1
|
Catalytic asymmetric Tsuji-Trost α-benzylation reaction of N-unprotected amino acids and benzyl alcohol derivatives. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2509. [PMID: 35523802 PMCID: PMC9076619 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30277-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Catalytic asymmetric Tsuji–Trost benzylation is a promising strategy for the preparation of chiral benzylic compounds. However, only a few such transformations with both good yields and enantioselectivities have been achieved since this reaction was first reported in 1992, and its use in current organic synthesis is restricted. In this work, we use N-unprotected amino acid esters as nucleophiles in reactions with benzyl alcohol derivatives. A ternary catalyst comprising a chiral aldehyde, a palladium species, and a Lewis acid is used to promote the reaction. Both mono- and polycyclic benzyl alcohols are excellent benzylation reagents. Various unnatural optically active α-benzyl amino acids are produced in good-to-excellent yields and with good-to-excellent enantioselectivities. This catalytic asymmetric method is used for the formal synthesis of two somatostatin mimetics and the proposed structure of natural product hypoestestatin 1. A mechanism that plausibly explains the stereoselective control is proposed. The catalytic asymmetric benzylations of prochiral nucleophiles are very limited. Here, the authors disclose an asymmetric α−benzylation of N-unprotected amino acids with benzyl alcohol derivatives by a chiral aldehyde-involved catalytic system.
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang WZ, Shen HR, Liao J, Wen W, Guo QX. Chiral aldehyde induced tandem conjugated addition-lactamization reaction for constructing full-substituted pyroglutamic acids. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01923f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A catalytic asymmetric tandem reaction including a chiral aldehyde catalyzed conjugated addition and an intramolecular lactamization is reported in this work. Under the optimal reaction conditions, various full-substituted pyroglutamic acids...
Collapse
|
3
|
Ji C, Xiao J, Zeng X. Recent Progress in the Stereoselective Synthesis of (−)‐α‐Kainic Acid. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cong‐Bin Ji
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Shangrao Normal University Shangrao Jiangxi 334001 People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Shangrao Normal University Shangrao Jiangxi 334001 People's Republic of China
| | - Xing‐Ping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule Ministry of Education Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ye Y, Fu H, Hyster TK. Activation modes in biocatalytic radical cyclization reactions. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 48:6155068. [PMID: 33674826 PMCID: PMC8210684 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuab021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Radical cyclizations are essential reactions in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and the chemical synthesis of societally valuable molecules. In this review, we highlight the general mechanisms utilized in biocatalytic radical cyclizations. We specifically highlight cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) involved in the biosynthesis of mycocyclosin and vancomycin, nonheme iron- and α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (Fe/αKGDs) used in the biosynthesis of kainic acid, scopolamine, and isopenicillin N, and radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzymes that facilitate the biosynthesis of oxetanocin A, menaquinone, and F420. Beyond natural mechanisms, we also examine repurposed flavin-dependent “ene”-reductases (ERED) for non-natural radical cyclization. Overall, these general mechanisms underscore the opportunity for enzymes to augment and enhance the synthesis of complex molecules using radical mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Haigen Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Todd K Hyster
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen TY, Xue S, Tsai WC, Chien TC, Guo Y, Chang WC. Deciphering Pyrrolidine and Olefin Formation Mechanism in Kainic Acid Biosynthesis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Shan Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Wei-Chih Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Tun-Cheng Chien
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Yisong Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Wei-chen Chang
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Biosynthesis of marine toxins. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 59:119-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
7
|
Zwick CR, Renata H. Harnessing the biocatalytic potential of iron- and α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases in natural product total synthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:1065-1079. [PMID: 32055818 PMCID: PMC7426249 DOI: 10.1039/c9np00075e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2019Iron- and α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (Fe/αKGs) represent a versatile and intriguing enzyme family by virtue of their ability to directly functionalize unactivated C-H bonds at the cost of αKG and O2. Fe/αKGs play an important role in the biosynthesis of natural products, valuable biologically active secondary metabolites frequently pursued as drug leads. The field of natural product total synthesis seeks to contruct these molecules as effeciently as possible, although natural products continue to challenge chemists due to their intricate structural complexity. Chemoenzymatic approaches seek to remedy the shortcomings of traditional synthetic methodology by combining Nature's biosynthetic machinery with traditional chemical methods to efficiently construct natural products. Although other oxygenase families have been widely employed for this purpose, Fe/αKGs remain underutilized. The following review will cover recent chemoenzymatic total syntheses involving Fe/αKG enzymes. Additionally, related information involving natural product biosynthesis, methods development, and non-chemoenzymatic total syntheses will be discussed to inform retrosynthetic logic and synthetic design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian R Zwick
- The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Marine Excitatory Amino Acids: Structure, Properties, Biosynthesis and Recent Approaches to Their Syntheses. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25133049. [PMID: 32635311 PMCID: PMC7412112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25133049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This review considers the results of recent studies on marine excitatory amino acids, including kainic acid, domoic acid, dysiherbaine, and neodysiherbaine A, known as potent agonists of one of subtypes of glutamate receptors, the so-called kainate receptors. Novel information, particularly concerning biosynthesis, environmental roles, biological action, and syntheses of these marine metabolites, obtained mainly in last 10–15 years, is summarized. The goal of the review was not only to discuss recently obtained data, but also to provide a brief introduction to the field of marine excitatory amino acid research.
Collapse
|
9
|
Li J, Amatuni A, Renata H. Recent advances in the chemoenzymatic synthesis of bioactive natural products. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 55:111-118. [PMID: 32086167 PMCID: PMC7237303 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The field of organic chemistry has recently witnessed a rapid rise in the use of chemoenzymatic strategies for the synthesis of complex molecules. Under this paradigm, biocatalytic methods and contemporary synthetic methods are used synergistically in a multistep approach toward a target molecule. In light of the unparalleled regioselectivity and stereoselectivity of enzymatic transformations and the reaction diversity of contemporary organic chemistry, chemoenzymatic strategies hold enormous potential for streamlining access to important bioactive molecules. This review covers recent demonstrations of chemoenzymatic approaches in chemical synthesis, with special emphasis on the preparation of medicinally relevant natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Alexander Amatuni
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Hans Renata
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ganley JG, Derbyshire ER. Linking Genes to Molecules in Eukaryotic Sources: An Endeavor to Expand Our Biosynthetic Repertoire. Molecules 2020; 25:E625. [PMID: 32023950 PMCID: PMC7036892 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of natural products continues to interest chemists and biologists for their utility in medicine as well as facilitating our understanding of signaling, pathogenesis, and evolution. Despite an attenuation in the discovery rate of new molecules, the current genomics and transcriptomics revolution has illuminated the untapped biosynthetic potential of many diverse organisms. Today, natural product discovery can be driven by biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) analysis, which is capable of predicting enzymes that catalyze novel reactions and organisms that synthesize new chemical structures. This approach has been particularly effective in mining bacterial and fungal genomes where it has facilitated the discovery of new molecules, increased the understanding of metabolite assembly, and in some instances uncovered enzymes with intriguing synthetic utility. While relatively less is known about the biosynthetic potential of non-fungal eukaryotes, there is compelling evidence to suggest many encode biosynthetic enzymes that produce molecules with unique bioactivities. In this review, we highlight how the advances in genomics and transcriptomics have aided natural product discovery in sources from eukaryotic lineages. We summarize work that has successfully connected genes to previously identified molecules and how advancing these techniques can lead to genetics-guided discovery of novel chemical structures and reactions distributed throughout the tree of life. Ultimately, we discuss the advantage of increasing the known biosynthetic space to ease access to complex natural and non-natural small molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack G Ganley
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, 124 Science Drive, Durham, NC 27708-0346, USA
| | - Emily R Derbyshire
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, 124 Science Drive, Durham, NC 27708-0346, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, 213 Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
A mild and facile Peterson olefination has been developed employing low catalyst loading of the Brønsted acid HNTf2. The reactions are typically performed at room temperature, with the reaction tolerant to a range of useful functionalities. Furthermore, we have extended this methodology to the synthesis of enynes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K Britten
- Department of Natural Sciences , Manchester Metropolitan University , Chester Street , Manchester , M15GD , United Kingdom
| | - Mark G McLaughlin
- Department of Natural Sciences , Manchester Metropolitan University , Chester Street , Manchester , M15GD , United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Welzel L, Schidlitzki A, Twele F, Anjum M, Löscher W. A face-to-face comparison of the intra-amygdala and intrahippocampal kainate mouse models of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and their utility for testing novel therapies. Epilepsia 2019; 61:157-170. [PMID: 31828786 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intracranial (intrahippocampal or intra-amygdala) administration of kainate in rodents leads to spatially restricted brain injury and development of focal epilepsy with characteristics that resemble mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Such rodent models are used both in the search for more effective antiseizure drugs (ASDs) and in the development of antiepileptogenic strategies. However, it is not clear which of the models is best suited for testing different types of epilepsy therapies. METHODS In the present study, we performed a face-to-face comparison of the intra-amygdala kainate (IAK) and intrahippocampal kainate (IHK) mouse models using the same mouse inbred strain (C57BL/6). For comparison, some experiments were performed in mouse outbred strains. RESULTS Intra-amygdala kainate injection led to more severe status epilepticus and higher mortality than intrahippocampal injection. In male C57BL/6 mice, the latent period to spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRSs) was short or absent in both models, whereas a significantly longer latent period was determined in NMRI and CD-1 outbred mice. When SRSs were recorded from the ipsilateral hippocampus, relatively frequent electroclinical seizures were determined in the IAK model, whereas only infrequent electroclinical seizures but extremely frequent focal electrographic seizures were determined in the IHK model. As a consequence of the differences in SRS frequency, prolonged video-electroencephalographic monitoring and drug administration were needed for testing efficacy of the benchmark ASD carbamazepine in the IAK model, whereas acute drug testing was possible in the IHK model. In both models, carbamazepine was only effective at high doses, indicating ASD resistance to this benchmark drug. SIGNIFICANCE We found a variety of significant differences between the IAK and IHK models, which are important when deciding which of these models is best suited for studies on novel epilepsy therapies. The IAK model appears particularly interesting for studies on disease-modifying treatments, whereas the IHK model is well suited for studying the antiseizure activity of novel ASDs against difficult-to-treated focal seizures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Welzel
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alina Schidlitzki
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Friederike Twele
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Muneeb Anjum
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Löscher
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chogii I, Das P, Njardarson JT. Efforts Toward a Unified Kainoid Family Synthesis Approach: Unexpected Sulfinamide‐Directed Conjugate Addition Results. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Chogii
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of Arizona 1306 E. University Blvd. Tucson AZ 85721 USA
| | - Pradipta Das
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of Arizona 1306 E. University Blvd. Tucson AZ 85721 USA
| | - Jon T. Njardarson
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of Arizona 1306 E. University Blvd. Tucson AZ 85721 USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Maeno Y, Terada R, Kotaki Y, Cho Y, Konoki K, Yotsu-Yamashita M. Possible Biosynthetic Products and Metabolites of Kainic Acid from the Red Alga Digenea simplex and Their Biological Activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:1627-1633. [PMID: 31117523 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Four kainic acid (KA, 1)-related compounds, 4-hydroxykainic acid (2), allo-4-hydroxykainic acid (3), N-dimethylallyl-l-glutamic acid (4), and N-dimethylallyl- threo-3-hydroxyglutamic acid (5), were isolated from the red alga Digenea simplex. The structures of these compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic methods. Compounds 2 and 3 are possible oxidative metabolites of KA and allo-KA (6), respectively. Compound 4 was recently reported as the biosynthetic precursor of KA, but the absolute configuration of 4 has not been previously determined. Herein, we determined the absolute configuration of 4 as 2( S) using advanced Marfey's method. Compound 5 is similar to N-geranyl-3( R)-hydroxy-l-glutamic acid (8), which was previously identified in a domoic acid (DA)-containing red alga. Compounds 5 and 8 are predicted to be biosynthetic byproducts of the radical-mediated cyclization reaction to form the pyrrolidine rings of KA and DA, respectively. Furthermore, the toxicities of 1-5 in mice were examined by intracerebroventricular injection. The toxicity of 2 was less than that of KA; however, the mice injected with 2 showed symptoms similar to those induced by KA, while 3-5 did not induce typical symptoms of KA in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Maeno
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Tohoku University , 468-1 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba , Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8275 , Japan
| | - Ryuta Terada
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences , Kagoshima University , 1-21-24 Korimoto , Kagoshima 890-0065 , Japan
| | - Yuichi Kotaki
- Fukushima College , 1-1 Chigoike Miyashiro , Fukushima 960-0181 , Japan
| | - Yuko Cho
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Tohoku University , 468-1 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba , Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8275 , Japan
| | - Keiichi Konoki
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Tohoku University , 468-1 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba , Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8275 , Japan
| | - Mari Yotsu-Yamashita
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Tohoku University , 468-1 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba , Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8275 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Affiliation(s)
- Mathew L. Piotrowski
- Department of Chemistry; The University of; London, Ontario Western Ontario Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Michael A. Kerr
- Department of Chemistry; The University of; London, Ontario Western Ontario Canada N6A 5B7
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chekan JR, McKinnie SMK, Moore ML, Poplawski SG, Michael TP, Moore BS. Scalable Biosynthesis of the Seaweed Neurochemical, Kainic Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:8454-8457. [PMID: 30995339 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Kainic acid, the flagship member of the kainoid family of natural neurochemicals, is a widely used neuropharmacological agent that helped unravel the key role of ionotropic glutamate receptors, including the kainate receptor, in the central nervous system. Worldwide shortages of this seaweed natural product in the year 2000 prompted numerous chemical syntheses, including scalable preparations with as few as six-steps. Herein we report the discovery and characterization of the concise two-enzyme biosynthetic pathway to kainic acid from l-glutamic acid and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate in red macroalgae and show that the biosynthetic genes are co-clustered in genomes of Digenea simplex and Palmaria palmata. Moreover, we applied a key biosynthetic α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase enzyme in a biotransformation methodology to efficiently construct kainic acid on the gram scale. This study establishes both the feasibility of mining seaweed genomes for their biotechnological prowess.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Chekan
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Shaun M K McKinnie
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Malia L Moore
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | | | - Bradley S Moore
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chekan JR, McKinnie SMK, Moore ML, Poplawski SG, Michael TP, Moore BS. Scalable Biosynthesis of the Seaweed Neurochemical, Kainic Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201902910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R. Chekan
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and BiomedicineScripps Institution of OceanographyUniversity of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Shaun M. K. McKinnie
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and BiomedicineScripps Institution of OceanographyUniversity of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Malia L. Moore
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and BiomedicineScripps Institution of OceanographyUniversity of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | | | | | - Bradley S. Moore
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and BiomedicineScripps Institution of OceanographyUniversity of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
A unified stereoselective synthesis of 4-substituted kainoids is reported. Four kainic acid analogues were obtained in 8-11 steps with up to 54% overall yields. Starting from trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline, the sequence enables a late-stage modification of C4 substituents with sp2 nucleophiles. Stereoselective steps include a cerium-promoted nucleophilic addition and a palladium-catalyzed reduction. A 10-step route to acid 21a was also established to enable ready functionalization of the C4 position.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlin Tian
- Department of Chemistry , University of British Columbia , Kelowna , British Columbia V6T 1Z1 , Canada
| | - Frederic Menard
- Department of Chemistry , University of British Columbia , Kelowna , British Columbia V6T 1Z1 , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Takeuchi T, Kumagai N, Shibasaki M. Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Aldol Reaction of α-Vinyl Acetamide. J Org Chem 2018; 83:5851-5858. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Takeuchi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
| | - Naoya Kumagai
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Shibasaki
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lei H, Xin S, Qiu Y, Zhang X. Enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-kainic acid and (+)-acromelic acid C via Rh(i)-catalyzed asymmetric enyne cycloisomerization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:727-730. [PMID: 29214245 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc07967b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A diversity-oriented synthetic strategy was developed for the total synthesis of kainoid amino acids, which led to the enantioselective synthesis of (-)-kainic acid and the first total synthesis of (+)-acromelic acid C. Rh(i)-catalyzed asymmetric enyne cycloisomerization served as the key reaction in this strategy for the rapid construction of highly functionalized lactam, and the resulting vinyl acetate moiety was further utilized as a versatile building block for the installation of both isopropylidene and 2-pyridone units existing in natural kainoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Honghui Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li J, Ye Y, Zhang Y. Cycloaddition/annulation strategies for the construction of multisubstituted pyrrolidines and their applications in natural product synthesis. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo01077j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pyrrolidines are privileged substructures of numerous bioactive natural products and drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jundong Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- iChEM
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen
| | - Yilin Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- iChEM
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen
| | - Yandong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- iChEM
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sato T, Yoritate M, Tajima H, Chida N. Total synthesis of complex alkaloids by nucleophilic addition to amides. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:3864-3875. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00733k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This mini review focuses on the recent progress of total synthesis of complex alkaloids based on the nucleophilic additions toN-alkoxyamides, tertiary amides and secondary amides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University 3-14-1
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
| | - Makoto Yoritate
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University 3-14-1
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
| | - Hayato Tajima
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University 3-14-1
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
| | - Noritaka Chida
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University 3-14-1
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Takahashi K, Ito T, Yamada W, Tsubuki M, Honda T. A Formal Synthesis of (–)-Kainic Acid by Means of SmI2-Mediated Radical Cyclization. HETEROCYCLES 2018. [DOI: 10.3987/com-18-13898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
24
|
Suzuki J, Miyano N, Yashiro S, Umezawa T, Matsuda F. Total synthesis of (-)-kainic acid and (+)-allo-kainic acid through SmI 2-mediated intramolecular coupling between allyl chloride and an α,β-unsaturated ester. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:6557-6566. [PMID: 28748237 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01427a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A 3,4-disubstituted pyrrolidine ring was effectively cyclized through SmI2-mediated reductive coupling between allyl chloride and an α,β-unsaturated ester, although little has been reported about SmI2-promoted C-C bond formation of an allyl chloride with an α,β-unsaturated ester. Selection of either the 3,4-cis- or 3,4-trans-selective cyclization can be accomplished simply by changing the additives from NiI2 to HMPA during reductive cyclization conducted in H2O-THF. Total synthesis of (-)-kainic acid and (+)-allo-kainic acid, which are pyrrolidine alkaloids used in neuroscience and neuropharmacology as useful molecular probes, was successfully achieved by using the stereo-complementary ring closure reactions promoted by SmI2 for the construction of the 2,3,4-trisubsituted pyrrolidine scaffold of kainoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W5, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pilsl LKA, Ertl T, Reiser O. Enantioselective Three-Step Synthesis of Homo-β-proline: A Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropane as Key Intermediate. Org Lett 2017; 19:2754-2757. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig K. A. Pilsl
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Ertl
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Reiser
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Theodorou A, Kokotos CG. Green Organocatalytic Synthesis of Indolines and Pyrrolidines from Alkenes. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201601262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Theodorou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Panepistimiopolis 15771 Athens Greece
| | - Christoforos G. Kokotos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Panepistimiopolis 15771 Athens Greece
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Quintard A, Rodriguez J. Organocatalytic Activation of Diethyl Glutaconate for the Diastereo- and Enantioselective Assembly of NH-Free 2,3,4-Trisubstituted Pyrrolidines. Org Lett 2017; 19:722-725. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Quintard
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS,
Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Jean Rodriguez
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS,
Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Shi H, Li J, Liu Y, Du Z, Huang Z, Zhao N, Li N, Yang J. Formal total synthesis of (−)-kainic acid. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
29
|
Inai M, Ouchi H, Asahina A, Asakawa T, Hamashima Y, Kan T. Practical Total Syntheses of Acromelic Acids A and B. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 64:723-32. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c16-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Inai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Hitoshi Ouchi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Aya Asahina
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | | | | | - Toshiyuki Kan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Maury J, Clayden J. α-Quaternary Proline Derivatives by Intramolecular Diastereoselective Arylation of N-Carboxamido Proline Ester Enolates. J Org Chem 2015; 80:10757-68. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Maury
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang M, Watanabe K, Tsukamoto M, Shibuya R, Morimoto H, Ohshima T. A Short Scalable Route to (−)-α-Kainic Acid Using Pt-Catalyzed Direct Allylic Amination. Chemistry 2015; 21:3937-41. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
32
|
|
33
|
|
34
|
Aouadi K, Abdoul-Zabar J, Msaddek M, Praly JP. A Cycloaddition-Cyclization Combined Approach to Enantiopure 3-Glycinyl-4-hydroxypyrrolidines and 3-Substituted 4-Hydroxyprolines. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
35
|
Grosso C, Valentão P, Ferreres F, Andrade PB. Bioactive marine drugs and marine biomaterials for brain diseases. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:2539-89. [PMID: 24798925 PMCID: PMC4052305 DOI: 10.3390/md12052539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine invertebrates produce a plethora of bioactive compounds, which serve as inspiration for marine biotechnology, particularly in drug discovery programs and biomaterials development. This review aims to summarize the potential of drugs derived from marine invertebrates in the field of neuroscience. Therefore, some examples of neuroprotective drugs and neurotoxins will be discussed. Their role in neuroscience research and development of new therapies targeting the central nervous system will be addressed, with particular focus on neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. In addition, the neuronal growth promoted by marine drugs, as well as the recent advances in neural tissue engineering, will be highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Grosso
- REQUIMTE/Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Federico Ferreres
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, Campus University Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain.
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
A short total synthesis of (-)-kainic acid has been developed involving a novel diastereofacial differentiating Cu-catalyzed Michael addition-cyclization reaction, which provided access to a chiral pyrroline in a highly stereoselective manner. The chiral pyrroline was converted to (-)-kainic acid via the stereoselective 1,4-reduction of the pyrroline double bond in three steps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Oe
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University , Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yoshimitsu T. Endeavors to access molecular complexity: strategic use of free radicals in natural product synthesis. CHEM REC 2014; 14:268-79. [PMID: 24677484 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201300024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Free radicals, which in the past were considered unruly chemical species, have become manageable and indispensable for synthetic organic chemistry. The unique nature of free radicals has allowed practitioners in organic synthesis to design flexible approaches to produce various materials ranging from small molecules to polymers. The present Personal Account describes the author's endeavors to create molecular complexity by the strategic use of free radicals, with an emphasis on the synthesis of bioactive natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Yoshimitsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ouchi H, Asahina A, Asakawa T, Inai M, Hamashima Y, Kan T. Practical Total Syntheses of Acromelic Acids A and B. Org Lett 2014; 16:1980-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500529w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Ouchi
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Aya Asahina
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Asakawa
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Makoto Inai
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hamashima
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kan
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
This review covers the isolation, chemical structure, biological activity, structure activity relationships including synthesis of chemical probes, and pharmacological characterization of neuroactive marine natural products; 302 references are cited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Sakai
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate 041-8611, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
The Orthoester Johnson-Claisen Rearrangement in the Synthesis of Bioactive Molecules, Natural Products, and Synthetic Intermediates - Recent Advances. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
41
|
Álvarez S, Domínguez G, Gradillas A, Pérez-Castells J. Unusual Skeletal Rearrangement of Unsaturated Seven-Membered Lactams into Fused Pyrrolidinolactones. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
42
|
Procopiou G, Lewis W, Harbottle G, Stockman RA. Cycloaddition of chiral tert-butanesulfinimines with trimethylenemethane. Org Lett 2013; 15:2030-3. [PMID: 23556427 DOI: 10.1021/ol400720b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cycloaddition of chiral tert-butanesulfinimines with trimethylenemethane is found to give facile access to methylene-pyrrolidines with good yields and diastereoselectivities. The full scope of the cycloaddition is explored, and a range of transformations of the formed methylenepyrrolidines to give a range of functionalized chiral pyrrolidines is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Procopiou
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kesava Reddy N, Chandrasekhar S. Total synthesis of (-)-α-kainic acid via chirality transfer through Ireland-Claisen rearrangement. J Org Chem 2013; 78:3355-60. [PMID: 23470056 DOI: 10.1021/jo400001t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The total synthesis of (-)-α-Kainic acid is accomplished using a linear strategy involving Noyori asymmetric reduction and chirality transfer through Ireland-Claisen rearrangement as key steps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naredla Kesava Reddy
- Division of Natural Products Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India 500 007
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bhat C, Tilve SG. Tandem approaches for the synthesis of functionalized pyrrolidones: efficient routes toward allokainic acid and kainic acid. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|