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Sawano T, Takamura K, Yoshikawa T, Murata K, Koga M, Yamada R, Saito T, Tabata K, Ishii Y, Kashihara W, Nishihara T, Tanabe K, Suzuki T, Takeuchi R. Synthesis of azafluoranthenes by iridium-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition and evaluation of their fluorescence properties. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:323-331. [PMID: 36530147 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01921c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We report a method for the synthesis of azafluoranthenes under neutral reaction conditions in a highly atom-economical manner by the iridium-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of 1,8-dialkynylnaphthalenes with nitriles. A variety of nitriles react with methyl- or phenyl-substituted 1,8-dialkynylnaphthalenes to give a wide range of azafluoranthenes. Azafluoranthenes bearing an amino group show intense fluorescence at around 500 nm. Comparison of the fluorescence properties of amine-substituted azafluoranthenes with related compounds revealed the importance of the amine moiety for obtaining a high fluorescence quantum yield. The choice of the solvent affected the emission maxima and the fluorescence quantum yield. Azafluoranthenes bearing pyrrolidine exhibited blue-shifted emission bands in a non-polar solvent and gave a fluorescence quantum yield of 0.76 in toluene. A Lippert-Mataga plot and computational studies provide insight into the origin of the fluorescence of azafluoranthenes. Furthermore, cellular experiments using human breast adenocarcinoma cells SK-BR-3 demonstrated the feasibility of using azafluoranthenes as fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Sawano
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Kaho Takamura
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Tomoka Yoshikawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Kayo Murata
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Marina Koga
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Risa Yamada
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Takahide Saito
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Kazumasa Tabata
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Yugo Ishii
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Wataru Kashihara
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Nishihara
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Kazuhito Tanabe
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Ryo Takeuchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
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Li X, Zhang D, Xu L, Han Y, Liu W, Li W, Fan Z, Costanzo RM, Strauss Iii JF, Zhang Z, Wang H. Planar cell polarity defects and hearing loss in sperm-associated antigen 6 ( Spag6)-deficient mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 320:C132-C141. [PMID: 33175573 PMCID: PMC7846974 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00166.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Spag6 encodes an axoneme central apparatus protein that is required for normal flagellar and cilia motility. Recent findings suggest that Spag6 also plays a role in ciliogenesis, orientation of cilia basal feet, and planar polarity. Sensory cells of the inner ear display unique structural features that underlie their mechanosensitivity. They represent a distinctive form of cellular polarity, known as planar cell polarity (PCP). However, a role for Spag6 in the inner ear has not yet been explored. In the present study, the function of Spag6 in the inner ear was examined using Spag6-deficient mice. Our results demonstrate hearing loss in the Spag6 mutants, associated with abnormalities in cellular patterning, cell shape, stereocilia bundles, and basal bodies, as well as abnormally distributed Frizzled class receptor 6 (FZD6), suggesting that Spag6 participates in PCP regulation. Moreover, we found that the subapical microtubule meshwork was disrupted. Our observations suggest new functions for Spag6 in hearing and PCP in the inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Daogong Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuechen Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Zhaomin Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Richard M Costanzo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Jerome F Strauss Iii
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Zhibing Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Haibo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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Giri R, Alberts I, Harding WW. Synthesis, pharmacological evaluations, and molecular docking studies on a new 1,3,4,11b-tetrahydro-1H-fluoreno[9,1-cd]azepine framework: Rigidification of D 1 receptor selective 1-phenylbenzazepines and discovery of a new 5-HT 6 receptor scaffold. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 96:825-835. [PMID: 32279445 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The novel 1,3,4,11b-tetrahydro-1H-fluoreno[9,1-cd]azepine framework, a structurally rigidified variant of the 1-phenylbenzazepine template, was synthesized via direct arylation as a key reaction. Evaluation of the binding affinities of the rigidified compounds across a battery of serotonin, dopamine, and adrenergic receptors indicates that this scaffold unexpectedly has minimal affinity for D1 and other dopamine receptors and is selective for the 5-HT6 receptor. The affinity of these systems at the 5-HT6 receptor is significantly influenced by electronic and hydrophobic interactions as well as the enhanced rigidity of the ligands. Molecular docking studies indicate that the reduced D1 receptor affinity of the rigidified compounds may be due in part to weaker H-bonding interactions between the oxygenated moieties on the compounds and specific receptor residues. Key receptor-ligand H-bonding interactions, salt bridges, and π-π interactions appear to be responsible for the 5-HT6 receptor affinity of the compounds. Compounds 10 (6,7-dimethoxy-2,3,4,11b-tetrahydro-1H-fluoreno[9,1-cd]azepine) and 12 (6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-2,3,4,11b-tetrahydro-1H-fluoreno[9,1-cd]azepine) have been identified as structurally novel, high affinity (Ki = 5 nM), selective 5-HT6 receptor ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Giri
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, NY, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ian Alberts
- Department of Natural Sciences, LaGuardia Community College, Long Island City, NY, USA
| | - Wayne W Harding
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, NY, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, New York, NY, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, New York, NY, USA
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Wang XJ, Zhang Q, Peng YR, Li L, Qu J, Liu YB, Xu S, Ma SG, Li Y, Zou ZM, Wang RB, Yu SS. Two azafluoranthene alkaloids and a phytoecdysone from the stems of Cyclea barbata. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2019; 21:217-226. [PMID: 30739491 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2018.1564137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Two new azafluoranthene alkaloids (1 and 2), and a new phytoecdysone (3), were isolated from the stems of Cyclea barbata Miers, together with six known compounds (4-9). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis and comparison with published data. This is the first report of azafluoranthene alkaloids (1 and 2) and phytoecdysones (3, 8, and 9) from Cyclea genus. In in vitro bioassay, four isolates (3, 5, 6, and 9) showed moderate hepatoprotective activity against N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP)-induced toxicity in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Qi Zhang
- b College of pharmacy , Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine , Nanning 530200 , China
| | - Yu-Ru Peng
- b College of pharmacy , Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine , Nanning 530200 , China
| | - Li Li
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Jing Qu
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Yun-Bao Liu
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Song Xu
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Shuang-Gang Ma
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Yong Li
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Zhong-Mei Zou
- c Institute of Medicinal Plant Development , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Ru-Bing Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Shi-Shan Yu
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
- b College of pharmacy , Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine , Nanning 530200 , China
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Srivastava AK, Kumar A, Pandey SK, Misra N. Spectroscopic analyses, intra-molecular interaction, chemical reactivity and molecular docking of imerubrine into bradykinin receptor. Med Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1710-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Khunnawutmanotham N, Sahakitpichan P, Chimnoi N, Techasakul S. Divergent Total Syntheses to Azafluoranthene and Dehydroaporphine Alkaloids. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Srivastava AK, Pandey AK, Jain S, Misra N. FT-IR spectroscopy, intra-molecular C-H⋯O interactions, HOMO, LUMO, MESP analysis and biological activity of two natural products, triclisine and rufescine: DFT and QTAIM approaches. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 136 Pt B:682-689. [PMID: 25315865 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study deals with two natural products, triclisine and rufescine which are extracted from the Amazonian wines but ubiquitous in nature. The quantum chemical density functional method at B3PW91/6-311+G(d,p) level is used to obtain the equilibrium geometries of these molecules. The quantum theory of atoms-in-molecule approach is employed to study various intra-molecular C-H⋯O interactions within these molecules. We have also performed vibrational analyses of triclisine and rufescine at their equilibrium geometries and presented the complete assignments of the significant vibrational modes. The calculated vibrational frequencies are shown to be in perfect agreement with the experimentally observed FTIR spectra of molecules under study. In addition, the electronic properties of these molecules are also discussed with the help of HOMO-LUMO and MESP surfaces and a number of electronic as well as thermodynamic parameters are calculated which are closely related to their chemical reactivity and reaction paths. The biological activities of both molecules have also been predicted which highlight their pharmacological importance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anoop Kumar Pandey
- Department of Physics, Govt. D.P.G. College, Dantewada, Chhattisgarh 494449, India
| | - Sudha Jain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226007, India
| | - Neeraj Misra
- Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226007, India.
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Synthesis of hexahydrocyclopenta[ij]isoquinolines as a new class of dopaminergic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 90:101-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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One-Pot α-Amidosulfone-Mediated Variation of the Pictet-Spengler Tetrahydroisoquinoline Synthesis, Suitable for Amide-Type Substrates. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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10
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Ponnala S, Kapadia N, Navarro HA, Harding WW. Aporphinoid antagonists of 5-HT2A receptors: further evaluation of ring A substituents and the size of ring C. Chem Biol Drug Des 2014; 84:558-66. [PMID: 24766771 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of ring A-modified analogs of nantenine as well as structural variants in ring C were synthesized and evaluated for antagonist activity at 5-HT2A and α1A receptors. Halogenation improves 5-HT2A antagonist potency in molecules containing a C1 methoxyl/C2 methoxyl or C1 methoxyl/C2 hydroxyl moiety. Bromination or iodination (but not chlorination) with the latter moiety also significantly increased α1A antagonist potency. Homologation or contraction of ring C adversely affected antagonist activity at both receptors, implying that a six-membered ring C motif is beneficial for high antagonist potency at both receptors. Molecular docking studies suggest that the improved antagonist activity (by virtue of improved affinity) of C3-halogenated aporphines in this study is attributable to favorable interactions with the C3 halogen and F339 and/or F340.
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Genus caulophyllum: an overview of chemistry and bioactivity. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:684508. [PMID: 24876877 PMCID: PMC4024411 DOI: 10.1155/2014/684508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Recently, some promising advances have been achieved in understanding the chemistry, pharmacology, and action mechanisms of constituents from genus Caulophyllum. Despite this, there is to date no systematic review of those of genus Caulophyllum. This review covers naturally occurring alkaloids and saponins and those resulting from synthetic novel taspine derivatives. The paper further discussed several aspects of this genus, including pharmacological properties, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and cell membrane chromatography for activity screening. The aim of this paper is to provide a point of reference for pharmaceutical researchers to develop new drugs from constituents of Caulophyllum plants.
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