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Chen J, Xiao L, Qi L. Electrochemical annulation of 1,2,3-benzotriazinones with alkynes to access isoquinolin-1(2 H)-ones. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:7295-7299. [PMID: 37646442 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01161e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
An eco-friendly approach for electrochemical radical cascade annulation of 1,2,3-benzotriazinones with alkynes is described. Under catalyst-free and external reductant-free electrolysis conditions, a range of isoquinolin-1(2H)-ones were obtained in moderate to good yields. Cyclic voltammetry and control studies suggest that the reaction proceeds via a radical pathway. Furthermore, this approach could be easily scaled up.
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Affiliation(s)
- JinKang Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224000, China.
| | - Linxia Xiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224000, China.
| | - Liang Qi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224000, China.
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2
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Chen W, Mao Y, Wang M, Ling F, Li C, Chen Z, Yao J. Rh(III)-catalyzed [4 + 1] cyclization of aryl substituted pyrazoles with cyclopropanols via C-H activation. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:775-782. [PMID: 36594518 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02001g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A rhodium-catalyzed formal [4 + 1]-cyclization reaction of aryl substituted pyrazoles with cyclopropanols via C-H bond activation/cyclization processes to selectively construct a series of carbonyl functionalized pyrazolo[5,1-a]isoindoles is described. The reaction features good functional group compatibility and a broad substrate scope with respect to both cyclization components with up to 84% yields. Mechanistic studies indicated that the C-H cleavage might be the rate-determining step in this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China. .,College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yan Mao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China. .,College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Min Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China. .,College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Fei Ling
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Changchang Li
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhangpei Chen
- Center for Molecular Science and Engineering, College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Jinzhong Yao
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
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3
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Ramachandran K, Anbarasan P. Rhodium-Catalyzed C2-Alkylation of Indoles with Cyclopropanols Using N, N-Dialkylcarbamoyl as a Traceless Directing Group. Org Lett 2022; 24:6745-6749. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuppan Ramachandran
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Pazhamalai Anbarasan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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4
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Guan M, Wu Y, Xu S, Luo C, Yan K, Li J, Lai R, Hai L. Iridium-Catalyzed Formal [4+1] Annulation of Benzamides and Cyclopropanols to Afford Isoindolin-1-one Derivatives via C–H Activation. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1780-1935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AbstractAn iridium-catalyzed reaction protocol has been developed to achieve the oxidative C–H/N–H annulation of benzamides with cyclopropanols as C1 synthon. Structurally diverse isoindolin-1-ones were furnished via sequential C–H/C–C cleavage and C–C/C–N bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Guan
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University
| | - Yong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University
| | - Shuran Xu
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University
| | - Cankun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University
| | - Kaichuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University
| | - Jianglian Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University
| | - Ruizhi Lai
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University
| | - Li Hai
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University
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5
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Yin C, Li L, Yu C. Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H annulation of sulfoxonium ylides with iodonium ylides towards isocoumarins. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1112-1116. [PMID: 35040469 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02273c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The direct synthesis of isocoumarin skeletons has been realized through the Rh(III)-catalyzed [3 + 3] annulation of sulfoxonium ylides with iodonium carbenes. The synthetic protocol was constructed efficiently with broad functional group tolerance and mild reaction conditions. This reaction can be formally viewed as the result of C-H activation, carbene insertion and nucleophilic addition processes. Furthermore, the further conversions of the product and gram-scale reactions were also demonstrate to support the effectiveness of the synthesis protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanliu Yin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Lianghao Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Chuanming Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China.
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6
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Ramachandran K, Anbarasan P. Cp*Co III-catalyzed C2-alkylation of indole derivatives with substituted cyclopropanols. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:10536-10539. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03719j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A general and efficient Cp*CoIII-catalyzed C2-alkylation of N-pyridylindoles has been achieved utilizing cyclopropanols as an alkylating reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuppan Ramachandran
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai – 600036, India
| | - Pazhamalai Anbarasan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai – 600036, India
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7
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Ma C, Fang P, Liu ZR, Xu SS, Xu K, Cheng X, Lei A, Xu HC, Zeng C, Mei TS. Recent advances in organic electrosynthesis employing transition metal complexes as electrocatalysts. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:2412-2429. [PMID: 36654127 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Organic electrosynthesis has been widely used as an environmentally conscious alternative to conventional methods for redox reactions because it utilizes electric current as a traceless redox agent instead of chemical redox agents. Indirect electrolysis employing a redox catalyst has received tremendous attention, since it provides various advantages compared to direct electrolysis. With indirect electrolysis, overpotential of electron transfer can be avoided, which is inherently milder, thus wide functional group tolerance can be achieved. Additionally, chemoselectivity, regioselectivity, and stereoselectivity can be tuned by the redox catalysts used in indirect electrolysis. Furthermore, electrode passivation can be avoided by preventing the formation of polymer films on the electrode surface. Common redox catalysts include N-oxyl radicals, hypervalent iodine species, halides, amines, benzoquinones (such as DDQ and tetrachlorobenzoquinone), and transition metals. In recent years, great progress has been made in the field of indirect organic electrosynthesis using transition metals as redox catalysts for reaction classes including C-H functionalization, radical cyclization, and cross-coupling of aryl halides-each owing to the diverse reactivity and accessible oxidation states of transition metals. Although various reviews of organic electrosynthesis are available, there is a lack of articles that focus on recent research progress in the area of indirect electrolysis using transition metals, which is the impetus for this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ping Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhao-Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shi-Shuo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Xu Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Hai-Chao Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Chengchu Zeng
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Tian-Sheng Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
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8
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Yin C, Zhong T, Zheng X, Li L, Zhou J, Yu C. Direct synthesis of indazole derivatives via Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H activation of phthalazinones and allenes. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7701-7705. [PMID: 34524333 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01458g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel Rh(III)-catalyzed annulation of phthalazinones or pyridazinones with various allenes was developed, leading to the formation of indazole derivatives bearing a quaternary carbon in moderate to good yields. The targeted products were synthesized via sequential C-H activation and olefin insertion, followed by β-hydride elimination and intramolecular cyclization. The synthetic protocol proceeded efficiently with broad functional group tolerance, high atom efficiency and high Z-selectivity. The practicability of this method was proved by synthetic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanliu Yin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Tianshuo Zhong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Xiangyun Zheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Lianghao Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Chuanming Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
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