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Can deep eutectic solvents be the best alternatives to ionic liquids and organic solvents: A perspective in enzyme catalytic reactions. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:255-269. [PMID: 35835302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
As a new generation of green solvents, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been considered as a promising alternative to classical organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs). DESs are normally formed by two or more components via various h-bonds interactions. Up to date, four types of DESs are found, namely, type I DESs (formed by MClx, namely FeCl2, AlCl3, ZnCl2, CuCl2 and AgCl et al., and quaternary ammonium salts); type II DESs (formed by metal chloride hydrates and quaternary ammonium salts); type III DESs (formed by choline chlorides and different kinds of HBDs) and type IV DESs (formed by salts of transition metals and urea). DESs share many advantages, such as low vapor pressure, good substrate solubility and thermal stability, with ILs, and offering a high potential to be the medium of biocatalysis reactions. In this case, this paper reviews the applications of DESs in enzymatic reactions. Lipases are the most widely used enzyme in DESs systems as their versatile applications in various reactions and robustness. Interestingly, DESs can improve the efficiency of these reactions via enhancing the substrates solubility and the activity and stability of enzymes. Therefore, the directed engineering of DESs for special reactions such as degradation of polymers in high temperature or strong acid-base conditions will be one of the future perspectives of the investigation DESs.
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2
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Procopio D, Siciliano C, Trombino S, Dumitrescu DE, Suciu F, Di Gioia ML. Green solvents for the formation of amide linkages. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 20:1137-1149. [PMID: 34821895 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01814k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The formation of the amide bond is among the most commonly performed transformations in the pharmaceutical industry and the wider chemical industry. The current methods for its installation in organic compounds frequently rely on the use of large amounts of organic solvents, mainly N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), and dichloromethane (DCM), which have been associated with adverse environmental and health concerns over the last decades. This fact led academia and industry to make significant efforts toward the development of synthetic routes with the aim to avoid, reduce or replace the use of hazardous solvents. The present review fits into this framework and discusses the literature existing over the past ten years on strategies for reducing and replacing hazardous solvents, focusing on the use of biobased and neoteric solvents, such as ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents (ILs and DESs, respectively), and on the reaction media that proved to be greener alternatives for amide bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Procopio
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, Department of Excellence L. 232/2016, Edificio Polifunzionale, Università della Calabria, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - Carlo Siciliano
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, Department of Excellence L. 232/2016, Edificio Polifunzionale, Università della Calabria, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - Sonia Trombino
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, Department of Excellence L. 232/2016, Edificio Polifunzionale, Università della Calabria, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - Denisa Elena Dumitrescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ovidius, University Constanta, Str. Cpt. Av. Al. Serbanescu, Campus Corp C, Constanta, Romania
| | - Felicia Suciu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ovidius, University Constanta, Str. Cpt. Av. Al. Serbanescu, Campus Corp C, Constanta, Romania
| | - Maria Luisa Di Gioia
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, Department of Excellence L. 232/2016, Edificio Polifunzionale, Università della Calabria, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
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3
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Calvo‐Flores FG, Mingorance‐Sánchez C. Deep Eutectic Solvents and Multicomponent Reactions: Two Convergent Items to Green Chemistry Strategies. ChemistryOpen 2021; 10:815-829. [PMID: 34402596 PMCID: PMC8369850 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the highlights of green chemistry is the development of techniques and procedures with low environmental impact. In the last years, deep eutectic solvents (DES) have become an important alternative to conventional organic solvents. For a period ionic liquids have provoked remarkable interest, but they have been displaced by DES because they show easier preparation methods, lower prices, many of them are biodegradable and compatible with biological systems. In addition, they show adjustable physicochemical properties, high thermal stability, low volatility and are compatible with water. In this paper is reviewed the state of the art of the use of DES paying special attention to the role of reaction media in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco G. Calvo‐Flores
- Grupo de Modelización MolecularDpto. de Química OrgánicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de Granada18071GranadaSpain
| | - Cristina Mingorance‐Sánchez
- Grupo de Modelización MolecularDpto. de Química OrgánicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de Granada18071GranadaSpain
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Guajardo N, Ahumada K, Domínguez de María P. Immobilization of Pseudomonas stutzeri lipase through Cross-linking Aggregates (CLEA) for reactions in Deep Eutectic Solvents. J Biotechnol 2021; 337:18-23. [PMID: 34171440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The use of deep eutectic solvents (DES) with buffer as cosolvent (up to 10 % v/v) leads to low-viscous media in which lipases can perform synthetic reactions, instead of hydrolysis. This paper explores the immobilization of Pseudomonas stutzeri lipase (TL) in cross-linking aggregates (CLEA) to deliver robust derivatives that are active in media like choline chloride - glycerol DES with buffer as cosolvent. While the free TL enzyme was markedly inactive in these media, TL-CLEA derivatives perform esterifications and can be reused several times. Overall, results are consistent with previous experiments reported for other lipases in these DES-water media and confirm that CLEA immobilization turns out a very useful and straightforward alternative for generating active (bio)catalysts for DES-aqueous media systems. Immobilized systems open the possibility of performing continuous processes in low-viscous DES-buffer media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Guajardo
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, San Joaquín, Santiago, Chile.
| | | | - Pablo Domínguez de María
- Sustainable Momentum, SL. Av. Ansite 3, 4-6, 35011, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Is, Spain
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5
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Nahar Y, Thickett SC. Greener, Faster, Stronger: The Benefits of Deep Eutectic Solvents in Polymer and Materials Science. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:447. [PMID: 33573280 PMCID: PMC7866798 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) represent an emergent class of green designer solvents that find numerous applications in different aspects of chemical synthesis. A particularly appealing aspect of DES systems is their simplicity of preparation, combined with inexpensive, readily available starting materials to yield solvents with appealing properties (negligible volatility, non-flammability and high solvation capacity). In the context of polymer science, DES systems not only offer an appealing route towards replacing hazardous volatile organic solvents (VOCs), but can serve multiple roles including those of solvent, monomer and templating agent-so called "polymerizable eutectics." In this review, we look at DES systems and polymerizable eutectics and their application in polymer materials synthesis, including various mechanisms of polymer formation, hydrogel design, porous monoliths, and molecularly imprinted polymers. We provide a comparative study of these systems alongside traditional synthetic approaches, highlighting not only the benefit of replacing VOCs from the perspective of environmental sustainability, but also the materials advantage with respect to mechanical and thermal properties of the polymers formed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stuart C. Thickett
- School of Natural Sciences—Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia;
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6
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Kist JA, Zhao H, Mitchell-Koch KR, Baker GA. The study and application of biomolecules in deep eutectic solvents. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:536-566. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01656j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents offer stimulating possibilities for biomolecular stabilization and manipulation, biocatalysis, bioextraction, biomass processing, and drug delivery and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Kist
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Missouri-Columbia
- Columbia
- USA
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Northern Colorado
- Greeley
- USA
| | | | - Gary A. Baker
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Missouri-Columbia
- Columbia
- USA
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7
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Nahar Y, Horne J, Truong V, Bissember AC, Thickett SC. Preparation of thermoresponsive hydrogels via polymerizable deep eutectic monomer solvents. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01159b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report the preparation of thermoresponsive hydrogels via free-radical polymerization and crosslinking of NIPAM based deep eutectic monomer solvents (DEMs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeasmin Nahar
- School of Natural Sciences (Chemistry)
- University of Tasmania
- Hobart
- Australia
| | - James Horne
- Central Science Laboratory
- University of Tasmania
- Hobart
- Australia
| | - Vinh Truong
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Alex C. Bissember
- School of Natural Sciences (Chemistry)
- University of Tasmania
- Hobart
- Australia
| | - Stuart C. Thickett
- School of Natural Sciences (Chemistry)
- University of Tasmania
- Hobart
- Australia
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8
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Mao S, Wang X, Zhang Z, Wang S, Li K, Lu F, Qin H. 15α-hydroxylation of D-ethylgonendione by Penicillium raistrickii in deep eutectic solvents DESs containing system. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bjelić A, Hočevar B, Grilc M, Novak U, Likozar B. A review of sustainable lignocellulose biorefining applying (natural) deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for separations, catalysis and enzymatic biotransformation processes. REV CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2019-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Conventional biorefinery processes are complex, engineered and energy-intensive, where biomass fractionation, a key functional step for the production of biomass-derived chemical substances, demands industrial organic solvents and harsh, environmentally harmful reaction conditions. There is a timely, clear and unmet economic need for a systematic, robust and affordable conversion method technology to become greener, sustainable and cost-effective. In this perspective, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been envisaged as the most advanced novel polar liquids that are entirely made of natural, molecular compounds that are capable of an association via hydrogen bonding interactions. DES has quickly emerged in various application functions thanks to a formulations’ simple preparation. These molecules themselves are biobased, renewable, biodegradable and eco-friendly. The present experimental review is providing the state of the art topical overview of trends regarding the employment of DESs in investigated biorefinery-related techniques. This review covers DESs for lignocellulosic component isolation, applications as (co)catalysts and their functionality range in biocatalysis. Furthermore, a special section of the DESs recyclability is included. For DESs to unlock numerous new (reactive) possibilities in future biorefineries, the critical estimation of its complexity in the reaction, separation, or fractionation medium should be addressed more in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bjelić
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering , National Institute of Chemistry , Hajdrihova 19 , 1001 Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Brigita Hočevar
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering , National Institute of Chemistry , Hajdrihova 19 , 1001 Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Miha Grilc
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering , National Institute of Chemistry , Hajdrihova 19 , 1001 Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Uroš Novak
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering , National Institute of Chemistry , Hajdrihova 19 , 1001 Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Blaž Likozar
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering , National Institute of Chemistry , Hajdrihova 19 , 1001 Ljubljana , Slovenia
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Núñez-Pertíñez S, Wilks TR. Deep Eutectic Solvents as Media for the Prebiotic DNA-Templated Synthesis of Peptides. Front Chem 2020; 8:41. [PMID: 32083058 PMCID: PMC7005209 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Translation of genetic information into peptide products is one of the fundamental processes of biology. How this occurred prebiotically, in the absence of enzyme catalysts, is an intriguing question. Nucleic acid-templated synthesis (NATS) promotes reactions by bringing building blocks tethered to complementary DNA strands into close proximity and has been shown to enable peptide synthesis without enzymes—it could therefore serve as a model for prebiotic translation of information stored in nucleic acid sequences into functional peptides. The decomposition of highly reactive DNA adapters has so far limited the effectiveness of NATS, but these studies have been performed exclusively in aqueous solution. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been proposed as a feasible solvent for prebiotic replication of nucleic acids, and here are studied as media for prebiotic translation using NATS as a model. DESs are shown to enhance the stability of DNA-conjugated activated esters, the precursors of peptides. However, this enhanced stability was coupled with decreased amine reactivity that hampered the formation of peptide bonds in DESs. These properties are exploited to demonstrate the storage of DNA-conjugated activated esters in a DES followed by transfer into aqueous buffer to activate the NATS of peptides “on demand.” These findings, together with the reported functions of DESs in prebiotic processes, shed light on how DESs could have facilitated the non-enzymatic translation of genetic information into functional peptides on the early Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas R Wilks
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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11
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Pätzold M, Siebenhaller S, Kara S, Liese A, Syldatk C, Holtmann D. Deep Eutectic Solvents as Efficient Solvents in Biocatalysis. Trends Biotechnol 2019; 37:943-959. [PMID: 31000203 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
'Ideal' solvents in biocatalysis have to fulfill a large number of requirements, such as high substrate solubility, high enzyme activity and stability, and positive effects on reaction equilibrium. In the past decades, many enzymatic synthesis routes in water-based and nonaqueous (organic solvents, ionic or supercritical fluids) reaction media have been developed. However, no solvent meets every demand for different reaction types at the same time, and there is still a need for novel solvents suited for different reaction types and applications. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have recently been evaluated as solvents in different biocatalytic reactions. They can improve substrate supply, conversion, and stability. The best results were obtained when the DES is formed by the substrates of an enzymatic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Pätzold
- DECHEMA Research Institute, Industrial Biotechnology, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Denickestr. 15, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sascha Siebenhaller
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences 2 - Technical Biology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Selin Kara
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Denickestr. 15, 21073 Hamburg, Germany; Aarhus University, Department of Engineering, Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing Group, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Andreas Liese
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Denickestr. 15, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Syldatk
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences 2 - Technical Biology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Dirk Holtmann
- DECHEMA Research Institute, Industrial Biotechnology, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Guajardo N, Schrebler RA, Domínguez de María P. From batch to fed-batch and to continuous packed-bed reactors: Lipase-catalyzed esterifications in low viscous deep-eutectic-solvents with buffer as cosolvent. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 273:320-325. [PMID: 30448684 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This work explores for the first time the use of Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) with phosphate buffer 100 mM pH 7 as cosolvent (10% v/v) in biocatalytic reactions in fed-batch and packed-bed bioreactors. The lipase-catalyzed esterification of glycerol and benzoic acid is studied, as it involves two substrates with different polarities (for which DES are needed). In the fed-batch bioreactor, the highest conversion (90%) was obtained at a substrate flow rate of 0.01 mL/min. The fed-batch operation increased the conversion by 59% compared to the batch mode. Regarding productivity, semi-continuous and continuous bioreactors showed analogous results. Upon recirculation of the reaction media in the continuous bioreactor, a conversion of 67% was achieved in 7 cycles of operation. The stability of the biocatalyst in the packed-bed bioreactor decreased only 2% in 10 days, demonstrating the attractiveness that low viscous DES-water mixtures with continuous processes may have.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Guajardo
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, San Joaquín, Santiago, Chile.
| | | | - Pablo Domínguez de María
- Sustainable Momentum, SL. Av. Ansite 3, 4-6, 35011, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Is, Spain
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13
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Highly active nanobiocatalysis in deep eutectic solvents via metal-driven enzyme-surfactant nanocomposite. J Biotechnol 2019; 292:39-49. [PMID: 30690095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Metal-driven papain-surfactant nanocomposite (PA@MSNC), a novel soft nanobiocatalyst, was successfully prepared via one-pot self-assembly technique in aqueous solution for the biosynthesis of N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-L-alanyl-L-glutamine (Z-Ala-Gln) dipeptide in deep eutectic solvents (DESs). The metal-driven self-assembly process generated PA@MSNC as nanospheres of ˜130 nm in diameter, with high protein loading and relative enzyme activity of 420 mg/g and 80% (4270 U/g protein), respectively. PA@MSNC showed high apparent substrate affinity and catalytic efficiency. The stability of PA@MSNC at high temperature and extreme pH was significantly higher than that of free PA. Catalysis efficiency for the biosynthesis of Z-Ala-Gln by PA@MSNC in choline chloride: glycerol reaction medium was 1.69-fold higher than that of free PA, achieving a high product yield of 75.7% within 4 h. PA@MSNC also showed better techno-economic performance. We propose that enzyme-surfactant nanocomposite via metal-driven dynamically reversible coordination interactions contribute simultaneously promotes catalytic flexibility and configurational stability. The generated PA@MSNC has potential practical implications for green synthesis of dipeptide in DESs.
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Niknaddaf F, Shahangian SS, Heydari A, Hosseinkhani S, Sajedi RH. Deep Eutectic Solvents as a New Generation of Chemical Chaperones. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Forouzan Niknaddaf
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| | | | - Akbar Heydari
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Basic Sciences; Tarbiat Modares University Tehran; Iran
| | - Saman Hosseinkhani
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| | - Reza H. Sajedi
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
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15
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Guajardo N, Ahumada K, Domínguez de María P, Schrebler RA. Remarkable stability of Candida antarctica lipase B immobilized via cross-linking aggregates (CLEA) in deep eutectic solvents. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2018.1492567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Guajardo
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile
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16
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Guajardo N, de María PD. Lipases in Green Chemistry: Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) as New Green Solvents. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1835:351-357. [PMID: 30109662 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8672-9_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DES) may become important alternatives as versatile, biodegradable, and cost-effective solvents for biocatalysis. Especially for reactions where substrates and products of different polarities are combined, the design of a tailored solvent that may dissolve all compounds-while being enzyme-compatible at the same time-appears to be a strong ally in sustainable chemistry. Herein it is shown that the combination of DES with "water as cosolvent" (in a range from 5% to 20% water, v/v) leads to non-conventional solvents with significantly reduced viscosity. In these media, lipases and proteases can perform synthetic reactions efficiently, and hydrolytic side reactions remain suppressed (even at 20% water, v/v). The use of these less viscous non-conventional media could also provide options for hydrolase-catalyzed synthetic reactions even in continuous fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Guajardo
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile.
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17
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Ahmadi R, Hemmateenejad B, Safavi A, Shojaeifard Z, Shahsavar A, Mohajeri A, Heydari Dokoohaki M, Zolghadr AR. Deep eutectic-water binary solvent associations investigated by vibrational spectroscopy and chemometrics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:18463-18473. [PMID: 29947372 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00409a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of the behaviour of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as novel green solvents in the presence of other solvents is of great interest. In this study the behaviour of a common natural DES, namely choline chloride-glycerol deep eutectic solvent (GDES), was studied in the presence of water. A detailed study of the association of the two solvents was performed by integration of two vibrational spectroscopic methods (FTIR and Raman spectroscopy) followed by multivariate analysis. Moreover, a binary mixture of glycerol (Gly) as one of the liquid constituents of GDES and water was explored under the same conditions. A quintuplet and ternary systems were resolved for GDES-water and Gly-water probes, respectively, using multivariate analysis of global data (multi-technique and multi-experiment data arrangements). The results confirmed that in the presence of water the GDES showed different behaviour from its components. Therefore, a DES can be introduced as an independent solvent with its unique properties. Also, different H-bond interaction energies of GDES and its pure components in the presence of water were shown by theoretical calculations based on a density functional theory framework. To investigate the effects of water on the structure of GDES, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of GDES-water liquid mixtures were performed at 0.9 mole fraction of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ahmadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 7194684795, Iran.
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18
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Wang M, Xing J, Sun YT, Guo LX, Lin BP, Yang H. Thiol-ene photoimmobilization of chymotrypsin on polysiloxane gels for enzymatic peptide synthesis. RSC Adv 2018; 8:11843-11849. [PMID: 35539381 PMCID: PMC9079220 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13320k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical incorporation of enzymes onto polymeric materials has recently attracted intense scientific attention. Cross-linked polysiloxane gels as a typical super-hydrophobic support, are a good candidate for supporting enzymes in low-water organic medium to efficiently catalyze peptide synthesis because the hydrophobic polysiloxane matrix can prevent water from attacking the acyl-enzyme intermediate, which is beneficial for the shift in equilibrium to peptide formation. In this work, we develop a facile strategy to photoimmobilize olefin-functionalized chymotrypsin onto cross-linked polysiloxane gels via UV-initiated thiol-ene click chemistry. The impacts of water addition amount, heat-treatment and recyclability of the immobilized chymotrypsin influencing the peptide synthesis efficiency are investigated. Compared with the native chymotrypsin, polysiloxane-immobilized chymotrypsin showed advantageous catalytic activity, higher thermal stability and superior recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Jun Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Yu-Tang Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Ling-Xiang Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Bao-Ping Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Hong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A. Sheldon
- Molecular
Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, PO Wits 2050, South Africa
- Department
of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Section BOC, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - John M. Woodley
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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20
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Xu P, Zheng GW, Zong MH, Li N, Lou WY. Recent progress on deep eutectic solvents in biocatalysis. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2017; 4:34. [PMID: 28794956 PMCID: PMC5522511 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-017-0165-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are eutectic mixtures of salts and hydrogen bond donors with melting points low enough to be used as solvents. DESs have proved to be a good alternative to traditional organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs) in many biocatalytic processes. Apart from the benign characteristics similar to those of ILs (e.g., low volatility, low inflammability and low melting point), DESs have their unique merits of easy preparation and low cost owing to their renewable and available raw materials. To better apply such solvents in green and sustainable chemistry, this review firstly describes some basic properties, mainly the toxicity and biodegradability of DESs. Secondly, it presents several valuable applications of DES as solvent/co-solvent in biocatalytic reactions, such as lipase-catalyzed transesterification and ester hydrolysis reactions. The roles, serving as extractive reagent for an enzymatic product and pretreatment solvent of enzymatic biomass hydrolysis, are also discussed. Further understanding how DESs affect biocatalytic reaction will facilitate the design of novel solvents and contribute to the discovery of new reactions in these solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Xu
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China.,State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Gao-Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237 China
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China.,State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Ning Li
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Wen-Yong Lou
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China.,State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China
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21
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Cao SL, Deng X, Xu P, Huang ZX, Zhou J, Li XH, Zong MH, Lou WY. Highly Efficient Enzymatic Acylation of Dihydromyricetin by the Immobilized Lipase with Deep Eutectic Solvents as Cosolvent. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:2084-2088. [PMID: 28244316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel deep eutectic solvent (DES)-DMSO cosolvent system has been, for the first time, successfully used as the reaction medium for the enzymatic acylation of dihydromyricetin (DMY) catalyzed by the immobilized lipase from Aspergillus niger (ANL). The cosolvent mixture, ChCl:Glycerol-DMSO (1:3, v/v) proved to be the optimal medium. With the newly developed cosolvent, the initial reaction rate of enzymatic acylation of DMY achieved 11.1 mM/h and the conversion of DMY was 91.6%. ANL@PD-MNPs is stable and recyclable in this cosolvent, offering 90% conversion rate after repeated use of 5 times. The lipid-solubility of DMY-16-acetate was 10 times higher than that of its raw materials DMY. The results showed that the DMY-16-acetate product exhibits good antioxidative activity. The present research illustrated that the use of DES-DMSO cosolvent may become a feasible alternative for the synthesis of DMY ester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Lin Cao
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University , No. 18 Jiangwan Yi Road, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Xiao Deng
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Pei Xu
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology , No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology , No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xue-Hui Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology , No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology , No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wen-Yong Lou
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology , No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
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22
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Kadhom MA, Abdullah GH, Al-Bayati N. Studying Two Series of Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvents (Choline Chloride–Urea–Glycerol) and (Choline Chloride–Malic Acid–Glycerol), Synthesis and Characterizations. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-017-2431-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Cheng QB, Zhang LW. Highly Efficient Enzymatic Preparation of Daidzein in Deep Eutectic Solvents. Molecules 2017; 22:E186. [PMID: 28117755 PMCID: PMC6155624 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Daidzein, which is scarce in nature, has gained significant attention due to its superior biological activity and bioavailability compared with daidzin. So far, it has been widely used in the medicine and health care products industries. The enzymatic approach for the preparation of daidzein has prevailed, benefitted by its high efficiency and eco-friendly nature. Our present research aimed at providing a preparation method of daidzein by enzymatic hydrolysis of daidzin in a new "green" reaction medium-deep eutectic solvents (DESs). Herein, the DESs were screened via evaluating enzyme activity, enzyme stability and the substrate solubility, and the DES (ChCl/EG 2:1, 30 vol %) was believed to be the most appropriate co-solvent to improve the bioconversion efficiency. Based on the yield of daidzein, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to model and optimize the reaction parameters. Under these optimum process conditions, the maximum yield of 97.53% was achieved and the purity of daidzein crude product reached more than 70%, which is more efficient than conversions in DESs-free buffer. Importantly, it has been shown that DESs medium could be reused for six batches of the process with a final conversion of above 50%. The results indicated that this procedure could be considered a mild, environmentally friendly, highly efficient approach to the economical production of daidzein, with a simple operation process and without any harmful reagents being involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Bin Cheng
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Li-Wei Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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24
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Harifi-Mood AR, Ghobadi R, Divsalar A. The effect of deep eutectic solvents on catalytic function and structure of bovine liver catalase. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 95:115-120. [PMID: 27856320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous solutions of reline and glyceline, the most common deep eutectic solvents, were used as a medium for Catalase reaction. By some spectroscopic methods such as UV-vis, fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD) function and structure of Catalase were investigated in aqueous solutions of reline and glyceline. These studies showed that the binding affinity of the substrate to the enzyme increased in the presence of 100mM glyceline solution, which contrasts with reline solution that probably relates to instructive changes in secondary structure of protein. Meanwhile, enzyme remained nearly 70% and 80% active in this concentration of glyceline and reline solutions respectively. In the high concentration of DES solutions, enzyme became mainly inactive but surprisingly stayed in nearly 40% active in choline chloride solution, which is the common ion species in reline and glyceline solvents. It is proposed that the chaotropic nature of choline cation might stop the reducing trend of activity in concentrated choline chloride solutions but this instructive effect is lost in aqueous deep eutectic solvents. In this regard, the presence of various concentrations of deep eutectic solvents in the aqueous media of human cells would be an activity adjuster for this important enzyme in its different operation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adeleh Divsalar
- Department of Cell & Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
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25
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26
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Enzymatic deglycosylation of flavonoids in deep eutectic solvents-aqueous mixtures: paving the way for sustainable flavonoid chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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27
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Sheldon RA. Biocatalysis and Biomass Conversion in Alternative Reaction Media. Chemistry 2016; 22:12984-99. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roger A. Sheldon
- Molecular Sciences Institute; School of Chemistry; University of the Witwatersrand; 2050; Johannesburg South Africa
- Department of Biotechnology; Delft University of Technology; Julianalaan 136 2628 BL Delft Netherlands
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Papadopoulou AA, Efstathiadou E, Patila M, Polydera AC, Stamatis H. Deep Eutectic Solvents as Media for Peroxidation Reactions Catalyzed by Heme-Dependent Biocatalysts. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b04867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Athena A. Papadopoulou
- Department of Biological
Applications and Technologies, Laboratory of Biotechnology, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Evdoxia Efstathiadou
- Department of Biological
Applications and Technologies, Laboratory of Biotechnology, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Michaela Patila
- Department of Biological
Applications and Technologies, Laboratory of Biotechnology, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Angeliki C. Polydera
- Department of Biological
Applications and Technologies, Laboratory of Biotechnology, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Haralambos Stamatis
- Department of Biological
Applications and Technologies, Laboratory of Biotechnology, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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29
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González-Martínez D, Gotor V, Gotor-Fernández V. Application of Deep Eutectic Solvents in Promiscuous Lipase-Catalysed Aldol Reactions. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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30
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Alonso DA, Baeza A, Chinchilla R, Guillena G, Pastor IM, Ramón DJ. Deep Eutectic Solvents: The Organic Reaction Medium of the Century. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 421] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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31
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Guajardo N, Müller CR, Schrebler R, Carlesi C, Domínguez de María P. Deep Eutectic Solvents for Organocatalysis, Biotransformations, and Multistep Organocatalyst/Enzyme Combinations. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201501133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Guajardo
- Escuela de Ingeniería Química; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; Avda. Brasil 2147 Valparaíso Chile
| | - Christoph R. Müller
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie (ITMC); RWTH Aachen University; Worringer Weg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Rodrigo Schrebler
- Escuela de Ingeniería Química; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; Avda. Brasil 2147 Valparaíso Chile
| | - Carlos Carlesi
- Escuela de Ingeniería Química; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; Avda. Brasil 2147 Valparaíso Chile
| | - Pablo Domínguez de María
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie (ITMC); RWTH Aachen University; Worringer Weg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
- Sustainable Momentum, SL; Ap. Correos 3517 35004 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Is. Spain
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32
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Domínguez de María P, Hollmann F. On the (Un)greenness of Biocatalysis: Some Challenging Figures and Some Promising Options. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1257. [PMID: 26617592 PMCID: PMC4641897 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocatalysis is generally regarded as a “green” technology. This statement is justified by the mild reaction conditions, the use of aqueous reaction media—with water as the paradigm of green solvents—, and the renewable nature of the biocatalysts. However, researchers making these statements frequently do not take into account the entire picture of their processes. Aspects like water consumption, wastewater production, titers, and metrics of the (diluted?) biocatalytic processes are important as well. With those figures at hand, many biocatalytic reactions do not appear so green anymore. This article critically discusses some common wrong assumptions given for biocatalytic approaches, with regard to their environmental impact, and actual greenness. Some promising biocatalytic approaches, such as the use of biphasic systems involving biogenic solvents, deep-eutectic-solvents (and biogenic ionic liquids), water-free media, solvent-free processes, are briefly introduced, showing that enzyme catalysis can actually be a robust sustainable alternative for chemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Biocatalysis and Organic Chemistry Group, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology Delft, Netherlands
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33
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Durand E, Lecomte J, Villeneuve P. From green chemistry to nature: The versatile role of low transition temperature mixtures. Biochimie 2015; 120:119-23. [PMID: 26391220 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In 1998, the concept of "green chemistry" was established through twelve principles with the aim of improving the eco-efficiency of chemical processes and to judge, whether or not, a chemical process is sustainable. Currently, numerous processes do not obey to most of these principles (large energy usage, formation of waste, usage of hazardous solvents and reagents, etc …), which have forced the scientists to develop and implement new strategies for upcoming researches. One of the most attractive challenges is finding, creating and developing new and green media. Over the last decades, the scientific community has mainly focused on two different classes of solvents (namely, Ionic liquids and Eutectic Solvents). These solvents share advantageous characteristics (low vapor pressure, thermally stable, non-flammable, etc …) making them an attractive option to implement sustainable chemistry and engineering. Mainly due to its environmental and economic features, DES are now growing much more interest. Indeed, although their ecotoxicological profile is still poorly known, DES are classified as "green" solvents because they are composed of molecules which are considered to be eco-friendly. The fast, numerous and broad scope of studies on these new liquids make the literature rather complex to understand. Here, we attempted to establish a succinct history and a presentation of these liquids with emphasis on their role, classification, importance and application in biological systems.
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Müller CR, Lavandera I, Gotor-Fernández V, Domínguez de María P. Performance of Recombinant-Whole-Cell-Catalyzed Reductions in Deep-Eutectic-Solvent-Aqueous-Media Mixtures. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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35
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Petrenz A, María PDD, Ramanathan A, Hanefeld U, Ansorge-Schumacher MB, Kara S. Medium and reaction engineering for the establishment of a chemo-enzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution of rac-benzoin in batch and continuous mode. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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36
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Cardellini F, Tiecco M, Germani R, Cardinali G, Corte L, Roscini L, Spreti N. Novel zwitterionic deep eutectic solvents from trimethylglycine and carboxylic acids: characterization of their properties and their toxicity. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10628h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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37
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Smith EL, Abbott AP, Ryder KS. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and their applications. Chem Rev 2014; 114:11060-82. [PMID: 25300631 DOI: 10.1021/cr300162p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2550] [Impact Index Per Article: 255.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Smith
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
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38
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Müller CR, Meiners I, Domínguez de María P. Highly enantioselective tandem enzyme–organocatalyst crossed aldol reactions with acetaldehyde in deep-eutectic-solvents. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09307k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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39
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Maugeri Z, Domínguez de María P. Benzaldehyde lyase (BAL)-catalyzed enantioselective CC bond formation in deep-eutectic-solvents–buffer mixtures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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40
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Maugeri Z, Domínguez de María P. Whole-Cell Biocatalysis in Deep-Eutectic-Solvents/Aqueous Mixtures. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201400077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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41
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Azizi N, Yadollahy Z, Rahimzadeh-Oskooee A. An atom-economic and odorless thia-Michael addition in a deep eutectic solvent. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.01.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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42
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Assessing biocatalysis for the synthesis of optically active tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-α]pyrimidines (THPPs) as novel therapeutic agents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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43
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Gull M, Zhou M, Fernández FM, Pasek MA. Prebiotic phosphate ester syntheses in a deep eutectic solvent. J Mol Evol 2013; 78:109-17. [PMID: 24368625 DOI: 10.1007/s00239-013-9605-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We report a route to synthesize a wide range of organophosphates of biological significance in a deep eutectic solvent (2:1 urea and choline chloride), utilizing various orthophosphate sources. Heating an organic alcohol in the solvent along with a soluble phosphorus source yields phosphorus esters of choline as well as that of the added organic in yields between 15 to 99 %. In addition, phosphite analogs of biological phosphates and peptides were also formed by the simple mixing of reagents and heating at 60-70 °C in the deep eutectic solvent. The presented dehydration reactions are relevant to prebiotic and green chemistry in alternative solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maheen Gull
- School of Geosciences, University of South Florida, NES 107, 4202 East Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA,
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44
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Durand E, Lecomte J, Baréa B, Villeneuve P. Towards a better understanding of how to improve lipase-catalyzed reactions using deep eutectic solvents based on choline chloride. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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