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Gurská M, Brezová V, Šalitroš I, Švorc Ľ, Špánik I, Moncoľ J, Pavlik J, Szolcsányi P. Polyradical PROXYL/TEMPO Conjugates Connected by Ester/Amide Bridges: Synthesis, Physicochemical Studies, and DFT Calculations. Chempluschem 2021; 86:396-405. [PMID: 33645915 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of di-/trinitroxide esters and amides featuring PROXYL and/or TEMPO radicals connected with alicyclic bridges were prepared in 61-92 % yields and their properties were analysed by using multiple experimental techniques. The examination of EPR spectra of radicals in organic solvents augmented with DFT calculations brought valuable information on the conformational dynamics and spin exchange mechanisms. Cyclic voltammetry investigations revealed (quasi)reversible electrochemical behaviour of studied nitroxides with their half-wave potentials ranging from -51 to -17 mV. SQUID measurements of selected radicals revealed that the magnetism of di- and trinitroxides is significantly different, since antiferromagnetic coupling in biradicals is notably larger than in triradicals. The single-crystal X-ray analysis of selected biradicals revealed the existence of 3D supramolecular networks of molecules linked through hydrogen-bonding interactions. These polynitroxide radicals can serve as promising bridging or chelating ligands in the synthesis of transition-metal-based molecular magnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mária Gurská
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 41, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Vlasta Brezová
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ivan Šalitroš
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 61200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ľubomír Švorc
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University, Tajovského 40, SK-974 00, Banská Bystrica, Slovak Republic
| | - Ivan Špánik
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Moncoľ
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Pavlik
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Szolcsányi
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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2
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Xu Z, Huang Y, Cao Y, Jin T, Miller KA, Kaledin AL, Musaev DG, Lian T, Egap E. Enhanced intersystem crossing of boron dipyrromethene by TEMPO radical. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:154201. [PMID: 33092372 DOI: 10.1063/5.0025972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Radical enhanced intersystem crossing (EISC) of organic chromophores is an important approach to generate a long-lived triplet state for various electronic and optoelectronic applications. However, structural factors and design rules to promote EISC are not entirely clear. In this work, we report a series of boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) derivatives covalently linked with a 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxyl (TEMPO) radical with varying distances and topologies. We show that the incorporation of the TEMPO radical to BODIPY results in strong fluorescence quenching by up to 85% as a result of EISC and enhanced internal conversion. In BDP-2AR [2-(4-methyleneamino-TEMPO) BODIPY], a dyad with the shortest BODIPY-TEMPO through-bond distance, we observe the fastest EISC rate (τisc = 1.4 ns) and the longest triplet excited state lifetime (τT = 32 µs) compared to other distance and geometry variations. Contrary to previous reports and a general presumption, the BODIPY-TEMPO through-bond distance in this system does not play a significant role on the triplet formation rate and yield. Density functional theory suggests a folding of the TEMPO radical to form a sandwich-like structure with a BODIPY ring that leads to a decrease in the through-space distance, providing a new and an interesting insight for the radical enhanced intersystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Yiming Huang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Yulei Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Kristen A Miller
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Alexey L Kaledin
- Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Djamaladdin G Musaev
- Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Eilaf Egap
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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3
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Bognár B, Úr G, Sár C, Hankovszky OH, Hideg K, Kálai T. Synthesis and Application of Stable Nitroxide Free Radicals Fused with Carbocycles and Heterocycles. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666190318163321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Stable nitroxide free radicals have traditionally been associated with 2,2,6,6-
tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) or its 4-substituted derivatives as relatively inexpensive
and readily accessible compounds with limited possibilities for further chemical
modification. Over the past two decades, there has been a resurgence of interest in stable
free radicals with proper functionalization tuned for various applications. The objective of
this review is to present recent results with synthetic methodologies to achieve stable nitroxide
free radicals fused with aromatic carbocycles and heterocycles. There are two
main approaches for accessing stable nitroxide free radicals fused with arenes, e.g., isoindoline-
like nitroxides: further functionalization and oxidation of phthalimide or inventive
functionalization of pyrroline nitroxide key compounds. The latter also offers the constructions
of versatile heterocyclic scaffolds (furan, pyrrole, thiophene, 1,2-thiazole, selenophene, pyrazole,
pyrimidine, pyridine, pyridazine, 1,5-benzothiazepine) that are fused with pyrroline or tetrahydropyridine nitroxide
rings. The possible applications of these new stable nitroxide free radicals, such as covalent spin labels
and noncovalent spin probes of proteins and nucleic acids, profluorescent probes, building blocks for construction
of dual active drugs and electroactive materials, and substances for controlled free radical polymerization,
are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Bognár
- Institute of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pecs, Szigeti st. 12, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Györgyi Úr
- Institute of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pecs, Szigeti st. 12, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Cecília Sár
- Institute of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pecs, Szigeti st. 12, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Olga H. Hankovszky
- Institute of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pecs, Szigeti st. 12, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Kálmán Hideg
- Institute of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pecs, Szigeti st. 12, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Kálai
- Institute of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pecs, Szigeti st. 12, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
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Verderosa AD, Dhouib R, Fairfull-Smith KE, Totsika M. Profluorescent Fluoroquinolone-Nitroxides for Investigating Antibiotic⁻Bacterial Interactions. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8010019. [PMID: 30836686 PMCID: PMC6466543 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent probes are widely used for imaging and measuring dynamic processes in living cells. Fluorescent antibiotics are valuable tools for examining antibiotic⁻bacterial interactions, antimicrobial resistance and elucidating antibiotic modes of action. Profluorescent nitroxides are 'switch on' fluorescent probes used to visualize and monitor intracellular free radical and redox processes in biological systems. Here, we have combined the inherent fluorescent and antimicrobial properties of the fluoroquinolone core structure with the fluorescence suppression capabilities of a nitroxide to produce the first example of a profluorescent fluoroquinolone-nitroxide probe. Fluoroquinolone-nitroxide (FN) 14 exhibited significant suppression of fluorescence (>36-fold), which could be restored via radical trapping (fluoroquinolone-methoxyamine 17) or reduction to the corresponding hydroxylamine 20. Importantly, FN 14 was able to enter both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial cells, emitted a measurable fluorescence signal upon cell entry (switch on), and retained antibacterial activity. In conclusion, profluorescent nitroxide antibiotics offer a new powerful tool for visualizing antibiotic⁻bacterial interactions and researching intracellular chemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony D Verderosa
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
| | - Rabeb Dhouib
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
| | - Kathryn E Fairfull-Smith
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
| | - Makrina Totsika
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
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5
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Lugovik KI, Eltyshev AK, Suntsova PO, Smoluk LT, Belousova AV, Ulitko MV, Minin AS, Slepukhin PA, Benassi E, Belskaya NP. Fluorescent boron complexes based on new N,O-chelates as promising candidates for flow cytometry. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:5150-5162. [PMID: 29963677 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00868j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study presents the synthesis and optical properties of a new class of bright green-yellow fluorescent dyes with potential applications in bioimaging. A facile synthetic route via the chelation of aryl(hetaryl)aminoacryloylthiophene scaffolds with a BF2 fragment is presented. The photophysical properties of the dyes are attributed to the nature and position of electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents. Upon coordination to a BF2 fragment, characteristic emission was observed, with λem ranging from 503 to 543 nm and quantum yields of 0.14-0.42. Compared with parent aryl(hetaryl)aminoacryloylthiophenes, a significant red shift in absorption (up to 480 nm in solution) and emission (up to 543 nm in solution and 610 nm in the solid state) and high chemical stability and photostability were observed. The electron-accepting character of the substituents on the terminal aromatic ring or replacing this fragment with pyridine or pyrazine moieties resulted in increased quantum yields. To gain insight into the electronic structures and optical properties, quantum mechanical calculations were performed. The results of (TD-)DFT calculations supported the structural and spectroscopic data and showed the features of electronic distribution in the frontier molecular orbitals and active electrophilic and nucleophilic sites in the compounds investigated. Synthesized BF2 complexes are promising dyes for cell imaging and flow cytometry owing to their ready penetration and accumulation in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniya I Lugovik
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russian Federation.
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6
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Schultz-Simonton W, Skelly P, Chakraborty I, Mascharak P, Braslau R. Synthesis, Structure, and Fluorescence Behavior of Profluorescent 8-Amino BODIPY Nitroxides. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wiley Schultz-Simonton
- Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California Santa Cruz; 1156 High St. 95064 Santa Cruz CA USA
| | - Patrick Skelly
- Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California Santa Cruz; 1156 High St. 95064 Santa Cruz CA USA
| | - Indranil Chakraborty
- Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California Santa Cruz; 1156 High St. 95064 Santa Cruz CA USA
| | - Pradip Mascharak
- Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California Santa Cruz; 1156 High St. 95064 Santa Cruz CA USA
| | - Rebecca Braslau
- Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California Santa Cruz; 1156 High St. 95064 Santa Cruz CA USA
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7
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Greene LE, Lincoln R, Cosa G. Spatio-temporal monitoring of lipid peroxyl radicals in live cell studies combining fluorogenic antioxidants and fluorescence microscopy methods. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 128:124-136. [PMID: 29649566 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in cells may occur via their catalytic autoxidation through peroxyl radicals under oxidative stress conditions. Lipid peroxidation is related to a number of pathologies, and may be invoked in new forms of regulated cell death, yet it may also have beneficial roles in cell signaling cascades. Antioxidants are a natural line of defense against lipid peroxidation, and may accordingly impact the biological outcome associated with the redox chemistry of lipid peroxidation. Critical to unraveling the physiological and pathological role of lipid peroxidation is the development of novel probes with the partition, chemical sensitivity and more importantly, molecular specificity, enabling the spatial and temporal imaging of peroxyl radicals in the lipid membranes of live cells, reporting on the redox status of the cell membrane. This review describes our recent progress to visualize lipid peroxidation in model membrane systems and in live cell studies. Our work portrays the mechanistic insight leading to the development of a highly sensitive probe to monitor lipid peroxyl radicals (LOO•). It also describes technical aspects including reagents and fluorescence microscopy methodologies to consider in order to achieve the much sought after monitoring of rates of lipid peroxyl radical production in live cell studies, be it under oxidative stress but also under cell homeostasis. This review seeks to bring attention to the study of lipid redox reactions and to lay the groundwork for the adoption of fluorogenic antioxidant probeshancement and maximum intensity recorded in turn provide a benchmark to estimate, when compared to the control BODIPY dye lacking the intramolecular PeT based switch, the overall exte and related fluorescence microscopy methods toward gaining rich spatiotemporal information on lipid peroxidation in live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana E Greene
- Department of Chemistry and Quebec Center for Advanced Materials (QCAM/CQMF), McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 0B8
| | - Richard Lincoln
- Department of Chemistry and Quebec Center for Advanced Materials (QCAM/CQMF), McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 0B8
| | - Gonzalo Cosa
- Department of Chemistry and Quebec Center for Advanced Materials (QCAM/CQMF), McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 0B8.
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8
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Xu K, Sukhanov AA, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Ji W, Peng X, Escudero D, Jacquemin D, Voronkova VK. Unexpected Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction of BODIPY: Preparation of the BODIPY-TEMPO Triad Showing Radical-Enhanced Intersystem Crossing. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kejing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling Gong Rd. 116024 Dalian China
| | - Andrey A. Sukhanov
- Zavoisky Physical-Technical Institute; FIC KazanSC; Russian Academy of Sciences; Sibirsky trakt 10/7 420029 Kazan Russia
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling Gong Rd. 116024 Dalian China
| | - Jianzhang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling Gong Rd. 116024 Dalian China
| | - Wei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling Gong Rd. 116024 Dalian China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling Gong Rd. 116024 Dalian China
| | - Daniel Escudero
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230; Université de Nantes; 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230; Université de Nantes; 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
- Institut Universitaire de France; 1, rue Descartes 75005 Paris Cedex 5 France
| | - Violeta K. Voronkova
- Zavoisky Physical-Technical Institute; FIC KazanSC; Russian Academy of Sciences; Sibirsky trakt 10/7 420029 Kazan Russia
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9
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Lugovik KI, Eltyshev AK, Suntsova PO, Slepukhin PA, Benassi E, Belskaya NP. Highlights on the Road towards Highly Emitting Solid-State Luminophores: Two Classes of Thiazole-Based Organoboron Fluorophores with the AIEE/AIE Effect. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:311-324. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201701526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kseniya I. Lugovik
- Ural Federal University; 19 Mira Str. Yekaterinburg 620002 Russian Federation
| | | | - Polina O. Suntsova
- Ural Federal University; 19 Mira Str. Yekaterinburg 620002 Russian Federation
| | - Pavel A. Slepukhin
- Ural Federal University; 19 Mira Str. Yekaterinburg 620002 Russian Federation
- Institute of Organic Synthesis of the Ural Branch, of Russian Academy of Science; 20 S. Kovalevskaya Str. Yekaterinburg 620219 Russian Federation
| | - Enrico Benassi
- School of Science and Technology; Nazarbaev University; 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave. Astana 010000 Republic of Kazakhstan
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10
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Eing M, Olshausen B, Fairfull-Smith KE, Schepers U, Barner-Kowollik C, Blinco JP. Reporting pH-sensitive drug releaseviaunpaired spin fluorescence silencing. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01942d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We pioneer an approach for the visualization of a self-reporting pH-controlled molecular release of a fluorescent drug from a nitroxide polymer scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Eing
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- QLD 4000
- Australia
| | - Bettina Olshausen
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
| | - Kathryn E. Fairfull-Smith
- Macromolecular Architectures
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76128 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Ute Schepers
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- QLD 4000
- Australia
| | - James P. Blinco
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- QLD 4000
- Australia
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11
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Hansen KA, Blinco JP. Nitroxide radical polymers – a versatile material class for high-tech applications. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py02001e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive summary of synthetic strategies for the preparation of nitroxide radical polymer materials and a state-of-the-art perspective on their latest and most exciting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Anders Hansen
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - James P. Blinco
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
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12
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Lang C, Barner L, Blinco JP, Barner-Kowollik C, Fairfull-Smith KE. Direct access to biocompatible nitroxide containing polymers. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00089a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Ring-opening copolymerization of a nitroxide containing cyclic carbonate and d/l-lactide was used to directly access well-defined biocompatible polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Lang
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Leonie Barner
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - James P. Blinco
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Kathryn E. Fairfull-Smith
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
- Australia
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13
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Poprac P, Poliak P, Kavala M, Barbieriková Z, Zalibera M, Fronc M, Švorc Ľ, Vihonská Z, Olejníková P, Lušpai K, Lukeš V, Brezová V, Szolcsányi P. Polyradical PROXYL/TEMPO-Derived Amides: Synthesis, Physicochemical Studies, DFT Calculations, and Antimicrobial Activity. Chempluschem 2017; 82:1326-1340. [PMID: 31957189 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201700343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of polynitroxide amides possessing 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrrolidinyloxy (PROXYL) and/or 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) units connected through various bridges were synthesized and their properties were analyzed. EPR spectroscopy provided detailed insight into their paramagnetic character and related properties. A thorough examination of the EPR spectra of dinitroxides in organic solvents provided valuable information on the intramolecular motions, thermodynamics, and spin-exchange mechanisms. Analysis of low-temperature X- and Q-band EPR spectra of the dissolved dinitroxides provided spin-spin distances that were comparable with the theoretical values obtained by DFT. Cyclic voltammetry investigations revealed (quasi)reversible electrochemical behavior for PROXYL-derived biradicals, whereas significant loss of the reversibility was found for TEMPO-containing bi- and polyradicals. The inhibitory activities of the nitroxides against model bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous fungi were assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Poprac
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Poliak
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Kavala
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Barbieriková
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Zalibera
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marek Fronc
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ľubomír Švorc
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Vihonská
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Petra Olejníková
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Karol Lušpai
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vladimír Lukeš
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vlasta Brezová
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Szolcsányi
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Figliola C, Robertson KN, Greening S, Thompson A. Asymmetric Dipyrrin and F-BODIPYs Conjugated to Terminal Alkynes and Alkenes. J Org Chem 2017. [PMID: 28648076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
An asymmetric meso-H dipyrrin featuring a conjugated terminal alkyne substituent was converted to its corresponding difluoro boron complex, and the extent of π-conjugation was extended using Sonogashira cross-coupling. Treatment of the alkyne-substituted dipyrrin with BF3·OEt2 and NEt3 revealed the reactivity of the conjugated terminal alkyne toward Lewis-activated electrophilic substitution and led to the isolation of F-BODIPYs bearing terminal bromovinyl and enol substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Figliola
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University , Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | | | - Sarah Greening
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University , Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Alison Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University , Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
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