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Abstract
The investigation of lipid films for the construction of biosensors has recently given the opportunity to manufacture devices to selectively detect a wide range of food toxicants, environmental pollutants, and compounds of clinical interest. Biosensor miniaturization using nanotechnological tools has provided novel routes to immobilize various “receptors” within the lipid film. This chapter reviews and exploits platforms in biosensors based on lipid membrane technology that are used in food, environmental, and clinical chemistry to detect various toxicants. Examples of applications are described with an emphasis on novel systems, new sensing techniques, and nanotechnology-based transduction schemes. The compounds that can be monitored are insecticides, pesticides, herbicides, metals, toxins, antibiotics, microorganisms, hormones, dioxins, etc.
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Siontorou CG, Nikoleli GP, Nikolelis DP, Karapetis SK. Artificial Lipid Membranes: Past, Present, and Future. MEMBRANES 2017; 7:E38. [PMID: 28933723 PMCID: PMC5618123 DOI: 10.3390/membranes7030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The multifaceted role of biological membranes prompted early the development of artificial lipid-based models with a primary view of reconstituting the natural functions in vitro so as to study and exploit chemoreception for sensor engineering. Over the years, a fair amount of knowledge on the artificial lipid membranes, as both, suspended or supported lipid films and liposomes, has been disseminated and has helped to diversify and expand initial scopes. Artificial lipid membranes can be constructed by several methods, stabilized by various means, functionalized in a variety of ways, experimented upon intensively, and broadly utilized in sensor development, drug testing, drug discovery or as molecular tools and research probes for elucidating the mechanics and the mechanisms of biological membranes. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art, discusses the diversity of applications, and presents future perspectives. The newly-introduced field of artificial cells further broadens the applicability of artificial membranes in studying the evolution of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina G Siontorou
- Laboratory of Simulation of Industrial Processes, Department of Industrial Management and Technology, School of Maritime and Industry, University of Piraeus, 18534 Piraeus, Greece.
| | - Georgia-Paraskevi Nikoleli
- Laboratory of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios P Nikolelis
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece.
| | - Stefanos K Karapetis
- Laboratory of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece.
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Nikoleli GP, Nikolelis DP, Evtugyn G, Hianik T. Advances in lipid film based biosensors. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Nikolelis DP, Hianik T, Nikoleli GP. Stabilized Lipid Films in Electrochemical Biosensors. ELECTROANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201000420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Humeník D, Chorvát D, Novotný I, Tvarozek V, Oretskaya TS, Hianik T. AFM images of short oligonucleotides on a surface of supported lipid films. Med Eng Phys 2006; 28:956-62. [PMID: 16829154 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2006.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2006] [Accepted: 05/04/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to study the topography of lipid films on a gold support with immobilized 19 mer single stranded DNA (ssDNA) chemically modified by oleylamine and after hybridization with complementary DNA. The topography of various surfaces was analyzed, including alkanethiol layer chemisorbed on a gold support, lipid films formed on alkanethiol layer without and with immobilized single or double stranded DNA (dsDNA). The value of root means square roughness (RMS) for each surface was determined. RMS value for sBLM with immobilized ssDNA was 2.98 nm, while slightly higher value of 3.37 nm was typical for dsDNA. The analysis of AFM images revealed that both ssDNA and dsDNA form clusters. The clusters formed by ssDNA are not uniform, but that formed by dsDNA are almost of circular shape with diameter of 13.6+/-0.5 nm. Formation of the clusters could be consequence of lower hydration of lipids and DNA at an air. The water deficit and hence increased ion concentration probably facilitate the attraction between oligonucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drahoslav Humeník
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina F1, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Electrostatic Potentials of Bilayer Lipid Membranes: Basic Principles and Analytical Applications. ULTRATHIN ELECTROCHEMICAL CHEMO- AND BIOSENSORS 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-05204-4_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Nikolelis DP, Petropoulou SSE, Mitrokotsa MV. A minisensor for the rapid screening of atenolol in pharmaceutical preparations based on surface-stabilized bilayer lipid membranes with incorporated DNA. Bioelectrochemistry 2002; 58:107-12. [PMID: 12401576 DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5394(02)00121-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This work describes an electrochemical technique that is suitable for the rapid and sensitive screening of atenolol based on surface-stabilized bilayer lipid membranes (s-BLMs) composed from egg phosphatidylcholine (PC). The interactions of atenolol with s-BLMs produced electrochemical ion current increases that reproducible appeared within a few seconds after the exposure of the membranes to the drug. The current signal increase was related to the concentration of atenolol in bulk solution in the micromolar range. The present lipid film-based sensor provided fast response (i.e. on the order of a few seconds) to alterations of atenolol concentration (20 to 200 micro M) in electrolyte solution. ssDNA incorporated into s-BLMs can interact with atenolol, and decreased the detection limit of this drug by one order of magnitude. The oligomers used were single stranded deoxyribonucleic acids: thymidylic acid icosanucleotide terminated with a C-16 alkyl chain to assist incorporation into s-BLMs (5'-hexadecyl-deoxythymidylic acid icosanucleotide, dT(20)-C(16)). The electrochemical transduction of the interactions of atenolol with s-BLMs was applied in the determination of these compounds in pharmaceutical preparations by using the present minisensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios P Nikolelis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Kouponia, 15771-, Athens, Greece.
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Electrochemical investigation of interactions of bilayer lipid membranes (BLMs) with incorporated resorcin[4]arene receptor with ephedrine for the development of a stabilized lipid film biosensor for ephedrine. Electrochim Acta 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0013-4686(02)00282-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Nikolelis DP, Petropoulou SSE. Investigation of interactions of a resorcin[4]arene receptor with bilayer lipid membranes (BLMs) for the electrochemical biosensing of mixtures of dopamine and ephedrine. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2002; 1558:238-45. [PMID: 11779572 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(01)00438-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present article investigates the interactions of a resorcin[4]arene receptor with planar bilayer lipid membranes (BLMs) that can be used for the electrochemical detection of dopamine and ephedrine. BLMs were composed of egg phosphatidylcholine and 35% (w/w) dipalmitoyl phosphatidic acid in which the receptor was incorporated. These BLMs modified with the resorcin[4]arene receptor can be used as one-shot sensors for the direct electrochemical sensing of these energizing-stimulating substances. The interactions of these compounds with the lipid membranes were found to be electrochemically transduced in the form of a transient current signal with a duration of seconds, which reproducibly appeared within 8 and 20 s after exposure of the membranes to dopamine and ephedrine, respectively. The response time for BLMs without the receptor for dopamine was about 3 min, whereas no signals were obtained for ephedrine in the absence of the receptor. The mechanism of signal generation was investigated by differential scanning calorimetric studies. These studies revealed that the adsorption of the receptor is through the hydrophobic tails of the receptor, whereas hydrophilic groups of the receptor were directed towards the electrolyte solution enhancing the ion transport through the lipid membranes. The magnitude of the transient current signal was related to the concentration of the stimulating agent in bulk solution in the micromolar range. No interferences from ascorbic acid were noticed because of the use of the negatively charged lipids in membranes. The present technique can be used as one-shot sensor for the detection of these pharmaceutical substances and future research is targeted to the determination of these chemicals in human biofluids such as urine of athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios P Nikolelis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis-Kouponia, 15771 Athens, Greece.
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Nikolelis DP, Pantoulias S. A minisensor for the rapid screening of sucralose based on surface-stabilized bilayer lipid membranes. Biosens Bioelectron 2001; 15:439-44. [PMID: 11419638 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(00)00089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This work describes an electrochemical technique that is suitable for the rapid and sensitive screening of the sweetener sucralose based on surface-stabilized bilayer lipid membranes (s-BLMs) composed of egg phosphatidylcholine. The interactions of sucralose with s-BLMs produced electrochemical ion current increases, which appeared reproducible within a few seconds after exposure of the membranes to the sweetener. The mechanism of signal generation was investigated by differential scanning calorimetric studies. The mechanism was found to be associated with alteration of the electrostatic fields of the lipid film. These studies revealed that an increase of the molecular area of the lipids at the membranes and a stabilization of a gel phase structure occurred due to adsorption of the sweetener. Water molecules are adsorbed at the polar headgroups of the lipids, which changes the electrostatic field at the surface of the membranes. The current signal increases were related to the concentration of sucralose in bulk solution in the micromolar range. The present lipid film based sensor provided a fast response (i.e. in the order of a few seconds) to alterations of sucralose concentration (5-50 microm) in electrolyte solution. The electrochemical transduction of the interactions of this artificial sweetener with s-BLMs was applied in the determination of this compound in granulated sugar substitute products using the present minisensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Nikolelis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis-Kouponia, Greece.
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Hianik T, Gajdos V, Krivanek R, Oretskaya T, Metelev V, Volkov E, Vadgama P. Amperometric detection of DNA hybridization on a gold surface depends on the orientation of oligonucleotide chains. Bioelectrochemistry 2001; 53:199-204. [PMID: 11339308 DOI: 10.1016/s0302-4598(00)00130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We tested the possibility of amperometric detection of DNA hybridization on a gold surface influenced by the immobilization of oligonucleotide giving different orientations of single stranded DNA relative to the gold surface. The DNA sensor was fabricated by chemisorption of 18-mer oligonucleotide modified by a phosphorothioate group either at its 3' or both 3' and 5' terminal. After immobilization of oligonucleotide to the gold support, the sensor was immersed in 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) solution. Further chemisorption of MUA resulted in approximately 10-fold increase of resistance of the organic layer. Addition of complementary oligonucleotide resulted in an increase of conductivity for DNA sensor oriented perpendicular to the gold support (DNA with one thiol group), while the conductance decreased for DNA sensor with single stranded DNA oriented parallel to the gold support (with DNA modified by thiol groups at both 3' and 5' terminals). Addition of non-complementary chain resulted a slight decrease or no change of sensor conductivity. The hybridization process at both types of DNA orientations is not cooperative and can be described by Langmuir isotherms. The hybridization event on gold support has been confirmed by mass detection using the quartz crystal microbalance technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hianik
- Department of Biophysics and Chemical Physics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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Zhang Y, Shen H, Zhang C, Ottova A, Tien H. The study on the interaction of DNA with hemin and the detection of DNA using the salt bridge supported bilayer lipid membrane system. Electrochim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0013-4686(00)00698-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Nikolelis DP, Pantoulias S, Krull UJ, Zeng J. Electrochemical transduction of the interactions of the sweeteners acesulfame-K, saccharin and cyclamate with bilayer lipid membranes (BLMs). Electrochim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0013-4686(00)00686-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
This review reports the significance of bilayer lipid membranes on a solid support (sBLM) for the construction of biosensors. The methods of formation of lipid membranes on different solid supports including different metals (silver, gold, stainless steel), agar and conducting polymers are presented. Several examples of the application of electrostriction and dielectric relaxation methods for the study of mechanical properties and dynamics of solid supported bilayers have been shown. We demonstrated that these methods are useful for determination of the binding of enzymes and antibodies to sBLM, for the study of hybridization of nucleic acids on membrane surfaces and for the study of physical properties of modified supported membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hianik
- Department of Biophysics and Chemical Physics, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina FI, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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Krull UJ, Nikolelis DP, Jantzi SC, Zeng J. Electrochemical Detection of Hybridization of DNA Oligomers of Mixed Base Sequence by Surface-Stabilized Bilayer Lipid Membranes. ELECTROANAL 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-4109(200008)12:12<921::aid-elan921>3.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Nikolelis DP, Pantoulias S. A Minisensor for the Rapid Screening of Acesulfame-K, Cyclamate, and Saccharin Based on Surface-Stabilized Bilayer Lipid Membranes. ELECTROANAL 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-4109(200006)12:10<786::aid-elan786>3.0.co;2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Siontorou CG, Andreou VG, Nikolelis DP, Krull UJ. Flow Injection Monitoring of Aflatoxin M1 in Cheese Using Filter-Supported Bilayer Lipid Membranes with Incorporated DNA. ELECTROANAL 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-4109(200006)12:10<747::aid-elan747>3.0.co;2-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces 88003, USA
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Abstract
The advance of materials chemistry has influenced the design of analytical sensors, especially those using spectroscopic or electrochemical methods for generating the signal. New methods of immobilizing enzymes, chromophores, and electron-transfer catalysts have resulted from initiatives in materials science. Systems based on sol-gel chemistry are especially noteworthy in this regard, but other important materials for chemical and biochemical sensors include zeolites, organic polymers, and various conducting composites. Applications cited include determinations of inorganic ions, gases, neurotransmitters, alcohols, carbohydrates, amino acids, proteins, and DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Tess
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
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Affinity biosensors based on solid supported lipid membranes. Their structure, physical properties and dynamics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-4598(98)00162-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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