1
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Hsieh AY, Haines RS, Harper JB. The effects of ionic liquids on the ethanolysis of a chloroacenaphthene. Evaluation of the effectiveness of nucleofugality data to predict reaction outcome. RSC Adv 2023; 13:21036-21043. [PMID: 37448642 PMCID: PMC10336772 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04302a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The reaction of a chlorobenzene in mixtures containing ethanol and eight different ionic liquids was investigated in order to understand the effects of varying proportions and constituent ions of an ionic liquid on the rate constant of the process. The results were found to be generally consistent with previously studied reactions of the same type, with small proportions of an ionic liquid resulting in a rate constant increase compared to ethanol and large proportions causing a rate constant decrease. Temperature dependent kinetic studies were used to interpret the changes in reaction outcome, particularly noting an entropic cost on moving to high proportions of ionic liquid, consistent with organisation of solvent around the transition state. While attempts to use empirical solvent parameters to correlate outcome with the ionic liquid used were unsuccessful, use of recently acquired nucleofugality data for chloride and estimations for the electrofuge allowed for excellent prediction of the effects of ionic liquids, with rate constants quantitatively predicted in systems containing both different proportions of ionic liquid (mean absolute error (MAE) log(k1) = 0.11) and different ionic liquids (MAE log(k1) = 0.33). Importantly, this demonstrates the ready application of these quantitative reactivity parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Y Hsieh
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales UNSW Sydney NSW 2052 Australia +61 2 9385 6141 +61 2 9385 4692
| | - Ronald S Haines
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales UNSW Sydney NSW 2052 Australia +61 2 9385 6141 +61 2 9385 4692
| | - Jason B Harper
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales UNSW Sydney NSW 2052 Australia +61 2 9385 6141 +61 2 9385 4692
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2
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Gao H, Wang J, Liu M, Wang S, Li W, An Q, Li K, Wei L, Han C, Zhai S. Enhanced oxidative depolymerization of lignin in cooperative imidazolium-based ionic liquid binary mixtures. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 357:127333. [PMID: 35598774 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aerobic oxidation of lignin model 2-phenoxyacetophenone (2-PAP) in cooperative ionic liquid mixtures (CoILs) with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2C1im]OAc) and 1-benzyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([BZC1im]NTf2) was investigated. Complete degradation of 2-PAP was achieved with [C2C1im]OAc/[BZC1im]NTf2 molar ratio (RIL) of 1/1 and 1/2 at 100 °C for 2 h. The conversion and product yields from CoILs were higher than those in pure ILs, indicating the cooperative effects of [C2C1im]OAc/[BZC1im]NTf2 on cleaving aryl-ether bonds. [C2C1im]OAc promoted the catalytic cleavage of aryl-ether bonds and solvation, and [BZC1im]NTf2 induced the formation of alkyl radicals and enhanced the product selectivity. Accordingly, the highest conversion of alkali lignin (79.8%) was obtained with RIL of 5/1 at 100 °C for 2 h, and phenol monomers (306 mg/g) were selectively produced. The CoILs exhibited good catalytic capacities for oxidative depolymerization of lignin, which strongly depends on the changes in intermolecular interactions and structural organization with varying RIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailian Gao
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Jiebin Wang
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Meixuan Liu
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Shunxin Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Wenbo Li
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Qingda An
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Kunlan Li
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ligang Wei
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Chi Han
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Shangru Zhai
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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3
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Coney MD, Morris DC, Gilbert A, Prescott SW, Haines RS, Harper JB. Effects of Ionic Liquids on the Nucleofugality of Chloride. J Org Chem 2021; 87:1767-1779. [PMID: 34756050 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The nucleofugality of chloride has been measured in solvent mixtures containing ionic liquids for the first time, allowing reactivity in these solvents to be put in context with molecular solvents. Using well-described electrofuges, solvolysis rate constants were determined in mixtures containing different proportions of ethanol and the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide; the different solvent effects observed as the mixture changed could be explained using interactions of the ionic liquid with species along the reaction coordinate, determined using temperature dependent kinetic studies. The solvolysis data allowed determination of the nucleofugality of chloride in these mixtures, which varied with the proportion of salt in the reaction mixture, demonstrating quantitatively the importance of the amount of ionic liquid in the reaction mixture in determining reaction outcome. Nucleofugality data for chloride were determined in seven further ionic liquids, with the reactivity shown to vary over more than an order of magnitude. This outcome illustrates that the components of the ionic liquid are critical in determining reaction outcome. Overall, this work quantitatively extends the understanding of solvent effects in ionic liquids and demonstrates the potential for such information to be used to rationally select an ionic liquid to control reaction outcome.
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Marullo S, D'Anna F, Rizzo C, Billeci F. Ionic liquids: "normal" solvents or nanostructured fluids? Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:2076-2095. [PMID: 33606870 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02214d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are a class of non-conventional solvents, which, for almost two decades, have continued to generate burgeoning interest in different fields of present-day chemical research with few similar precedents. Among the various aspects related to ILs, a topic worthy of in-depth analysis is their influence on organic reactivity and reaction rates. In light of this, the present short review aims to provide an overview of the literature from 2010 to the present day that addresses this issue. In particular, we herein present two main different viewpoints by which the solvent effect of ILs is explained: the first is mainly based on considering the bulk polarity of ILs and linear solvation energy relationships, while the other treats ILs as nanostructured fluids. In both cases, studies dealing with IL mixtures are also covered. Finally, literature addressing the area of supramolecular catalysis "by" or "in" ILs is also reported. This is one of the few reviews covering these specific aspects, aiming to provide a useful framework to guide future research into the effects of ILs on organic reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Marullo
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Francesca D'Anna
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Carla Rizzo
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Floriana Billeci
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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5
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Marullo S, D'Anna F. Interplay of Acidity and Ionic Liquid Structure on the Outcome of a Heterocyclic Rearrangement Reaction. J Org Chem 2021; 86:4045-4052. [PMID: 33596066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The study of suitable probe reactions is a powerful tool to investigate the properties of nonconventional solvents such ionic liquids (ILs). In particular, we studied the acid-catalyzed mononuclear rearrangement of heterocycles (MHR) of the Z-phenylhydrazone of 5-amino-3-benzoyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole into the relevant 1,2,3-triazole, in solution of ILs by means of kinetic measurements. We chose as solvents six ILs differing both in the cation and anion, in the presence of five carboxylic and sulfonic acids as catalysts. For a useful comparison, the reaction was also performed in 1,4-dioxane and methanol. In general, the reaction occurs faster in ILs, compared to conventional solvents, according to the weaker solvation interactions operating in the former media. The effect of IL anion and cation on the reactivity and on the acidic strength of the catalysts was analyzed. To this aim, we measured the acidic strength of the sulfonic acids in each IL, estimated by the equilibrium formation constant of each acid with 4-nitroaniline. We found that the trend of reactivity as a function of the IL anion mainly reflects the larger difference in acidic strengths of the catalyst. Conversely, acidic strength spans a narrower range as a function of the IL cation. As a result, other factors come into play, such as the π-π interactions involving aromatic IL cations, substrate, and transition states, leading to a more articulate trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Marullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica, Viale delle Scienze, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca D'Anna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica, Viale delle Scienze, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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6
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WO3 and Ionic Liquids: A Synergic Pair for Pollutant Gas Sensing and Desulfurization. METALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/met10040475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This review deals with the notable results obtained by the synergy between ionic liquids (ILs) and WO3 in the field of pollutant gas sensing and sulfur removal pretreatment of fuels. Starting from the known characteristics of tungsten trioxide as catalytic material, many authors have proposed the use of ionic liquids in order to both direct WO3 production towards controllable nanostructures (nanorods, nanospheres, etc.) and to modify the metal oxide structure (incorporating ILs) in order to increase the gas adsorption ability and, thus, the catalytic efficiency. Moreover, ionic liquids are able to highly disperse WO3 in composites, thus enhancing the contact surface and the catalytic ability of WO3 in both hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of liquid fuels. In particular, the use of ILs in composite synthesis can direct the hydrogenation process (HDS) towards sulfur compounds rather than towards olefins, thus preserving the octane number of the fuel while highly reducing the sulfur content and, thus, the possibility of air pollution with sulfur oxides. A similar performance enhancement was obtained in ODS, where the high dispersion of WO3 (due to the use of ILs during the synthesis) allows for noteworthy results at very low temperatures (50 °C).
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7
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Ionic liquid gels and antioxidant carbon nanotubes: Hybrid soft materials with improved radical scavenging activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 556:628-639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.08.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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8
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Marullo S, Rizzo C, D'Anna F. Task-Specific Organic Salts and Ionic Liquids Binary Mixtures: A Combination to Obtain 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural From Carbohydrates. Front Chem 2019; 7:134. [PMID: 30949470 PMCID: PMC6437106 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in energy demand and depletion of fossil fuels are among major issues of modern society. Valorization and transformation of raw materials in products of industrial value represent a challenge. This justifies the growing interest of scientific research toward the identification of suitable media and methodologies able to pursue above goals, paying attention to matter of sustainability. On this subject, we studied sulfonic-acid functionalized diimidazolium salts as catalysts for the conversion of fructose and sucrose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) in an ionic liquid mixture. In general, using these salts allowed us to obtain 5-HMF in good yields from both substrates in mild conditions. Indeed, at 60°C and in the presence of 20 mol% of catalyst, 5-HMF yields of 60 and 30% were obtained from fructose and sucrose, respectively. The catalytic system was recycled and used up to six times observing no appreciable loss in yield for the first four cycles. Moreover, we gathered mechanistic information by in situ 1H NMR monitoring the dehydration of fructose. To dissect the role of acidity on the reaction, we determined the Hammett acidity function of each salt. Comparison of these results with yields and reactivity observed in the presence of related monocationic salts and with a dicationic salt bearing only one sulfonic acid group, allowed stating that the reactivity observed is the result of the combined action of acidity and structural features of the catalysts. Overall, the approach proposed here could contribute to pave the way to increase sustainability in the raw material valorization processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesca D'Anna
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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9
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D'Anna F, Rizzo C, Vitale P, Marullo S, Ferrante F. Supramolecular complexes formed by dimethoxypillar[5]arenes and imidazolium salts: a joint experimental and computational investigation. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj02598j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The stability of host–guest complexes formed by dimethoxypillar[5]arenes and imidazolium salts has been analyzed as a function of different structural features of the guest, using a combined approach of different techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca D'Anna
- Dipartimento STEBICEF-Sezione di Chimica
- Viale delle Scienze Ed.17
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Carla Rizzo
- Dipartimento STEBICEF-Sezione di Chimica
- Viale delle Scienze Ed.17
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Paola Vitale
- Dipartimento STEBICEF-Sezione di Chimica
- Viale delle Scienze Ed.17
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Salvatore Marullo
- Dipartimento STEBICEF-Sezione di Chimica
- Viale delle Scienze Ed.17
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Francesco Ferrante
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica
- Viale delle Scienze Ed.17
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
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10
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Cancemi P, Buttacavoli M, D'Anna F, Feo S, Fontana RM, Noto R, Sutera A, Vitale P, Gallo G. The effects of structural changes on the anti-microbial and anti-proliferative activities of diimidazolium salts. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj03904a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Anti-microbial and anti-proliferative activities of diimidazolium salts have been analyzed as a function of the main changes in their structural features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Cancemi
- Dipartimento STEBICEF
- Sezione di Biologia Cellulare
- Viale delle Scienze
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Miriam Buttacavoli
- Dipartimento STEBICEF
- Sezione di Biologia Cellulare
- Viale delle Scienze
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Francesca D'Anna
- Dipartimento STEBICEF
- Sezione di Chimica
- Viale delle Scienze
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Salvatore Feo
- Dipartimento STEBICEF
- Sezione di Biologia Cellulare
- Viale delle Scienze
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Fontana
- Dipartimento STEBICEF
- Sezione di Biologia Cellulare
- Viale delle Scienze
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Renato Noto
- Dipartimento STEBICEF
- Sezione di Chimica
- Viale delle Scienze
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Alberto Sutera
- Dipartimento STEBICEF
- Sezione di Biologia Cellulare
- Viale delle Scienze
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Paola Vitale
- Dipartimento STEBICEF
- Sezione di Chimica
- Viale delle Scienze
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gallo
- Dipartimento STEBICEF
- Sezione di Biologia Cellulare
- Viale delle Scienze
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
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11
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Paterno' A, Scire S, Musumarra G. A QSPR approach to the ecotoxicity of ionic liquids ( Vibrio fischeri) using VolSurf principal properties. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2016; 5:1090-1096. [PMID: 30090414 PMCID: PMC6062259 DOI: 10.1039/c6tx00071a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently derived in silico structural descriptors for both IL cations and anions allowed the development of a QSPR model correlating ionic liquid structures to Vibrio fischeri toxicity using the partial least squares (PLS) approach. Interpretation of the PLS model confirmed the effect of IL cationic structural features such as the influence of cation side chain length, presence of heteroatoms, and non-aromaticity of the heterocyclic scaffold on toxicity. The PLS model also provided a quantitative evaluation of anion effects, previously not evidenced due to the structural similarity of the anions considered. A simple equation in which three descriptors (two for the cations and one for the anions) allow the prediction of Vibrio fischeri toxicity for over 8000 ILs is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Paterno'
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche , Università di Catania , Viale A. Doria 6 , I-95125 Catania , Italy .
| | - Salvatore Scire
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche , Università di Catania , Viale A. Doria 6 , I-95125 Catania , Italy .
| | - Giuseppe Musumarra
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche , Università di Catania , Viale A. Doria 6 , I-95125 Catania , Italy .
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12
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Paterno' A, D'Anna F, Fortuna CG, Musumarra G. Polarity study of ionic liquids with the solvatochromic dye Nile Red: a QSPR approach using in silico VolSurf+ descriptors. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Gavlik KD, Lesogorova SG, Sukhorukova ES, Subbotina JO, Slepukhin PA, Benassi E, Belskaya NP. Synthesis of 2-Aryl-1,2,3-triazoles by Oxidative Cyclization of 2-(Arylazo)ethene-1,1-diamines: A One-Pot Approach. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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14
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Butler BJ, Harper JB. The effect of the structure of the cation of an ionic liquid on the rate of reaction at a phosphorus centre. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley J. Butler
- School of Chemistry University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney 2052 Australia
| | - Jason B. Harper
- School of Chemistry University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney 2052 Australia
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15
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Paternò A, Bocci G, Goracci L, Musumarra G, Scirè S. Modelling the aquatic toxicity of ionic liquids by means of VolSurf in silico descriptors. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 27:1-15. [PMID: 26727707 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2015.1120778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
VolSurf+ in silico physicochemical descriptors for both the cationic and the anionic counterparts of ionic liquids (ILs) have been derived. These descriptors, suitable for molecular modelling of IL structures which, due to their amphiphilic nature, interact strongly with biological matrices, can be related to aquatic toxicity by means of a partial least squares statistical model. This model gives an insight into the relationships between structural physicochemical properties and aquatic toxicity as well as a satisfactory quantitative structure-property correlation, allowing prediction of aquatic toxicity scores of ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Paternò
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche , Università di Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - G Bocci
- b Laboratorio di Chemiometria e Chemioinformatica, Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - L Goracci
- b Laboratorio di Chemiometria e Chemioinformatica, Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - G Musumarra
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche , Università di Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - S Scirè
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche , Università di Catania , Catania , Italy
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16
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Rizzo C, D'Anna F, Noto R. Functionalised diimidazolium salts: the anion effect on the catalytic ability. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12037g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
How is it possible to catalyze and simultaneously control the outcome of a reaction? Employing task specific ionic liquids and changing their anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Rizzo
- Università degli Studi di Palermo
- Dipartimento STEBICEF
- Sezione di Chimica
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Francesca D'Anna
- Università degli Studi di Palermo
- Dipartimento STEBICEF
- Sezione di Chimica
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Renato Noto
- Università degli Studi di Palermo
- Dipartimento STEBICEF
- Sezione di Chimica
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
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17
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Paternò A, Fiorenza R, Marullo S, Musumarra G, Scirè S. Prediction of ionic liquid's heat capacity by means of their in silico principal properties. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra05106e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
VolSurf+ in silico principal properties of ionic liquids were used to develop a QSPR model providing affordable heat capacity predictions which were experimentally validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Paternò
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università di Catania
- I-95125 Catania
- Italy
| | - Roberto Fiorenza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università di Catania
- I-95125 Catania
- Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Musumarra
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università di Catania
- I-95125 Catania
- Italy
| | - Salvatore Scirè
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università di Catania
- I-95125 Catania
- Italy
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18
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D'Anna F, Marullo S, Lazzara G, Vitale P, Noto R. Aggregation Processes of Perylene Bisimide Diimidazolium Salts. Chemistry 2015; 21:14780-90. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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19
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D'Anna F, Millan D, Noto R. The ionic liquid effect on the Boulton–Katritzky reaction: a comparison between substrates of different structure. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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Marullo S, D'Anna F, Rizzo C, Noto R. The ultrasounds-ionic liquids synergy on the copper catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition between phenylacetylene and 4-azidoquinoline. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2015; 23:317-323. [PMID: 25199443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effect of ultrasound irradiation on the copper catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition between phenylacetylene and 4-azidoquinoline has been studied in solution of different ionic liquids. In particular, we used ionic liquids featuring both aliphatic and aromatic mono- and dications, as well as anions differing in size, symmetry and coordination ability. We also examined the influence of the ionic liquids structural features on the reaction outcomes, finding that under magnetic stirring reactivity is favorably affected by the solvent structural organization, while under sonochemical conditions an opposite trend was observed. In all cases examined, sonochemical activation leads to significant reduction in energy consumption as compared to the reaction conducted under magnetic stirring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Marullo
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Sezione di Chimica, Viale delle Scienze-Parco d'Orleans II, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Francesca D'Anna
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Sezione di Chimica, Viale delle Scienze-Parco d'Orleans II, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Carla Rizzo
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Sezione di Chimica, Viale delle Scienze-Parco d'Orleans II, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Renato Noto
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Sezione di Chimica, Viale delle Scienze-Parco d'Orleans II, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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21
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Stability and organocatalytic efficiency of N-heterocyclic carbenes electrogenerated in organic solvents from imidazolium ionic liquids. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.11.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Butler BJ, Harper JB. The effect of an ionic liquid on the rate of reaction at a phosphorus centre. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj01224k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rate constant of a substitution at phosphorus varies with amount of ionic liquid present; enthalpic benefit offsets entropic cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley J. Butler
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- UNSW Sydney 2052
- Australia
| | - Jason B. Harper
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- UNSW Sydney 2052
- Australia
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23
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D'Anna F, Rizzo C, Vitale P, Lazzara G, Noto R. Dicationic organic salts: gelators for ionic liquids. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:9281-9292. [PMID: 25330144 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01360c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Diimidazolium and dipyrrolidinium organic salts were tested for their ability to gel both organic solvents and ionic liquids. Organic salts containing 1-(1-imidazolylmethyl)-3,5-di-(3'-octylimidazolylmethyl)-benzene and 1-(N-pyrrolidylmethyl)-3,5-di-(N,N-octylpyrrolidylmethyl)-benzene cations were used. In addition to the simple bromide anion, also dianions having a naphthalene core such as 1,5- and 2,6-naphthalenedisulfonate and 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate were taken into account. Gelation tests demonstrated that organic salts used were able to harden ionic liquids. The materials obtained were investigated for their thermal stability and also for electric conductivity properties using micro-DSC and dielectric spectroscopy. Furthermore, the opacity of some gel phases was monitored using UV-vis measurements. To obtain information about the gelation mechanism, gel phase formation was studied as a function of time by means of resonance light scattering investigation. Finally, the ability of materials to respond to external stimuli such as magnetic stirring or ultrasound irradiation was also analyzed. Data collected show that different relationships exist among the gelator and the ionic liquid structure, determining the properties of materials and their possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca D'Anna
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Sezione di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze-Parco d'Orleans II, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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24
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Rizzo C, D’Anna F, Marullo S, Noto R. Task Specific Dicationic Ionic Liquids: Recyclable Reaction Media for the Mononuclear Rearrangement of Heterocycles. J Org Chem 2014; 79:8678-83. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501451t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Rizzo
- Dipartimento
STEBICEF, Sezione di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze-Parco d’Orleans II, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca D’Anna
- Dipartimento
STEBICEF, Sezione di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze-Parco d’Orleans II, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Marullo
- Dipartimento
STEBICEF, Sezione di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze-Parco d’Orleans II, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Renato Noto
- Dipartimento
STEBICEF, Sezione di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze-Parco d’Orleans II, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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25
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D'Anna F, Noto R. Di- and Tricationic Organic Salts: An Overview of Their Properties and Applications. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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26
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Belskaya N, Subbotina J, Lesogorova S. Synthesis of 2H-1,2,3-Triazoles. TOPICS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/7081_2014_125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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27
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Paternò A, D'Anna F, Musumarra G, Noto R, Scirè S. A multivariate insight into ionic liquids toxicities. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03230f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A multivariate insight into the toxicities of ionic liquids provides a comprehensive picture and guidelines for the evaluation of their eco- and bio-sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Paternò
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università di Catania
- 95125 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Musumarra
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università di Catania
- 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Renato Noto
- Dipartimento STEBICEF
- Università di Palermo
- 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Scirè
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università di Catania
- 95125 Catania, Italy
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28
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Marullo S, D’Anna F, Cascino M, Noto R. Molecular “Pincer” from a Diimidazolium Salt: A Study of Binding Ability. J Org Chem 2013; 78:10203-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401594r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Marullo
- Sezione di Chimica, Dipartimento
STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle
Scienze-Parco d’Orleans II, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca D’Anna
- Sezione di Chimica, Dipartimento
STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle
Scienze-Parco d’Orleans II, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Cascino
- Sezione di Chimica, Dipartimento
STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle
Scienze-Parco d’Orleans II, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Renato Noto
- Sezione di Chimica, Dipartimento
STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle
Scienze-Parco d’Orleans II, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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29
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D'Anna F, Nimal Gunaratne HQ, Lazzara G, Noto R, Rizzo C, Seddon KR. Solution and thermal behaviour of novel dicationic imidazolium ionic liquids. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:5836-46. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40807h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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31
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Guernelli S, Fontana A, Noto R, Spinelli D, Turco Liveri ML. Mononuclear rearrangement of heterocycles in zwitterionic micelles of amine oxide surfactants. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 381:67-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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D'Anna F, Vitale P, Marullo S, Noto R. Geminal imidazolium salts: a new class of gelators. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:10849-59. [PMID: 22724440 DOI: 10.1021/la301319u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The gelling behavior of some geminal diimidazolium salts was investigated in solvents differing in polarity and hydrogen bond donor ability. The used salts, namely the 3,3'-di-n-decyl-1,1'(1,4-phenylenedimethylene)diimidazolium dibromide [p-Xyl-(decim)(2)][Br](2) (1), the 3,3'-di-n-dodecyl-1,1'(1,4-phenylenedimethylene)diimidazolium dibromide [p-Xyl-(dodecim)(2)][Br](2) (2), and the 3,3'-di-n-dodecyl-1,1'(1,4-phenylenedimethylene)diimidazolium ditetrafluoroborate [p-Xyl-(dodecim)(2)][BF(4)](2) (3), differ in the alkyl chain length and in the anion properties, such as size, shape, and coordination ability. In all cases in which gelation process was observed, the obtained gels were characterized by gel melting temperature determination, resonance light scattering, and UV-vis measurements. On the whole, the investigation allowed to get information about both the thermodynamic stability and the features of the aggregates characterizing the soft materials at the equilibrium. Data collected by us point out that the used organic salts are able to behave as both hydro- and organogelators. In particular, bromide salts formed hydrogels in the presence of α-cyclodextrin allowing to hypothesize that the gelation process is favored by the formation of supramolecular assemblies. To verify this hypothesis, 1D and 2D (1)H NMR measurements were carried out. Both the alkyl chain length and the anion ability to reticulate the three-dimensional network proved to be determinant factors in affecting the gelation process as well as the features of the gel phases. Finally, with the future aim to use the obtained gels as reaction media, the effect of a guest molecule such as the UV-vis active probe Nile Red was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca D'Anna
- Dipartimento STEMBIO, Sezione di Chimica Organica E. Paternò, Viale delle Scienze-Parco d'Orleans II, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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33
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D'Anna F, Marullo S, Vitale P, Noto R. Binary Mixtures of Ionic Liquids: A Joint Approach to Investigate their Properties and Catalytic Ability. Chemphyschem 2012; 13:1877-84. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201100878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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