Asif MMA, Lisa SR, Qais N. Introduction of chirality at C1 position of 1-substituted-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline by its enantioselective reduction: synthesis of chiral 1-substituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline - a review.
RSC Adv 2023;
13:11010-11036. [PMID:
37033430 PMCID:
PMC10077949 DOI:
10.1039/d3ra01413d]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a wide range of biological activities associated with C1 chiral carbon containing 1-substituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines (1-substituted-THIQs) which constitute the isoquinoline alkaloids, a large group of natural products. This work summarizes several novel catalytic stereoselective approaches to enantioselectively reduce the 1-substituted-3,4-dihydroisoquinolines (1-substituted-DHIQs) to produce the desired 1-substituted-THIQs. The 1-substituted-DHIQs were prepared by using the Bischler-Napieralski reaction. The enantioselective reduction of 1-substituted-DHIQs was accomplished by using chiral hydride reducing agents, by hydrogenation with a chiral catalyst, by enantioselective reduction of DHIQs possessing a chiral auxiliary at the imine nitrogen by achiral metallic hydride reducing agents, or by enzymatic catalysis. Among these methods, much more work was carried out on the hydrogenation of 1-substituted-DHIQs in the presence of a chiral catalyst. This review summarizes articles and advancements on this topic from 1972 to 2023.
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