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The Application of In Situ Methods to Monitor VOC Concentrations in Urban Areas—A Bibliometric Analysis and Measuring Solution Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14148815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Urbanisation development affects urban vegetation both directly and indirectly. Since this process usually involves a dramatic change in land use, it is seen as likely to cause ecological pressure on local ecosystems. All forms of human activity, including urbanisation of areas close to residential buildings, significantly impact air quality. This study aims to identify and characterise different measurement solutions of VOCs, allowing the quantification of total and selective compounds in a direct at source (in situ) manner. Portable devices for direct testing can generally be divided into detectors, chromatographs, and electronic noses. They differ in parameters such as operating principle, sensitivity, measurement range, response time, and selectivity. Direct research allows us to obtain measurement results in a short time, which is essential from the point of view of immediate reaction in the case of high concentrations of tested compounds and the possibility of ensuring the well-being of people. The paper also attempts to compare solutions and devices available on the market and assess their application.
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Zuliani I, Fattori A, Svigelj R, Dossi N, Grazioli C, Bontempelli G, Toniolo R. AMPEROMETRIC DETECTION OF ETHANOL VAPORS BY SCREEN PRINTED ELECTRODES MODIFIED BY PAPER CROWNS SOAKED WITH ROOM TEMPERATURE IONIC LIQUIDS. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202200150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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The Use of Chemical Sensors to Monitor Odour Emissions at Municipal Waste Biogas Plants. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11093916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Municipal waste treatment plants are an important element of the urban area infrastructure, but also, they are a potential source of odour nuisance. Odour impact from municipal waste processing plants raises social concerns regarding the well-being of employees operating the plants and residents of nearby areas. Chemical methods involve the determination of the quantitative composition of compounds comprising odour. These methods are less costly than olfactometry, and their efficiency is not dependent on human response. The relationship between the concentration of a single odorant and its odour threshold (OT) is determined by the odour activity value (OAV) parameter. The research involved the application of a multi-gas detector, MultiRae Pro. Measurements by means of the device were conducted at three municipal waste biogas plants located in Poland. In this paper we describe the results obtained when using a detector during the technological processes, the unitary procedures conducted at the plants, and the technological regime. The determination of these relationships could be useful in the development of odour nuisance minimization procedures at treatment plants and the adjustment to them. This is of paramount importance from the viewpoint of the safety and hygiene of the employees operating the installations and the comfort of residents in the areas surrounding biogas plants. Monitoring of expressed odorant emissions allows the course of technological processes and conducted unit operations to be controlled.
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The Impact of Technological Processes on Odorant Emissions at Municipal Waste Biogas Plants. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12135457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Municipal waste treatment is inherently associated with odour emissions. The compounds characteristic of the processes used for this purpose, and at the same time causing a negative olfactory sensation, are organic and inorganic sulphur and nitrogen compounds. The tests were carried out at the waste management plant, which in the biological part, uses the methane fermentation process and is also equipped with an installation for the collection, treatment, and energetic use of biogas. The tests include measurements of the four odorant concentrations and emissions, i.e., volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), and methanethiol (CH3SH). Measurements were made using a MultiRae Pro portable gas detector sensor. The tests were carried out in ten series for twenty measurement points in each series. The results show a significant impact of technological processes on odorant emissions. The types of waste going to the plant are also important in shaping this emission. On the one hand, it relates to the waste collection system and, on the other hand, the season of year. In addition, it has been proved that the detector used during the research is a valuable tool enabling the control of technological processes in municipal waste processing plants.
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Toniolo R, Dossi N, Giannilivigni E, Fattori A, Svigelj R, Bontempelli G, Giacomino A, Daniele S. Modified Screen Printed Electrode Suitable for Electrochemical Measurements in Gas Phase. Anal Chem 2020; 92:3689-3696. [PMID: 32008321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We describe a convenient assembly for screen printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) suitable for analyses in gaseous samples which are of course lacking in supporting electrolytes. It consists of a circular crown of filter paper, soaked in a RTIL or a DES, placed upon a disposable screen printed carbon cell, so as to contact the outer edge of the carbon disk working electrode, as well as peripheral counter and reference electrodes. The electrical contact between the paper crown soaked in RTIL or DES and SPCE electrodes is assured by a gasket, and all components are installed in a polylactic acid holder. As a result of this configuration, a sensitive, fast-responding, membrane-free gas sensor is achieved where the real working electrode surface is the boundary zone of the carbon working disk contacted by the paper crown soaked in the polyelectrolyte. This assembly provides a portable and disposable electrochemical platform, assembled by the easy immobilization onto a porous and inexpensive supporting material such as paper of RTILs or DESs which are characterized by profitable electrical conductivity and negligible vapor pressure. The electroanalytical performance of this device was evaluated by voltammetric and flow injection analyses of oxygen which was chosen as prototype of electroactive gaseous analytes. The results obtained pointed out that this assembly is very profitable for the analysis of gaseous atmospheres, especially when used as detector for FIA in gaseous streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Toniolo
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Nicolò Dossi
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Emanuele Giannilivigni
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Andrea Fattori
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Rossella Svigelj
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Gino Bontempelli
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Agnese Giacomino
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, via Giuria 9, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Salvatore Daniele
- Department of Molecular Science and Nanosystems, University of Ca' Foscari Venezia, via Torino 155, I-30137 Venezia-Mestre, Italy
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Currently Commercially Available Chemical Sensors Employed for Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds in Outdoor and Indoor Air. ENVIRONMENTS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/environments4010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Gebicki J. Application of electrochemical sensors and sensor matrixes for measurement of odorous chemical compounds. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gebicki J, Dymerski T. Application of Chemical Sensors and Sensor Matrixes to Air Quality Evaluation. THE QUALITY OF AIR 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Toniolo R, Dossi N, Svigelj R, Pigani L, Terzi F, Abollino O, Bontempelli G. A Deep Eutectic Solvent-based Amperometric Sensor for the Detection of Low Oxygen Contents in Gaseous Atmospheres. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Rehman A, Zeng X. Methods and approaches of utilizing ionic liquids as gas sensing materials. RSC Adv 2015; 5:58371-58392. [PMID: 29142738 PMCID: PMC5683717 DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06754e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Gas monitoring is of increasing significance for a broad range of applications in the fields of environmental and civil infrastructures, climate and energy, health and safety, industry and commerce. Even though there are many gas detection devices and systems available, the increasing needs for better detection technologies that not only satisfy the high analytical standards but also meet additional device requirements (e.g., being robust to survive under field conditions, low cost, small, smart, more mobile), demand continuous efforts in developing new methods and approaches for gas detection. Ionic Liquids (ILs) have attracted a tremendous interest as potential sensing materials for the gas sensor development. Being composed entirely of ions and with a broad structural and functional diversity, i.e., bifunctional (organic/inorganic), biphasic (solid/liquid) and dual-property (solvent/electrolyte), they have the complementing attributes and the required variability to allow a systematic design process across many sensing components to enhance sensing capability especially for miniaturized sensor system implementation. The emphasis of this review is to describe molecular design and control of IL interface materials to provide selective and reproducible response and to synergistically integrate IL sensing materials with low cost and low power electrochemical, piezoelectric/QCM and optical transducers to address many gas detection challenges (e.g., sensitivity, selectivity, reproducibility, speed, stability, cost, sensor miniaturization, and robustness). We further show examples to justify the importance of understanding the mechanisms and principles of physicochemical and electrochemical reactions in ILs and then link those concepts to developing new sensing methods and approaches. By doing this, we hope to stimulate further research towards the fundamental understanding of the sensing mechanisms and new sensor system development and integration, using simple sensing designs and flexible sensor structures both in terms of scientific operation and user interface that can be miniaturized and interfaced with modern wireless monitoring technologies to achieve specifications heretofore unavailable on current markets for the next generation of gas sensor applications.
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Dossi N, Toniolo R, Terzi F, Piccin E, Bontempelli G. Simple pencil-drawn paper-based devices for one-spot electrochemical detection of electroactive species in oil samples. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:1830-6. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Dossi
- Department of Food Science; University of Udine; Udine Italy
| | - Rosanna Toniolo
- Department of Food Science; University of Udine; Udine Italy
| | - Fabio Terzi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Science; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Evandro Piccin
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
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Gębicki J, Kloskowski A, Chrzanowski W, Stepnowski P, Namiesnik J. Application of Ionic Liquids in Amperometric Gas Sensors. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2015; 46:122-38. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2014.989957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Amperometric Sniffer for Volatile Amines Based on Paper-Supported Room Temperature Ionic Liquids Enabling Rapid Assessment of Fish Spoilage. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Toniolo R, Dossi N, Pizzariello A, Casagrande A, Bontempelli G. Electrochemical gas sensors based on paper-supported room-temperature ionic liquids for improved analysis of acid vapours. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:3571-7. [PMID: 23232956 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6588-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A prototype of a fast-response task-specific amperometric gas sensor based on paper-supported room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) is proposed here for improved analysis of volatile acid species. It consists of a small filter paper foil soaked with a RTIL mixture containing an ionic liquid whose anion (acetate) displays a basic character, upon which three electrodes are screen printed by carbon ink profiting from a suitable mask. It takes advantage of the high electrical conductivity and negligible vapour pressure of RTILs and of their easy immobilization into a porous and inexpensive supporting material such as paper. The performance of this device, used as a wall-jet amperometric detector for flow injection analyses of headspace samples in equilibrium with aqueous solutions at controlled concentrations, was evaluated for phenol and 1-butanethiol vapours which were adopted as model acid gaseous analytes. The results obtained showed that the quite high potentials required for the detection of these analytes are lowered significantly, thanks to the addition of the basic acetate RTIL. In such a way, overlap with the medium discharge is avoided, and the possible adverse effect of interfering species is minimised. The sensor performance was quite satisfactory (detection limits, ca. 0.3 μM; dynamic range, ca. 1-200 μM, both referred to solution concentrations; correlation coefficients in the range 0.993-0.997; repeatability, ± 6% RSD; long-term stability, 9%); thus suggesting the possible use of this device for manifold applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Toniolo
- Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Via Cotonificio 108, 33100 Udine, Italy.
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Toniolo R, Dossi N, Pizzariello A, Doherty AP, Susmel S, Bontempelli G. An oxygen amperometric gas sensor based on its electrocatalytic reduction in room temperature ionic liquids. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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References. Anal Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1201/b11478-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Toniolo R, Dossi N, Pizzariello A, Doherty AP, Bontempelli G. A Membrane Free Amperometric Gas Sensor Based on Room Temperature Ionic Liquids for the Selective Monitoring of NOx. ELECTROANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Dossi N, Toniolo R, Pizzariello A, Carrilho E, Piccin E, Battiston S, Bontempelli G. An electrochemical gas sensor based on paper supported room temperature ionic liquids. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:153-158. [PMID: 22076475 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20663j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive and fast-responding membrane-free amperometric gas sensor is described, consisting of a small filter paper foil soaked with a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL), upon which three electrodes are screen printed with carbon ink, using a suitable mask. It takes advantage of the high electrical conductivity and negligible vapour pressure of RTILs as well as their easy immobilization into a porous and inexpensive supporting material such as paper. Moreover, thanks to a careful control of the preparation procedure, a very close contact between the RTIL and electrode material can be achieved so as to allow gaseous analytes to undergo charge transfer just as soon as they reach the three-phase sites where the electrode material, paper supported RTIL and gas phase meet. Thus, the adverse effect on recorded currents of slow steps such as analyte diffusion and dissolution in a solvent is avoided. To evaluate the performance of this device, it was used as a wall-jet amperometric detector for flow injection analysis of 1-butanethiol vapours, adopted as the model gaseous analyte, present in headspace samples in equilibrium with aqueous solutions at controlled concentrations. With this purpose, the RTIL soaked paper electrochemical detector (RTIL-PED) was assembled by using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide as the wicking RTIL and printing the working electrode with carbon ink doped with cobalt(II) phthalocyanine, to profit from its ability to electrocatalyze thiol oxidation. The results obtained were quite satisfactory (detection limit: 0.5 μM; dynamic range: 2-200 μM, both referring to solution concentrations; correlation coefficient: 0.998; repeatability: ±7% RSD; long-term stability: 9%), thus suggesting the possible use of this device for manifold applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Dossi
- Department of Food Science, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
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Wang Z, Lin P, Baker GA, Stetter J, Zeng X. Ionic Liquids as Electrolytes for the Development of a Robust Amperometric Oxygen Sensor. Anal Chem 2011; 83:7066-73. [DOI: 10.1021/ac201235w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
| | - Peiling Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
| | - Gary A. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri−Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Joseph Stetter
- KWJ Engineering Incorporated, 8440 Central Avenue [Suite 2B or 2D], Newark, California 94560, United States
| | - Xiangqun Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
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Toniolo R, Susmel S, Dossi N, Pizzariello A, Martinis M, Bontempelli G. Amperometric Sniffer Based on Electrodes Supported on Ion-Exchangers for Monitoring the State of Turning Rancid of Lipids. ELECTROANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200900494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Gębicki J, Chachulski B. Influence of Analyte Flow Rate on Signal and Response Time of the Amperometric Gas Sensor with Nafion Membrane. ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200804567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Korotcenkov G, Han SD, Stetter JR. Review of Electrochemical Hydrogen Sensors. Chem Rev 2009; 109:1402-33. [DOI: 10.1021/cr800339k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghenadii Korotcenkov
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea, Technical University of Moldova, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea, and Microsystems Innovation Center, SRI International, Menlo Park, California USA
| | - Sang Do Han
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea, Technical University of Moldova, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea, and Microsystems Innovation Center, SRI International, Menlo Park, California USA
| | - Joseph R. Stetter
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea, Technical University of Moldova, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea, and Microsystems Innovation Center, SRI International, Menlo Park, California USA
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Gębicki J, Chachulski B. Impedance Investigations of Amperometric Gas Sensor Containing Aprotic Solvent. ELECTROANAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200603695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Shams E, Alibeygi F, Torabi R. Determination of Nanomolar Concentrations of Pb(II) Using Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with Zirconium Phosphated Amorphous Silica. ELECTROANAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200503448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Toniolo R, Comisso N, Schiavon G, Bontempelli G. Porous Electrodes Supported on Ion-Exchange Membranes as Electrochemical Detectors for Supercritical Fluid Chromatography. Anal Chem 2004; 76:2133-7. [PMID: 15053680 DOI: 10.1021/ac0351421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A conveniently assembled electrochemical cell, exploiting a porous electrode supported on a moist perfluorinated ion-exchange polymer, is proposed for profitable electrochemical detection in supercritical fluid chromatography. It consists of a porous Pt working electrode, contacted by the mobile phase from the chromatographic column, which is chemically deposited onto one side of a Nafion membrane. The rear uncoated side of this membrane, acting as a solid polymer electrolyte, is contacted by an electrolyte solution (1 M NaCl) contained in an internal compartment equipped with a Pt counter electrode and a Ag/AgCl, Cl(-) 1 M reference electrode. Ferrocene, eluted with supercritical carbon dioxide through a Spherisorb column installed in a supercritical fluid chromatographic system, was used as electroactive prototype analyte to test the performance of this detector, which turned out to be quite better than that provided by a conventional on-line UV absorbance detector. The recorded peaks were characterized by both a good reproducibility (4.5%) and a linear dependence of their height and area, which extended over a wide concentration range ( approximately 3 orders of magnitude). Moreover, they were not interfered by possible solvent front, unlike peaks recorded by the UV detector. The detection limit, estimated for a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 (4.2 x 10(-11) mol), was lower by approximately 1 order of magnitude than that found for the UV detector. Finally, the long-term stability of this detector was satisfactory in that only a approximately 6% decrease in the current responses was observed after a rather long period (2 months) of continuous use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Toniolo
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technology, University of Udine, Via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
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Amperometric monitoring of hydrogen peroxide in workplace atmospheres by electrodes supported on ion-exchange membranes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(01)00612-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Jacquinot P, Hodgson AW, Hauser PC. Amperometric detection of NO and NO2 in the ppb range with solid-polymer electrolyte membrane supported noble metal electrodes. Anal Chim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(01)01196-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Hodgson AWE, Jacquinot P, Hauser PC. Electrochemical Sensor for the Detection of SO2 in the Low-ppb Range. Anal Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ac9812429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. W. E. Hodgson
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 51, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - P. Jacquinot
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 51, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - P. C. Hauser
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 51, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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Abstract
The advance of materials chemistry has influenced the design of analytical sensors, especially those using spectroscopic or electrochemical methods for generating the signal. New methods of immobilizing enzymes, chromophores, and electron-transfer catalysts have resulted from initiatives in materials science. Systems based on sol-gel chemistry are especially noteworthy in this regard, but other important materials for chemical and biochemical sensors include zeolites, organic polymers, and various conducting composites. Applications cited include determinations of inorganic ions, gases, neurotransmitters, alcohols, carbohydrates, amino acids, proteins, and DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Tess
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
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Toniolo R, Comisso N, Bontempelli G, Schiavon G, Sitran S. A Novel Assembly for Perfluorinated Ion-Exchange Membrane-Based Sensors Designed for Electroanalytical Measurements in Nonconducting Media. ELECTROANAL 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-4109(199810)10:14<942::aid-elan942>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Janata
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400
| | - Mira Josowicz
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400
| | - Petr Vanýsek
- Department of Chemistry, Nothern Illinois University DeKalb, Illinois 60115
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Affiliation(s)
- James L. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556
| | - Louis A. Coury
- Bioanalytical Systems Inc., 2701 Kent Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906-1382
| | - Johna Leddy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
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