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Yang S, Yu X, Liu Y, Tomasini M, Caporaso L, Poater A, Cavallo L, Cazin CSJ, Nolan SP, Szostak M. Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling of Amides by N-C Cleavage Mediated by Air-Stable, Well-Defined [Pd(NHC)(sulfide)Cl2] Catalysts: Reaction Development, Scope, and Mechanism. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37467445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of amides by selective N-C acyl bond cleavage represents a powerful tool for constructing biaryl ketones from historically inert amide bonds. These amide bond activation reactions hinge upon efficient oxidative addition of the N-C acyl bond to Pd(0). However, in contrast to the well-researched activation of aryl halides by C(sp2)-X oxidative addition, very few studies on the mechanism of C(acyl)-N bond oxidative addition and catalyst effect have been reported. Herein, we report a study on [Pd(NHC)(sulfide)Cl2] catalysts in amide N-C bond activation. These readily prepared, well-defined, air- and moisture-stable Pd(II)-NHC catalysts feature SMe2 (DMS = dimethylsulfide) or S(CH2CH2)2 (THT = tetrahydrothiophene) as ancillary ligands. The reaction development, kinetic studies, and reaction scope are presented. Extensive DFT studies were conducted to gain insight into the mechanism of C(acyl)-N bond oxidative addition and catalyst activation. We expect that [Pd(NHC)(sulfide)Cl2] precatalysts featuring sulfides as well-defined, readily accessible ancillary ligands will find application in C(acyl)-X bond activation in organic synthesis and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Xiang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Yaxu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michele Tomasini
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Catalonia 17003, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Salerno, Via Ponte don Melillo, Fisciano, 84084 SA, Italy
| | - Lucia Caporaso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Salerno, Via Ponte don Melillo, Fisciano, 84084 SA, Italy
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Catalonia 17003, Spain
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Salerno, Via Ponte don Melillo, Fisciano, 84084 SA, Italy
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science & Technology, 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Catherine S J Cazin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven P Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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A Second-Generation Palladacycle Architecture Bearing a N-Heterocyclic Carbene and Its Catalytic Behavior in Buchwald–Hartwig Amination Catalysis. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Palladacyclic architectures have been shown as versatile motifs in cross-coupling reactions. NHC-ligated palladacycles possessing unique electronic and steric properties have helped to stabilize the catalytically active species and provide additional control over reaction selectivity. Here, we report on a synthetic protocol leading to palladacycle complexes using a mild base and an environmentally desirable solvent, with a focus on complexes bearing backbone-substituted N-heterocyclic carbene ligands. The readily accessible complexes exhibit high catalytic activity in the Buchwald–Hartwig amination. This is achieved using low catalyst loading and mild reaction conditions in a green solvent.
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Liang SW, Guo Y, Lee WC, Zeng PR, Lin TH, Xie PZ, Kang HH, Lu IC, Chang YC. Reactivity‐Tunable Palladium Precatalysts with Favorable Catalytic Properties in Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siou-Wei Liang
- Providence University Department of Applied Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Yingjie Guo
- Providence University Department of Cosmetic Science TAIWAN
| | - Wan-Ching Lee
- National Chung Hsing University Department of Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Pin-Rui Zeng
- National Chung Hsing University Department of Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Tzu-Hao Lin
- Providence University Department of Applied Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Pei-Zhen Xie
- Providence University Department of Applied Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Hsuan-Hao Kang
- Providence University Department of Applied Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - I-Chung Lu
- National Chung Hsing University Department of Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Yu-Chang Chang
- Providence University Department of Applied Chemistry 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist. 43301 Taichung TAIWAN
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