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1
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Walewska-Królikiewicz M, Wilk B, Kwast A, Wróbel Z. Two-step, regioselective, multigram-scale synthesis of 2-(trifluoromethyl)indoles from 2-nitrotoluenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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2
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Yan X, Liu CF, An XT, Ge XM, Zhang Q, Pang LH, Bao X, Fan CA. Copper-Catalyzed (4+1) Cascade Annulation of Terminal Alkynes with 2-(Tosylmethyl)anilines: Synthesis of 2,3-Disubstituted Indoles. Org Lett 2021; 23:8905-8909. [PMID: 34756037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel strategy based on Cu-catalyzed (4+1) cascade annulation of terminal alkynes as one-carbon synthons with 2-(tosylmethyl)anilines has been developed for the expeditious synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted indoles, in which in situ generations of aza-o-quinone methides and alkynyl-copper(I) species are involved. This annulation provides an effective method for the assembly of synthetically and structurally interesting 2,3-disubstituted indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chun-Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xian-Tao An
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiao-Min Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lin-Han Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xu Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chun-An Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
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3
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Neto JSS, Zeni G. Recent advances in the synthesis of indoles from alkynes and nitrogen sources. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01315f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights ten years of success in the synthesis of indoles using alkynes and nitrogen sources as substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Sebastião Santos Neto
- Laboratório de Síntese
- Reatividade
- Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios CCNE
- UFSM
- Santa Maria
| | - Gilson Zeni
- Laboratório de Síntese
- Reatividade
- Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios CCNE
- UFSM
- Santa Maria
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4
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Mestre J, Castillón S, Boutureira O. “Ligandless” Pentafluoroethylation of Unactivated (Hetero)aryl and Alkenyl Halides Enabled by the Controlled Self-Condensation of TMSCF3-Derived CuCF3. J Org Chem 2019; 84:15087-15097. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Mestre
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sergio Castillón
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Omar Boutureira
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- So Won Youn
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Institute for Natural Sciences; Hanyang University; Seoul 04763 Korea
| | - Tae Yun Ko
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Institute for Natural Sciences; Hanyang University; Seoul 04763 Korea
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6
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Wei F, Shen XQ, Chu JJ, Hu BL, Zhang XG. Palladium-catalyzed intramolecular aerobic C-H amination of enamines for the synthesis of 2-trifluoromethylindoles. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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7
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Zhou Y, Zhang C, Yuan J, Yang Q, Xiao Q, Peng Y. Synthesis of 3-trifluoromethylindoles via Rh-catalyzed regioselective oxidative coupling of acetanilides with trifluoromethylated alkynes. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Xu Z, Ni F, Han J, Tao L, Deng H, Shao M, Chen J, Zhang H, Cao W. Copper-Catalyzed C-H Alkynylation/Intramolecular Cyclization Cascade for the First Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolines. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Xu
- Department of Chemistry; Innovative Drug Research Center; Shanghai University; 200444 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Fei Ni
- Department of Chemistry; Innovative Drug Research Center; Shanghai University; 200444 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Chemistry; Innovative Drug Research Center; Shanghai University; 200444 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Lili Tao
- Department of Chemistry; Innovative Drug Research Center; Shanghai University; 200444 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Deng
- Laboratory for Microstructures; Instrumental Analysis and Research Center; Shanghai University; 200444 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Min Shao
- Laboratory for Microstructures; Instrumental Analysis and Research Center; Shanghai University; 200444 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Chemistry; Innovative Drug Research Center; Shanghai University; 200444 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Innovative Drug Research Center; Shanghai University; 200444 Shanghai P. R. China
- Laboratory for Microstructures; Instrumental Analysis and Research Center; Shanghai University; 200444 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Weiguo Cao
- Department of Chemistry; Innovative Drug Research Center; Shanghai University; 200444 Shanghai P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 200032 Shanghai P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry of Natural Substances; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 200032 Shanghai P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 200032 Shanghai P. R. China
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9
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Usachev BI. 1-/2-/3-Fluoroalkyl-substituted indoles, promising medicinally and biologically beneficial compounds: Synthetic routes, significance and potential applications. J Fluor Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Pedroni J, Cramer N. 2-(Trifluoromethyl)indoles via Pd(0)-Catalyzed C(sp(3))-H Functionalization of Trifluoroacetimidoyl Chlorides. Org Lett 2016; 18:1932-5. [PMID: 27054603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkylated indoles are valuable compounds in drug discovery. A Pd(0)-catalyzed C(sp(3))-H functionalization enables access to 2-(trifluoromethyl)indoles from trifluoroacetimidoyl chlorides. These are stable compounds, easily obtained from anilines. The cyclization operates with catalyst loadings as low as 1 mol % and accommodates a variety of substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Pedroni
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , EPFL SB ISIC LCSA, BCH 4305, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolai Cramer
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , EPFL SB ISIC LCSA, BCH 4305, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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11
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Sun X, Han J, Chen J, Zhang H, Cao W. Synthesis of Organofluoro Compounds Using Methyl Perfluoroalk-2-ynoates as Building Blocks. CHEM REC 2016; 16:907-23. [PMID: 26969042 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201500258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of several synthetic applications of methyl perfluoroalk-2-ynoates, leading to convenient preparation of many perfluoroalkylated compounds. The use of these important substrates in the synthesis of various five-, six-, and seven-membered heterocycles, cyclopentadienes, and biphenyls is described, alongside a discussion of the mechanistic aspects of these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechun Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.,Laboratory for Microstructures, Instrumental Analysis and Research Center of Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Weiguo Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
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12
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Shen D, Xu Y, He D, Han J, Chen J, Deng H, Shao M, Zhang H, Cao W. An Efficient One-pot Three-component Process for Synthesis of Perfluoroalkylated Quinolizines. CHINESE J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201500872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Vitaku E, Smith DT, Njardarson JT. Metal-Free Synthesis of Fluorinated Indoles Enabled by Oxidative Dearomatization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edon Vitaku
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Arizona; 1306 E. University Blvd. Tucson AZ 85721 USA
| | - David T. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Arizona; 1306 E. University Blvd. Tucson AZ 85721 USA
| | - Jon T. Njardarson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Arizona; 1306 E. University Blvd. Tucson AZ 85721 USA
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14
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Vitaku E, Smith DT, Njardarson JT. Metal-Free Synthesis of Fluorinated Indoles Enabled by Oxidative Dearomatization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:2243-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edon Vitaku
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Arizona; 1306 E. University Blvd. Tucson AZ 85721 USA
| | - David T. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Arizona; 1306 E. University Blvd. Tucson AZ 85721 USA
| | - Jon T. Njardarson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Arizona; 1306 E. University Blvd. Tucson AZ 85721 USA
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15
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Xu Z, Sun T, Cai Q, Ni F, Han J, Chen J, Deng H, Shao M, Zhang H, Cao W. Stereoselective synthesis of trans-perfluoroalkylated [1,3]oxazino[2,3-a]isoquinolines from aromatic aldehydes, methyl perfluoroalk-2-ynoates and isoquinolines. J Fluor Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2015.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Sun X, Han J, Chen J, Deng H, Shao M, Zhang H, Cao W. One-Pot Metal-Free Cascade Synthesis of 2-(Perfluoroalkyl)pyrroles. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Shen D, Han J, Chen J, Deng H, Shao M, Zhang H, Cao W. Mild and Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of 2-(Perfluoroalkyl)indoles by Means of Sequential Michael-Type Addition and Pd(II)-Catalyzed Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling (CDC) Reaction. Org Lett 2015; 17:3283-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Shen
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Han
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Deng
- Laboratory
for Microstructures, Instrumental Analysis and Research Center of Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Shao
- Laboratory
for Microstructures, Instrumental Analysis and Research Center of Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory
for Microstructures, Instrumental Analysis and Research Center of Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiguo Cao
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
- Key
Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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18
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An efficient one-pot two-step three-component process for the synthesis of perfluoroalkylated biphenyls. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Indu S, Subramanian P, Kaliappan KP. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Selective Cyclization Strategy to 2-Substituted Benzofurans and Indoles en Route to the Oxa Analogues of Isocryptolepine. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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