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5
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Miura T, Nakamuro T, Nagata Y, Moriyama D, Stewart SG, Murakami M. Asymmetric Synthesis and Stereochemical Assignment of 12C/ 13C Isotopomers. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13341-13345. [PMID: 31408332 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A synthesis of chiral hydrocarbons having C1 axis and C3 symmetry, which owe their chirality due to asymmetrical distribution of 12C/13C isotopes, is reported. Their absolute configurations assigned using the vibrational circular dichroism technique conform with those deduced from the absolute configurations of the parent α-formyl cyclopropanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Miura
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , Kyoto University , Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakamuro
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , Kyoto University , Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
| | - Yuuya Nagata
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , Kyoto University , Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
| | - Daisuke Moriyama
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , Kyoto University , Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
| | - Scott G Stewart
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , Kyoto University , Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
| | - Masahiro Murakami
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , Kyoto University , Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
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6
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Merten C, Golub TP, Kreienborg NM. Absolute Configurations of Synthetic Molecular Scaffolds from Vibrational CD Spectroscopy. J Org Chem 2019; 84:8797-8814. [PMID: 31046276 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy is one of the most powerful techniques for the determination of absolute configurations (AC), as it does not require any specific UV/vis chromophores, no chemical derivatization, and no growth of suitable crystals. In the past decade, it has become increasingly recognized by chemists from various fields of synthetic chemistry such as total synthesis and drug discovery as well as from developers of asymmetric catalysts. This perspective article gives an overview about the most important experimental aspects of a VCD-based AC determination and explains the theoretical analysis. The comparison of experimental and computational spectra that leads to the final conclusion about the AC of the target molecules is described. In addition, the review summarizes unique VCD studies carried out in the period 2008-2018 that focus on the determination of unknown ACs of new compounds, which were obtained in its enantiopure form either through direct asymmetric synthesis or chiral chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Merten
- Ruhr Universität Bochum , Organische Chemie II , Universitätsstraße 150 , 44780 Bochum , Germany
| | - Tino P Golub
- Ruhr Universität Bochum , Organische Chemie II , Universitätsstraße 150 , 44780 Bochum , Germany
| | - Nora M Kreienborg
- Ruhr Universität Bochum , Organische Chemie II , Universitätsstraße 150 , 44780 Bochum , Germany
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Harada N. Chiral Molecular Science: How were the absolute configurations of chiral molecules determined? "Experimental results and theories". Chirality 2017; 29:774-797. [PMID: 28981959 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Molecular chirality is a key concept in chemistry, bioscience, and molecular technology, like the invention of a light-powered chiral molecular motor explained in this review. Thus, the primary research subject is how to determine the absolute configuration (AC) of chiral compounds. This review article focuses on the principle, theory, and practice of the nonempirical methods for determining ACs of chiral compounds, i.e., the Bijvoet method in X-ray crystallography and the circular dichroism (CD) exciton chirality method, together with the historical aspects of AC determination. The theoretical equations of X-ray crystallography and exciton CD spectroscopy are explained in detail, and these equations are useful for readers to understand the principle and mechanism of these methods. This review also focuses on the relative methods, where the internal reference with known AC is used and the relative configuration is determined by X-ray crystallography and/or 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) diamagnetic anisotropy method. In these cases, CSDP acid and MαNP acid are useful for the chiral resolution of racemic alcohols, where their diastereomeric esters are easily separable by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on silica gel. Thus, these methods are useful for the preparation of enantiopure compounds and simultaneous determination of their ACs. In this review article, the above methods are explained mainly based on the author's own research results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Harada
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University Sendai, Japan
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8
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Harada N. HPLC Separation of Diastereomers: Chiral Molecular Tools Useful for the Preparation of Enantiopure Compounds and Simultaneous Determination of Their Absolute Configurations. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21101328. [PMID: 27782036 PMCID: PMC6273210 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To obtain enantiopure compounds, the so-called chiral high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, i.e., HPLC using a chiral stationary phase, is very useful, as reviewed in the present Special Issue. On the other hand, normal HPLC (on silica gel) separation of diastereomers is also useful for the preparation of enantiopure compounds and also for the simultaneous determination of their absolute configurations (ACs). The author and coworkers have developed some chiral molecular tools, e.g., camphorsultam dichlorophthalic acid (CSDP acid), 2-methoxy-2-(1-naphthyl)propionic acid (MαNP acid), and others suitable for this purpose. For example, a racemic alcohol is esterified with (S)-(+)-MαNP acid, yielding diastereomeric esters, which are easily separable by HPLC on silica gel. The ACs of the obtained enantiopure MαNP esters can be determined by the ¹H-NMR diamagnetic anisotropy method. In addition, MαNP or CSDP esters have a high probability of giving single crystals suitable for X-ray crystallography. From the X-ray Oak Ridge thermal ellipsoid plot (ORTEP) drawing, the AC of the alcohol part can be unambiguously determined because the AC of the acid part is already known. The hydrolysis of MαNP or CSDP esters yields enantiopure alcohols with the established ACs. The mechanism and application examples of these methods are explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Harada
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
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Bruhn T, Pescitelli G, Witterauf F, Ahrens J, Funk M, Wolfram B, Schneider H, Radius U, Bröring M. Cryptochirality in 2,2′-Coupled BODIPY DYEmers. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Bruhn
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Via Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Franziska Witterauf
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Johannes Ahrens
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie (IAAC); Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Markus Funk
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie (IAAC); Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Benedikt Wolfram
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie (IAAC); Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Heidi Schneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Martin Bröring
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie (IAAC); Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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10
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Zinna F, Pescitelli G. Towards the Limits of Vibrational Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy: VCD Spectra of Some Alkyl Vinylethers. Chirality 2015; 28:143-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Zinna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Pisa Italy
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11
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Mejuch T, Dutta B, Botoshansky M, Marek I. Convergent diastereoselective preparation of adjacent quaternary stereocenters in an acyclic system. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:5803-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25121c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Das JP, Marek I. Enantioselective synthesis of all-carbon quaternary stereogenic centers in acyclic systems. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:4593-623. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc05222a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 563] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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