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Wu X, Surendran A, Ko J, Filonik O, Herzig EM, Müller-Buschbaum P, Leong WL. Ionic-Liquid Doping Enables High Transconductance, Fast Response Time, and High Ion Sensitivity in Organic Electrochemical Transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1805544. [PMID: 30417445 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are highly attractive for applications ranging from circuit elements and neuromorphic devices to transducers for biological sensing, and the archetypal channel material is poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate), PEDOT:PSS. The operation of OECTs involves the doping and dedoping of a conjugated polymer due to ion intercalation under the application of a gate voltage. However, the challenge is the trade-off in morphology for mixed conduction since good electronic charge transport requires a high degree of ordering among PEDOT chains, while efficient ion uptake and volumetric doping necessitates open and loose packing of the polymer chains. Ionic-liquid-doped PEDOT:PSS that overcomes this limitation is demonstrated. Ionic-liquid-doped OECTs show high transconductance, fast transient response, and high device stability over 3600 switching cycles. The OECTs are further capable of having good ion sensitivity and robust toward physical deformation. These findings pave the way for higher performance bioelectronics and flexible/wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihu Wu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Abhijith Surendran
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jieun Ko
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Oliver Filonik
- Munich School of Engineering, Herzig Group, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4a, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Eva M Herzig
- Munich School of Engineering, Herzig Group, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4a, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Dynamics and Structure Formation - Herzig Group, Fachbereich Physik, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Wei Lin Leong
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
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Fabrication and Use of Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Sensing of Metabolites in Aqueous Media. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8060928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Doris SE, Pierre A, Street RA. Dynamic and Tunable Threshold Voltage in Organic Electrochemical Transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1706757. [PMID: 29498110 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have found applications in chemical and biological sensing and interfacing, neuromorphic computing, digital logic, and printed electronics. However, the incorporation of OECTs in practical electronic circuits is limited by the relative lack of control over their threshold voltage, which is important for controlling the power consumption and noise margin in complementary and unipolar circuits. Here, the threshold voltage of OECTs is precisely tuned over a range of more than 1 V by chemically controlling the electrochemical potential at the gate electrode. This threshold voltage tunability is exploited to prepare inverters and amplifiers with improved noise margin and gain, respectively. By coupling the gate electrode with an electrochemical oscillator, single-transistor oscillators based on OECTs with dynamic time-varying threshold voltages are prepared. This work highlights the importance of electrochemistry at the gate electrode in determining the electrical properties of OECTs, and opens a path toward the system-level design of low-power OECT-based electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean E Doris
- Palo Alto Research Center-a Xerox Company, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Adrien Pierre
- Palo Alto Research Center-a Xerox Company, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Robert A Street
- Palo Alto Research Center-a Xerox Company, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
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Han ST, Peng H, Sun Q, Venkatesh S, Chung KS, Lau SC, Zhou Y, Roy VAL. An Overview of the Development of Flexible Sensors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1700375. [PMID: 28671711 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201700375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Flexible sensors that efficiently detect various stimuli relevant to specific environmental or biological species have been extensively studied due to their great potential for the Internet of Things and wearable electronics applications. The application of flexible and stretchable electronics to device-engineering technologies has enabled the fabrication of slender, lightweight, stretchable, and foldable sensors. Here, recent studies on flexible sensors for biological analytes, ions, light, and pH are outlined. In addition, contemporary studies on device structure, materials, and fabrication methods for flexible sensors are discussed, and a market overview is provided. The conclusion presents challenges and perspectives in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ting Han
- College of Electronic Science and Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Peng
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Qijun Sun
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Shishir Venkatesh
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Kam-Sing Chung
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Siu Chuen Lau
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Ye Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - V A L Roy
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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Wen Y, Xu J. Scientific Importance of Water-Processable PEDOT-PSS and Preparation, Challenge and New Application in Sensors of Its Film Electrode: A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangping Wen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry; Jiangxi Agricultural University; Nanchang 330045 People's Republic of China
| | - Jingkun Xu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings; Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang 330013 People's Republic of China
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Ion sensors based on novel fiber organic electrochemical transistors for lead ion detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:5779-5787. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9684-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Strakosas X, Bongo M, Owens RM. The organic electrochemical transistor for biological applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xenofon Strakosas
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 avenue de Mimet; 13541 Gardanne France
| | - Manuelle Bongo
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 avenue de Mimet; 13541 Gardanne France
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Bioelectronics; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 avenue de Mimet; 13541 Gardanne France
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Liao C, Yan F. Organic Semiconductors in Organic Thin-Film Transistor-Based Chemical and Biological Sensors. POLYM REV 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2013.808665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Lin P, Yan F. Organic thin-film transistors for chemical and biological sensing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:34-51. [PMID: 22102447 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201103334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 397] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) show promising applications in various chemical and biological sensors. The advantages of OTFT-based sensors include high sensitivity, low cost, easy fabrication, flexibility and biocompatibility. In this paper, we review the chemical sensors and biosensors based on two types of OTFTs, including organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), mainly focusing on the papers published in the past 10 years. Various types of OTFT-based sensors, including pH, ion, glucose, DNA, enzyme, antibody-antigen, cell-based sensors, dopamine sensor, etc., are classified and described in the paper in sequence. The sensing mechanisms and the detection limits of the devices are described in details. It is expected that OTFTs may have more important applications in chemical and biological sensing with the development of organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lin
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Lange U, Mirsky VM. Chemiresistors based on conducting polymers: A review on measurement techniques. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 687:105-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Integrated electrochemical transistor as a fast recoverable gas sensor. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 687:7-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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