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Tu JL, Huang B. Titanium in photocatalytic organic transformations: current applications and future developments. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:6650-6664. [PMID: 39118484 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob01152j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Titanium, as an important transition metal, has garnered extensive attention in both industry and academia due to its excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and unique reactivity in organic synthesis. In the field of organic photocatalysis, titanium-based compounds such as titanium dioxide (TiO2), titanocenes (Cp2TiCl2, CpTiCl3), titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4), tetrakis(isopropoxy)titanium (Ti(OiPr)4), and chiral titanium complexes have demonstrated distinct reactivity and selectivity. This review focuses on the roles of these titanium compounds in photocatalytic organic reactions, and highlights the reaction pathways such as photo-induced single-electron transfer (SET) and ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT). By systematically surveying the latest advancements in titanium-involved organic photocatalysis, this review aims to provide references for further research and technological innovation within this fast-developing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lin Tu
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519085, China.
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Binbin Huang
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519085, China.
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2
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Ni J, Xia X, Gu D, Wang Z. Ti-Catalyzed Modular Ketone Synthesis from Carboxylic Derivatives and gem-Dihaloalkanes. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37365677 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Ketones are ubiquitous in organic synthesis. However, the general method to convert widely available carboxylic acids, unactivated esters, and amides into ketones remains elusive. Herein, we describe the Ti-catalyzed modular ketone synthesis from carboxylic derivatives and easily accessed gem-dihaloalkanes. Notably, this protocol could achieve the direct catalytic olefination of carboxylic acids. This method features a sequence of olefination and electrophilic transformation and good functional group compatibility and allows rapid access to various functionalized ketones. Preliminary mechanistic studies provide insights into the reaction pathway and support the intermediacy of plausible alkylidene titanocene and gem-bimetallic complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Ni
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaowen Xia
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Danyu Gu
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Molecular Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhaobin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
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3
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López-Martínez JL, Torres-García I, Moreno-Gutiérrez I, Oña-Burgos P, Martínez AR, Muñoz-Dorado M, Álvarez-Corral M, Rodríguez-García I. A Concise Diastereoselective Total Synthesis of α-Ambrinol. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21040230. [PMID: 37103369 PMCID: PMC10145093 DOI: 10.3390/md21040230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
(-)-cis-α-Ambrinol is a natural product present in ambergris, a substance of marine origin that has been highly valued by perfumers. In this paper, we present a new approach to its total synthesis. The starting material is commercially available α-ionone and the key step is an intramolecular Barbier-type cyclization induced by CpTiCl2, an organometallic compound prepared in situ by a CpTiCl3 reduction with Mn.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pascual Oña-Burgos
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV-CSIC), 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Rosales Martínez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University of Sevilla, 41011 Sevilla, Spain
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4
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Mondal S, Dumur F, Gigmes D, Sibi MP, Bertrand MP, Nechab M. Enantioselective Radical Reactions Using Chiral Catalysts. Chem Rev 2022; 122:5842-5976. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shovan Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Syamsundar College, Shyamsundar 713424, West Bengal, India
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390e Marseille, France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390e Marseille, France
| | - Mukund P. Sibi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Michèle P. Bertrand
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390e Marseille, France
| | - Malek Nechab
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390e Marseille, France
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5
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Roldan-Molina E, Nievas MM, Navarro JAR, Oltra JE. CpTiCl 2 -Catalyzed Cross-Coupling between Internal Alkynes and Ketones: A Novel Concept in the Synthesis of Halogenated, Conjugated Dienes. Chemistry 2020; 26:8296-8301. [PMID: 32212287 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A novel concept for the synthesis of halogenated, conjugated dienes is disclosed: the CpTiCl2 -catalyzed coupling of keto-alkynes, in the presence of Me3 SiBr/Et3 N⋅HBr. This reaction provided five-, six-, and seven-membered carbocycles, nitrogenated heterocycles, as well as six-membered oxygenated heterocycles leading to a brominated conjugate diene. These products showed high reactivity in the Diels-Alder, Suzuki, and Sonogashira reactions, giving complex chemical structures in only three steps from the corresponding acyclic keto-alkyne. Hopefully, this strategy will pave the way towards the synthesis of bioactive natural products and new materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Roldan-Molina
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria M Nievas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge A R Navarro
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - J Enrique Oltra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
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6
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Mita T, Uchiyama M, Sato Y. Catalytic Intramolecular Coupling of Ketoalkenes by Allylic C(
sp
3
)−H Bond Cleavage: Synthesis of Five‐ and Six‐Membered Carbocyclic Compounds. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Mita
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD)Hokkaido University Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Masashi Uchiyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesHokkaido University Sapporo 060-0812 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesHokkaido University Sapporo 060-0812 Japan
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7
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Torres‐García I, López‐Martínez JL, Martínez‐Martínez R, Oltra JE, Muñoz‐Dorado M, Rodríguez‐García I, Álvarez‐Corral M. The half‐sandwich titanocene CpTi
III
Cl
2
as efficient system for the preparation of 2,5‐dihydrofurans
via
α‐allenols. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - J. Enrique Oltra
- Dpto. Química Orgánica, Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Granada Granada E18071 Spain
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