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Prado IC, Souza ALA, Provance DW, Cassella RJ, De-Simone SG. Ultrasensitive and rapid immuno-detection of human IgE anti-therapeutic horse sera using an electrochemical immunosensor. Anal Biochem 2017; 538:13-19. [PMID: 28919435 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Antivenom allergy disease mediated by patient IgE is an important public health care concern. To improve detection of hypersensitive individuals prior to passive antibody therapy, an amperometric immunosensor was developed to detect reactive human IgE. Whole horse IgG3 (hoIgG3) was immobilized onto the surface of carbon or gold screen-printed electrodes through a cross-linking solution of glutaraldehyde on a chitosan film. Sera from persons with a known allergic response to hoIgG3 or non-allergic individuals was applied to the sensor. Bound human IgE (humIgE) was detected by an anti-humIgE antibody through a quantitative amperometric determination by tracking via the electrochemical reduction of the quinone generated from the hydroquinone with the application of a potential of 25 mV. The optimal immunosensor configuration detected reactive humIgE at a dilution of 1:1800 of the human sera that represent a detection limit of 0.5 pg/mL. Stability testing demonstrated that through 20 cycles of a scan, the specificity and performance remained robust. The new immunosensor successfully detected humIgE antibodies reactive against hoIgG3, which could allow the diagnosis of potential allergenic patients needing therapeutic antivenom preparations from a horse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isis C Prado
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS)/National Institute of Science and Technology on Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN) FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Federal Fluminense University, Chemistry Institute, Analytical Chemistry Department, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - André L A Souza
- FIOCRUZ, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Biochemistry of Pharmaceuticals, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - David W Provance
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS)/National Institute of Science and Technology on Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN) FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ricardo J Cassella
- Federal Fluminense University, Chemistry Institute, Analytical Chemistry Department, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Salvatore G De-Simone
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS)/National Institute of Science and Technology on Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN) FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; FIOCRUZ, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Biochemistry of Pharmaceuticals, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Federal Fluminense University, Biology Institute, Cellular and Molecular Department, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Sharma VK, Jelen F, Trnkova L. Functionalized solid electrodes for electrochemical biosensing of purine nucleobases and their analogues: a review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2015; 15:1564-600. [PMID: 25594595 PMCID: PMC4327092 DOI: 10.3390/s150101564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interest in electrochemical analysis of purine nucleobases and few other important purine derivatives has been growing rapidly. Over the period of the past decade, the design of electrochemical biosensors has been focused on achieving high sensitivity and efficiency. The range of existing electrochemical methods with carbon electrode displays the highest rate in the development of biosensors. Moreover, modification of electrode surfaces based on nanomaterials is frequently used due to their extraordinary conductivity and surface to volume ratio. Different strategies for modifying electrode surfaces facilitate electron transport between the electrode surface and biomolecules, including DNA, oligonucleotides and their components. This review aims to summarize recent developments in the electrochemical analysis of purine derivatives, as well as discuss different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimal Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Frantisek Jelen
- Institute of Biophysics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, V.V.I., Kralovopolska 135, CZ-612 65 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Libuse Trnkova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Signal-amplified platform for electrochemical immunosensor based on TiO2 nanotube arrays using a HRP tagged antibody-Au nanoparticles as probe. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 41:771-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2012.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zhang Y, Ge S, Wang S, Yan M, Yu J, Song X, Liu W. Magnetic beads-based electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for determination of cancer markers using quantum dot functionalized PtRu alloys as labels. Analyst 2012; 137:2176-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an16170b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Logvina NA, Yakubovskaya MG, Dolinnaya NG. Rapid photometric detection of thymine residues partially flipped out of double helix as a method for direct scanning of point mutations and apurinic DNA sites. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2011; 76:245-52. [PMID: 21568858 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297911020118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A spectroscopic assay for detection of extrahelical thymine residues in DNA heteroduplexes under their modification by potassium permanganate has been developed. The assay is based on increase in absorbance at 420 nm due to accumulation of thymidine oxidation intermediates and soluble manganese dioxide. The analysis was carried out using a set of 19-bp DNA duplexes containing unpaired thymidines opposite tetrahydrofuranyl derivatives mimicking a widespread DNA damage (apurinic (AP) sites) and a library of 50-bp DNA duplexes containing all types of base mismatches in different surroundings. The relation between the selectivity of unpaired T oxidation and the thermal stability of DNA double helix was investigated. The method described here was shown to discriminate between DNA duplexes with one or two AP sites and to reveal thymine-containing mismatches and all noncanonical base pairs in AT-surroundings. Comparative results of CCM analysis and the rapid photometric assay for mismatch detection are demonstrated for the first time in the same model system. The chemical reactivity of target thymines was shown to correlate with local disturbance of double helix at the mismatch site. As the spectroscopic assay does not require the DNA cleavage reaction and gel electrophoresis, it can be easily automated and used for primary screening of somatic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Logvina
- Chemical Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia
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Jakobsen U, Shelke SA, Vogel S, Sigurdsson ST. Site-directed spin-labeling of nucleic acids by click chemistry: detection of abasic sites in duplex DNA by EPR spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:10424-8. [PMID: 20617829 DOI: 10.1021/ja102797k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a spin label that can detect and identify local structural deformations in duplex DNA, in particular abasic sites. The spin label was incorporated into DNA by a new postsynthetic approach using click-chemistry on a solid support, which simplified both the synthesis and purification of the spin-labeled oligonucleotides. A nitroxide-functionalized azide, prepared by a short synthetic route, was reacted with an oligomer containing 5-ethynyl-2'-dU. The conjugation proceeded in quantitative yield and resulted in a fairly rigid linker between the modified nucleotide and the nitroxide spin label. The spin label was used to detect, for the first time, abasic sites in duplex DNA by X-band CW-EPR spectroscopy and give information about other structural deformations as well as local conformational changes in DNA. For example, reduced mobility of the spin label in a mismatched pair with T was consistent with the spin label displacing the T from the duplex. Addition of mercury(II) to this mispair resulted in a substantial increase in the motion of the spin label, consistent with formation of a metallopair between the T and the spin-labeled base that results in movement of the spin label out of the duplex and toward the solution. Thus, reposition of the spin label, when acting as a mercury(II)-controlled mechanical lever, can be readily detected by EPR spectroscopy. The ease of incorporation and properties of the new spin label make it attractive for EPR studies of nucleic acids and other macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulla Jakobsen
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of Southern Denmark, Nucleic Acid Center Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark
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Buzzeo MC, Barton JK. Redmond Red as a redox probe for the DNA-mediated detection of abasic sites. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 19:2110-2. [PMID: 18831574 DOI: 10.1021/bc800339y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Redmond Red, a fluoropore containing a redox-active phenoxazine core, has been explored as a new electrochemical probe for the detection of abasic sites in double-stranded DNA. The electrochemical behavior of Redmond Red-modified DNA at gold surfaces exhibits stable, quasi-reversible voltammetry with a midpoint potential centered around -50 mV versus NHE. Importantly, with Redmond Red positioned opposite an abasic site within the DNA duplex, the electrochemical response is significantly enhanced compared to Redmond Red positioned across from a base. Redmond Red, reporting only if well-stacked in the duplex, represents a sensitive probe to detect abasic sites electrochemically in a DNA-mediated reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa C Buzzeo
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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Wu Y, Chen C, Liu S. Enzyme-Functionalized Silica Nanoparticles as Sensitive Labels in Biosensing. Anal Chem 2009; 81:1600-7. [PMID: 19140671 DOI: 10.1021/ac802345z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengliang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songqin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People’s Republic of China
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Chen L, Chen C, Li R, Li Y, Liu S. CdTe quantum dot functionalized silica nanosphere labels for ultrasensitive detection of biomarker. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:2670-2. [DOI: 10.1039/b900319c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Liu S, Zhang X, Wu Y, Tu Y, He L. Prostate-specific antigen detection by using a reusable amperometric immunosensor based on reversible binding and leasing of HRP-anti-PSA from phenylboronic acid modified electrode. Clin Chim Acta 2008; 395:51-6. [PMID: 18514069 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2008.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2008] [Revised: 04/28/2008] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, many automated immunoassay analyzers have been developed for accurate diagnosis of various disease states and to improve effective drug administration. Amperometric immunoassay has been increasingly applied to laboratory medicine due to its ease in automation, rapid speed and low detection limits. It is important to develop reusable immunologically-sensitive elements for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) detection. METHODS The strategy for the immunosensor construction is based on the enzyme-conjugated prostate-specific antibody (HRP-anti-PSA) reversible binding with a self-assembled phenylboronic acid monolayer on gold. RESULTS After incubating an HRP-anti-PSA modified electrode in a PSA solution, a decrease in the electrocatalytic response of the HRP-anti-PSA modified electrode to the reduction of H(2)O(2) is observed. The photometric activity assays show that this decrease of the electrocatalytic response arises from the formation of immunocomplexes of HRP-conjugated anti-PSA and its antigen, not from the loss of bound HRP-anti-PSA from the electrode surface. Analytical performances and optimal conditions of the described immunosensor are also investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the amperometric immunosensor shows a linear increase of the relative intensity in 2 PSA concentration range from 2 to 15 ng/ml and 15 to 120 ng/ml, respectively. CONCLUSION This method could be used for rapid analysis of PSA and potentially other antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songqin Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biodevices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang X, Wu Y, Tu Y, Liu S. A reusable electrochemical immunosensor for carcinoembryonic antigen via molecular recognition of glycoprotein antibody by phenylboronic acid self-assembly layer on gold. Analyst 2008; 133:485-92. [PMID: 18365118 DOI: 10.1039/b714896h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A reusable amperometric immunosensor based on the reversible boronic acid-sugar interaction is proposed. The immunosensor was prepared by self-assembling a thiol-mixed monolayer comprised of conjugates of 3-aminophenylboronic acid with 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (APBA-MUA) and 11-mercapto-1-undecanol (MU) on gold. The resulting boronic acid coating layer can specifically bind with the glycoprotein antibody, enzyme conjugated carcinoembryonic antibody (HRP-anti-CEA). Voltammetric and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) studies and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) measurements show that the binding of HRP-anti-CEA to the APBA interface is reversible and the HRP-anti-CEA can be removed with an acidic buffer or a solution containing sorbitol. The bound enzyme-conjugated antibody can retain its enzyme catalytic activity to the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and its immunoactivity while binding with CEA to form an immunocomplex. After the formation of the immunocomplex, the access of the active center of HRP to thionine was partially inhibited. This leads to a linear decrease in the electrocatalytic response of HRP-anti-CEA-modified electrode over a CEA concentration range of 2.5 to 40.0 ng mL(-1). After monitoring the immunoreaction signals, the immunocomplex can be easily removed from the APBA interface with a regeneration solution. This regenerated APBA interface can rebound with HRP-anti-CEA and be recognized by the antigen, through which a reusable immunosensor with an RSD of 7.1% for four cycles can be obtained. Under optimal conditions, the detection limit for the CEA immunoassay is 1.1 ng mL(-1), at three times background noise. Serum CEA determination results, obtained with the proposed method, shows that the immunosensor has an acceptable accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Zhang
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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Abstract
We describe procedures for the synthesis of a fluorescent pyrimidine analog and its site-specific incorporation into a DNA oligomer. The 5'-protected and 3'-activated nucleoside 4 is synthesized in three steps with an overall yield of 40%. Site-specific incorporation into a DNA oligomer occurs with greater than 88% coupling efficiency. This isosteric fluorescent DNA analog can be used to monitor denaturation of DNA duplexes via fluorescence and can positively detect the presence of abasic sites in DNA duplexes. The total time for synthesis of the phosphoramidite 4 is about 75 h, whereas the total time for site-specific incorporation of nucleoside 2 into an oligonucleotide and purification of the corresponding oligonucleotide is about 114 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Greco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
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Liao JY. Detection of human chorionic gonadotrophin hormone using a label-free epoxysilane-modified capacitive immunosensor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 74:1385-91. [PMID: 17160390 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-006-0778-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2006] [Revised: 11/19/2006] [Accepted: 11/20/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A new and label-free capacitive immunosensor based on antibody-functionalized epoxysilane on a glassy carbon electrode has been developed for quantitative detection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Monitoring the changes in the capacitance signals of antibodies before and after the binding of the antigen provides the basis for an immunoassay. The performance and factors influencing the immunosensor were also studied. Under the optimized conditions, the developed immunosensor quantitatively detected serum hCG in the range of 18-450 mIU/ml with a detection limit of 5.0 mIU/ml (at 3delta). Thirty-five patients' sera were assayed by the proposed immunosensor, and the results agreed with those given by the commercial radioimmunoassay test kit, with correlation coefficient of 0.998. Further research about the intrinsic electroactivity of antibodies and their target molecules would surely provide new and sensitive screening assays as well as extensive data regarding their interaction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yao Liao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China.
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Fundador E, Rusling J. Detection of labeled abasic sites in damaged DNA by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 387:1883-90. [PMID: 17206410 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-1041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2006] [Revised: 11/19/2006] [Accepted: 11/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Removal of nucleobases from the DNA backbone leads to the formation of abasic sites. The rate of abasic site formation is significantly increased for chemically damaged nucleobases. Thus, abasic sites serve as general biomarkers for the quantification of DNA damage. Herein, we show that capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence (CE-LIF) can be used to detect the amount of abasic sites with very high sensitivity. For proof of concept, DNA was incubated with methylmethane sulfonate (MMS) and the damaged bases were removed by incubation at 80 degrees C. The resulting abasic sites were then tagged with a fluorescent aldehyde-reactive probe (FARP). The DNA was precipitated with ethanol, and then analyzed by CE-LIF. CE-LIF and HPLC analysis shows that the fluorescently tagged DNA (DNA-FARP) had a peak area directly proportional to the amount of N-7 methyl guanines. The CE-LIF method had a detection limit of 1.2 abasic sites per 1,000,000 bases or ca. 20 attomoles of abasic sites. This provides a general method for detecting DNA damage that is not only faster but also has comparable or better sensitivity than the alternative ELISA-like method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Fundador
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, USA
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