|
1
|
Karakaya I, Mart M, Altundas R. Sustainable and Environmentally Friendly Approach for the Synthesis of Azoxybenzenes from the Reductive Dimerization of Nitrosobenzenes and the Oxidation of Anilines. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:11494-11499. [PMID: 38496929 PMCID: PMC10938426 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This study demonstrates a comparative synthesis of azoxybenzenes through the reductive dimerization of nitrosobenzenes and the oxidation of anilines. Utilizing the cost-effective DIPEA catalyst at room temperature with water as a green solvent, the one-pot procedure involves in situ generation of nitrosobenzene derivatives from anilines in the presence of oxone, followed by DIPEA addition. Both methods yield azoxybenzenes with high selectivity, showcasing the versatility of DIPEA in facilitating the synthesis of azoxybenzenes with various substituents in ortho, meta, and para positions, encompassing electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups. The use of DIPEA proves pivotal in achieving moderate to high yields, emphasizing its significance in this environmentally friendly synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Idris Karakaya
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Basic Sciences, Gebze Technical
University, 41400 Gebze, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Mart
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Basic Sciences, Gebze Technical
University, 41400 Gebze, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Altundas
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Basic Sciences, Gebze Technical
University, 41400 Gebze, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Yaghoubian A, Hodgson GK, Adler MJ, Impellizzeri S. Direct photochemical route to azoxybenzenes via nitroarene homocoupling. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7332-7337. [PMID: 36073118 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01247b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report on a direct photochemical method for the one-pot, catalyst- and additive-free synthesis of azoxybenzene and substituted azoxy derivatives from nitrobenzene building blocks. This reaction is conducted at room temperature and under air, and can be applied to substrates with a wide range of substituents. Yields of products derived from para- and meta-substituted nitrobenzenes are typically good, while sterically encumbered ortho-substituted substrates are not as fruitful. Photochemical Wallach rearrangement of generated azoxybenzenes to ortho-hydroxyazoxybenzenes was observed in some cases, most markedly in selected ortho-halogenated nitrobenzenes. Overall, this method provides an efficient, green pathway to highly value-added azoxybenzene products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Yaghoubian
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Gregory K Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Marc J Adler
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Stefania Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Ding B, Xu B, Ding Z, Zhang T, Wang Y, Qiu H, He J, An P, Yao Y, Hou Z. Catalytic selective oxidation of aromatic amines to azoxy derivatives with an ultralow loading of peroxoniobate salts. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy01137a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tartaric acid-coordinated peroxoniobate salts demonstrate an exceptionally high TOF value (up to 4435 h−1) even at an ultralow catalyst loading for the oxidation of aromatic amines to azoxy compounds under green and very mild conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Ding
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Beibei Xu
- Physics Department and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zuoji Ding
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hewen Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jingjing He
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Pengfei An
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yefeng Yao
- Physics Department and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zhenshan Hou
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai 200062, China
| |
Collapse
|