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Heckershoff R, May G, Däumer J, Eberle L, Krämer P, Rominger F, Rudolph M, Mulks FF, Hashmi ASK. Entropy-Induced Selectivity Switch in Gold Catalysis: Fast Access to Indolo[1,2-a]quinolines. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201816. [PMID: 35699266 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
New N-heterocyclic compounds for organic functional materials and their efficient syntheses are highly demanded. A surprising entropy-induced selectivity switch in the gold-catalyzed intramolecular hydroarylation of 2-ethynyl N-aryl indoles was found and its exploitation led to straightforward syntheses of indolo[1,2-a]quinolines. Experimental and computational mechanistic investigations gave insight into this uncommon selectivity phenomenon and into the special reactivity of the indolo[1,2-a]quinolines. The high functional group tolerance of this methodology enabled access to a diverse scope with high yields. In addition, bidirectional approaches, post-functionalization reactions, and π-extension of the core structure were feasible. An in-depth study of the photophysical properties explored the structure-effect relationship for different derivatives and revealed a high potential of these compounds for future applications as functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Heckershoff
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Garrett May
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Janika Däumer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Eberle
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Krämer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian F Mulks
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141 (Republic of, Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141 (Republic of, Korea.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Martínez-Lara F, Suárez A, Suárez-Pantiga S, Tapia MJ, Sanz R. Straight access to highly fluorescent angular indolocarbazoles via merging Au- and Mo-catalysis. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00405g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward and efficient synthesis of the two less explored types of indolocarbazoles has been developed giving rise to highly fluorescent compounds with fluorescence quantum yields around 0.7.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anisley Suárez
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Burgos
- 09001-Burgos
- Spain
| | | | - M. José Tapia
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Burgos
- 09001-Burgos
- Spain
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Burgos
- 09001-Burgos
- Spain
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3
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Daniels M, de Jong F, Vandermeeren T, Van Meervelt L, Van der Auweraer M, Dehaen W. Bay-Substituted Thiaza[5]helicenes: Synthesis and Implications on Structural and Spectroscopic Properties. J Org Chem 2019; 84:13528-13539. [PMID: 31545047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of bay-substituted thiaza[5]helicenes was synthesized to investigate the effect of different substituents on the properties of these helicenes. These thiaza[5]helicenes with different substituents were prepared in a straightforward manner through indole- and benzo[b]thiophene synthesis, palladium-catalyzed Suzuki coupling, oxidative cyclization, and functional group interconversion reactions. We investigated the impact of these different bay area substituents compared to the unsubstituted thiaza[5]helicene on the structural parameters and studied the steady-state electronic spectroscopy of these thiaza[5]helicenes in toluene and acetonitrile. We found that different functional groups influence the solid state structure and spectroscopic properties, but a single substituent in the bay area of a thiaza[5]helicene was not enough to prevent enantiomerization at room temperature.
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Wirtanen T, Aikonen S, Muuronen M, Melchionna M, Kemell M, Davodi F, Kallio T, Hu T, Helaja J. Carbocatalytic Oxidative Dehydrogenative Couplings of (Hetero)Aryls by Oxidized Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Liquid Phase. Chemistry 2019; 25:12288-12293. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Wirtanen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Helsinki A. I. Virtasen aukio 1, P.O. Box 55 00014 Helsinki Finland
- Current address: Institute of Organic ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Santeri Aikonen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Helsinki A. I. Virtasen aukio 1, P.O. Box 55 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Mikko Muuronen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Helsinki A. I. Virtasen aukio 1, P.O. Box 55 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Michele Melchionna
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Trieste Via L. Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Marianna Kemell
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Helsinki A. I. Virtasen aukio 1, P.O. Box 55 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Fatemeh Davodi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials ScienceAalto University, P.O Box 16100 00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Tanja Kallio
- Department of Chemistry and Materials ScienceAalto University, P.O Box 16100 00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Tao Hu
- Research Unit of Sustainable ChemistryFaculty of TechnologyUniversity of Oulu 90014 Oulu Finland
| | - Juho Helaja
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Helsinki A. I. Virtasen aukio 1, P.O. Box 55 00014 Helsinki Finland
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Nojo W, Ishigaki Y, Takeda T, Akutagawa T, Suzuki T. Selective Formation of a Mixed‐Valence State from Linearly Bridged Oligo(aromatic diamines): Drastic Structural Change into a Folded Columnar Stack for Half‐filled Polycations. Chemistry 2019; 25:7759-7765. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Nojo
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceHokkaido University Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
| | - Yusuke Ishigaki
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceHokkaido University Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
| | - Takashi Takeda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced MaterialsTohoku University Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Akutagawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced MaterialsTohoku University Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceHokkaido University Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
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de Jong F, Daniels M, Vega-Castillo L, Kennes K, Martín C, de Miguel G, Cano M, Pérez-Morales M, Hofkens J, Dehaen W, Van der Auweraer M. 5,10-Dihydrobenzo[ a]indolo[2,3- c]carbazoles as Novel OLED Emitters. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:1400-1411. [PMID: 30645122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b10942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The excited-state dynamics of four 5,10-dihydrobenzo[ a]indolo[2,3- c]carbazoles in solution and in films were studied with stationary and time-resolved spectroscopies. The solvent dependency of the photophysics reveals no appreciable dipole moment in the ground state. In the excited state, electron-withdrawing substituents contribute to an outspoken charge-transfer character. In films, although the molecules are mostly present as monomers, the excited-state dynamics are characterized by a cascade of energy-transfer processes to excited dimers and aggregates which dominate the photoluminescence (PL) spectra. The properties of the aggregates depend on the used substituents. The electroluminescence spectra obtained from single-layer and multilayer devices mostly resemble the PL spectra, but show contributions from other species such as electromers or electroplexes. It is inferred that the different substituents lead to a different packing of the carbazole moieties, each of which has different mobilities and recombination probabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luis Vega-Castillo
- Departamento de Química Física y Termodinámica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica IUQFN , Universidad de Córdoba , Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie , E-14071 Córdoba , Spain
| | | | - Cristina Martín
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Campus Universitario , 02071 Albacete , Spain
| | - Gustavo de Miguel
- Departamento de Química Física y Termodinámica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica IUQFN , Universidad de Córdoba , Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie , E-14071 Córdoba , Spain
| | - Manuel Cano
- Departamento de Química Física y Termodinámica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica IUQFN , Universidad de Córdoba , Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie , E-14071 Córdoba , Spain
| | - Marta Pérez-Morales
- Departamento de Química Física y Termodinámica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica IUQFN , Universidad de Córdoba , Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie , E-14071 Córdoba , Spain
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