1
|
Joshi A, Iqbal Z, Kandwal P, De SR. Pd(II)–Catalyzed Non–Directed Benzylic C(sp3)–H Activation: Cascade C(sp3)–S Bond Cleavage to Access Benzaldehydes from Benzylphenyl Sulfides and Sulfoxides. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asha Joshi
- NIT Uttarakhand: National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Department of Chemistry Srinagar INDIA
| | - Zafar Iqbal
- NIT Uttarakhand: National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Department of Chemistry Srinagar INDIA
| | - Pankaj Kandwal
- NIT Uttarakhand: National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Department of Chemistry Srinagar INDIA
| | - Saroj Ranjan De
- National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Dept. of Chemistry Srinagar Garhwal 246174 Srinagar INDIA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bracher F, Glas C, Wirawan R. A Short Approach to N-Aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines from N-(2-Bromobenzyl)anilines via a Reductive Amination/Palladium-Catalyzed Ethoxyvinylation/Reductive N-Alkylation Sequence. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1706002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
N-Aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines are obtained via a convenient and short protocol with a broad range of substituents on both aromatic rings and high functional group tolerance. Starting from readily available ortho-brominated aromatic aldehydes and primary aromatic amines, condensation of these building blocks under reductive conditions gives N-aryl 2-bromobenzylamines. The C-3/C-4-unit of the tetrahydroisoquinoline is introduced using commercially available 2-ethoxyvinyl pinacolboronate under Suzuki conditions. Finally, the obtained crude ortho-ethoxyvinyl benzylamines are cyclized via an intramolecular reductive amination using the combination of triethylsilane/TFA to give the desired N-aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines.
Collapse
|
3
|
Brześkiewicz J, Stańska B, Dąbrowski P, Loska R. C−H Activation and Cross‐Coupling of Acyclic Aldonitrone. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Brześkiewicz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Barbara Stańska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Piotr Dąbrowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Rafał Loska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ide T, Barham JP, Fujita M, Kawato Y, Egami H, Hamashima Y. Regio- and chemoselective Csp 3-H arylation of benzylamines by single electron transfer/hydrogen atom transfer synergistic catalysis. Chem Sci 2018; 9:8453-8460. [PMID: 30542595 PMCID: PMC6244453 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02965b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a highly regio- and chemoselective Csp3-H arylation of benzylamines mediated by synergy of single electron transfer (SET) and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) catalysis. Under well precedented SET catalysis alone, the arylation reaction of N,N-dimethylbenzylamine proceeded via aminium radical cation formation and selectively targeted the N-methyl group. In contrast, addition of PhC(O)SH as a HAT catalyst precursor completely switched the regioselectivity to Csp3-H arylation at the N-benzylic position. Measurement of oxidation potentials indicated that the conjugate base of PhC(O)SH is oxidized in preference to the substrate amine. The discovery of the thiocarboxylate as a novel HAT catalyst allowed for the selective generation of the sulfur-centered radical, so that the N-benzyl selectivity was achieved by overriding the inherent N-methyl and/or N-methylene selectivity under SET catalysis conditions. While visible light-driven α-C-H functionalization of amines has mostly been demonstrated with aniline derivatives and tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs), our method is applicable to a variety of primary, secondary and tertiary benzylamines for efficient N-benzylic C-H arylation. Functional group tolerance was high, and various 1,1-diarylmethylamines, including an α,α,α-trisubstituted amine, were obtained in good to excellent yield (up to 98%). Importantly, the reaction is applicable to late-stage functionalization of pharmaceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Ide
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku , Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan .
| | - Joshua P Barham
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku , Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan .
| | - Masashi Fujita
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku , Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan .
| | - Yuji Kawato
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku , Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan .
| | - Hiromichi Egami
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku , Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan .
| | - Yoshitaka Hamashima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku , Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan .
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nareddy P, Jordan F, Szostak M. Recent Developments in Ruthenium-Catalyzed C–H Arylation: Array of Mechanistic Manifolds. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Nareddy
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Frank Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Aryl chlorides are readily available at lower cost than the corresponding bromides and iodides, but are much more challenging as substrates in metal-catalyzed cross-couplings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Feng Zha
- School of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Life Science
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Hua-Li Qin
- School of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Life Science
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Eric Assen B. Kantchev
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fernández-Salas JA, Marelli E, Nolan SP. Synthesis of (diarylmethyl)amines using Ni-catalyzed arylation of C(sp 3)-H bonds. Chem Sci 2015; 6:4973-4977. [PMID: 27019690 PMCID: PMC4786957 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01589h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The first nickel catalyzed deprotonative cross coupling between C(sp3)-H bonds and aryl chlorides is reported, allowing the challenging arylation of benzylimines in the absence of directing group or stoichiometric metal activation. This methodology represents a convenient access to the (diarylmethyl)amine moiety, which is widespread in pharmaceutically relevant compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Enrico Marelli
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry , University of St Andrews , St Andrews , KY16 9ST , UK .
| | - Steven P Nolan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry , University of St Andrews , St Andrews , KY16 9ST , UK . ; Chemistry Department , College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pollice R, Schnürch M. Investigations into the Kinetic Modeling of the Direct Alkylation of Benzylic Amines: Dissolution of K2CO3 Is Responsible for the Observation of an Induction Period. J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Pollice
- Institute of Applied Synthetic
Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/163-OC, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Michael Schnürch
- Institute of Applied Synthetic
Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/163-OC, Vienna 1060, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pollice R, Dastbaravardeh N, Marquise N, Mihovilovic MD, Schnürch M. Mechanistic and Kinetic Studies of the Direct Alkylation of Benzylic Amines: A Formal C(sp 3)-H Activation Proceeds Actually via a C(sp 2)-H Activation Pathway. ACS Catal 2015; 5:587-595. [PMID: 25838971 PMCID: PMC4372103 DOI: 10.1021/cs501924c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Mechanistic investigations of a Rh(I)-catalyzed direct C-H alkylation of benzylic amines with alkenes, formally an C(sp3)-H activation, reveal this reaction to proceed via imine intermediates and, hence, via C(sp2)-H activation. The reaction shows a primary kinetic isotope effect of 4.3 at the benzylic C-H position together with a reversible H-D exchange at the same position, which indicates that there are at least two distinct steps in which the corresponding C-H bonds are broken. The imine intermediates are shown to be converted to the final product under the reaction conditions, and a time course analysis of the alkylated imine intermediate shows that it is formed before the final amine product in the course of the reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Pollice
- Institute of Applied Synthetic
Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/163-OC, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | | | - Nada Marquise
- Institute of Applied Synthetic
Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/163-OC, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Marko D. Mihovilovic
- Institute of Applied Synthetic
Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/163-OC, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Michael Schnürch
- Institute of Applied Synthetic
Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/163-OC, Vienna 1060, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ackermann L. Robust Ruthenium(II)-Catalyzed C–H Arylations: Carboxylate Assistance for the Efficient Synthesis of Angiotensin-II-Receptor Blockers. Org Process Res Dev 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/op500330g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lahm G, Opatz T. Unique regioselectivity in the C(sp3)-H α-alkylation of amines: the benzoxazole moiety as a removable directing group. Org Lett 2014; 16:4201-3. [PMID: 25057785 DOI: 10.1021/ol501935d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The benzoxazol-2-yl- substituent was found to act as a removable activating and directing group in the Ir-catalyzed alkylation of C(sp(3))-H bonds adjacent to nitrogen in secondary amines. It can be easily introduced by oxidative coupling or by an SNAr reaction, and it can be removed by hydroxide or by hydride reduction. For 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines, activation exclusively takes place in the 3-position. A variety of activated as well as unactivated terminal olefins are suitable reaction partners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Günther Lahm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University , Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Kapdi AR. Organometallic aspects of transition-metal catalysed regioselective C–H bond functionalisation of arenes and heteroarenes. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:3021-34. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52737a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
14
|
Sarkar S, Jana M, Narender T. Metal-Free DirectedorthoC-H Iodination: Synthesis of 2′-Iodobiaryl-2-carbonitriles. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
15
|
Liu W, Li Y, Wang Y, Kuang C. Site-Selective Direct Arylation of 1,2,3-TriazoleN-Oxides. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
16
|
Muramatsu W, Nakano K, Li CJ. Simple and direct sp3 C-H bond arylation of tetrahydroisoquinolines and isochromans via 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone oxidation under mild conditions. Org Lett 2013; 15:3650-3. [PMID: 23815788 DOI: 10.1021/ol401534g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ)-mediated sp(3) C-H bond arylation of tetrahydroisoquinolines and isochromans is described. The corresponding products were facilely synthesized via a simple nucleophilic addition reaction between readily available aryl Grignard reagents and iminium (or oxonium) cations generated in situ by DDQ oxidation of tetrahydroisoquinolines (or isochromans) under mild conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Muramatsu
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|