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Cook S, Honeychurch KC. Forensic electrochemical presumptive blood test based on the voltammetric behaviour of methylene blue and whole blood. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:4985-4993. [PMID: 34622254 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01358k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The ability to identify the presence of blood residues is important in a number of fields, such as in the forensic and archaeological sciences. A number of tests presently exist; however, these suffer drawbacks, such as difficulties with the interpretation of positive results and interferences from common chemicals and reagents. In this present study, for the first time, we demonstrate the possibility of applying an electrochemical technique as a semi-quantitative presumptive test for the detection of blood residues. Our method is based on the cyclic voltammetric behaviour of the methylene blue mediated detection of haemoglobin present in blood residues. Initial studies investigated the voltammetric behaviour of methylene blue and the possibility of using it for the mediated detection of haemoglobin. Using this approach, it was shown to be possible to detect haemoglobin and hence the presence of blood. We have shown the possibility of successfully identifying the presence of whole blood residues recovered from cloth gaining a coefficient of variation of 5.3%. Our method was shown to overcome many of the commonly reported interferences and interpretation issues. The results demonstrate that the developed method could be successfully used for the detection of blood residues in such samples requiring only simple dilution of the sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cook
- Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.
| | - Kevin C Honeychurch
- Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.
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Duong HD, Shin Y, Rhee JI. Development of novel optical pH sensors based on coumarin 6 and nile blue A encapsulated in resin particles and specific support materials. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 107:110323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Koochana PK, Mohanty A, Subhadarshanee B, Satpati S, Naskar R, Dixit A, Behera RK. Phenothiazines and phenoxazines: as electron transfer mediators for ferritin iron release. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:3314-3326. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04383c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Redox active phenothiazine and phenoxazine dyes facilitate ferritin iron release by acting as electron transfer (ET) mediators following Marcus theory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abhinav Mohanty
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Rourkela-769008
- India
| | | | - Suresh Satpati
- Institute of Life Sciences
- Bhubaneswar-751023
- India
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
| | - Rajat Naskar
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Rourkela-769008
- India
| | | | - Rabindra K. Behera
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Rourkela-769008
- India
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Khadim Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of BioPhysio Sensor Technology (IBST); Pusan National University; Busan 46241 S. Korea
| | - Jong-Min Moon
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of BioPhysio Sensor Technology (IBST); Pusan National University; Busan 46241 S. Korea
| | - Deog-Su Park
- Institute of BioPhysio Sensor Technology (IBST); Pusan National University; Busan 46241 S. Korea
| | - Yoon-Bo Shim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of BioPhysio Sensor Technology (IBST); Pusan National University; Busan 46241 S. Korea
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5
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Ju HX, Zhuang QK, Long YT. The Preface. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kul D, Doğan-Topal B, Özkan SA, Uslu B. Poly(acridine orange)-modified glassy carbon electrodes: electrosynthesis, characterisation and sensor application with uric acid. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-014-0691-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhao RJ, Jiang Q, Sun W, Jiao K. Electropolymerization of Methylene Blue on Carbon Ionic Liquid Electrode and Its Electrocatalysis to 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200900022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kakhki S, Shams E, Barsan MM. Fabrication of carbon paste electrode containing a new inorganic–organic hybrid based on [SiW12O40]4− polyoxoanion and Nile blue and its electrocatalytic activity toward nitrite reduction. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2013.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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A glucose biosensor based on direct attachment of in situ generated nile blue diazonium cations to the electrode surface. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kul D, Pauliukaite R, Brett CM. Electrosynthesis and characterisation of poly(Nile blue) films. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2011.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Pakapongpan S, Palangsuntikul R, Surareungchai W. Electrochemical sensors for hemoglobin and myoglobin detection based on methylene blue-multiwalled carbon nanotubes nanohybrid-modified glassy carbon electrode. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Nazemi Z, Shams E, Amini MK. Covalent modification of glassy carbon electrode by Nile blue: Preparation, electrochemistry and electrocatalysis. Electrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.06.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Pauliukaite R, Ghica ME, Barsan MM, Brett CMA. Phenazines and Polyphenazines in Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors. ANAL LETT 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00032711003653791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Chen X, Wang F, Chen Z. An electropolymerized Nile Blue sensing film-based nitrite sensor and application in food analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 623:213-20. [PMID: 18620926 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2008] [Revised: 06/11/2008] [Accepted: 06/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports a poly-Nile Blue (PNB) sensing film based electrochemical sensor and the application in food analysis as a possible alternative for electrochemical detection of nitrite. The PNB-modified electrode in the sensor was prepared by in situ electropolymerization of Nile Blue at a prepolarized glassy carbon (GC) electrode and then characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and pulse voltammetry in phosphate buffer (pH 7.1). Several key operational parameters affecting the electrochemical response of PNB sensing film were examined and optimized, such as polarization time, PNB film thickness and electrolyte pH values. As the electroactive PNB sensing film provides plenty of active sites for anodic oxidation of nitrite, the nitrite sensor exhibited high performance including high sensitivity, low detection limit, simple operation and good stability at the optimized conditions. The nitrite sensor revealed good linear behavior in the concentration range from 5.0x10(-7) mol L(-1) to 1.0x10(-4) mol L(-1) for the quantitative analysis of nitrite anion with a limit of detection of 1.0x10(-7) mol L(-1). Finally, the application in food analysis using sausage as testing samples was investigated and the results were consistent with those obtained by standard spectrophotometric method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Scheller FW, Bistolas N, Liu S, Jänchen M, Katterle M, Wollenberger U. Thirty years of haemoglobin electrochemistry. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2005; 116:111-20. [PMID: 16099417 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2005.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2005] [Accepted: 05/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical investigations of the blood oxygen carrier protein include both mediated and direct electron transfer. The reaction of haemoglobin (Hb) with typical mediators, e.g., ferricyanide, can be quantified by measuring the produced ferrocyanide which is equivalent to the Hb concentration. Immobilization of the mediator within the electrode body allows reagentless electrochemical measuring of Hb. On the other hand, entrapment of the protein within layers of polyelectrolytes, lipids, nanoparticles of clay or gold leads to a fast heterogeneous electron exchange of the partially denatured Hb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frieder W Scheller
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, Bldg. 25, D 14476 Golm, Germany.
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Liu HH, Lu JL, Zhang M, Pang DW. Electrochemical properties of Nile Blue covalently immobilized on self-assembled thiol-monolayer modified gold electrodes. ANAL SCI 2002; 18:1339-44. [PMID: 12502086 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.18.1339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A monolayer of Nile Blue (NB) has been covalently immobilized on the self-assembled thiol-monolayer modified gold electrode. Cyclic voltammograms indicated a stable and reverse redox process of NB bonded on the electrode surface. The mechanisms of redox process coupling with proton transfer were proposed. The NB-modified electrode showed excellent electrocatalytic activity toward Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidation and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) reduction. A hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on NB as a mediator has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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KURAMITZ H, SUGAWARA K, KAWASAKI M, HASEBE K, NAKAMURA H, TANAKA S. Electrocatalytic Reduction of Hemoglobin at a Self-Assembled Monolayer Electrode Containing Redox Dye, Nile Blue as an Electron-Transfer Mediator. ANAL SCI 1999. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.15.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideki KURAMITZ
- Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University
| | | | - Mikio KAWASAKI
- Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Kiyoshi HASEBE
- Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Hiroshi NAKAMURA
- Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Shunitz TANAKA
- Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University
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