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Mousavi SM, Nezhad FF, Ghahramani Y, Binazadeh M, Javidi Z, Azhdari R, Gholami A, Omidifar N, Rahman MM, Chiang WH. Recent Advances in Bioactive Carbon Nanotubes Based on Polymer Composites for Biosensor Applications. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301288. [PMID: 38697942 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Recent breakthroughs in the field of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have opened up unprecedented opportunities for the development of specialized bioactive CNT-polymers for a variety of biosensor applications. The incorporation of bioactive materials, including DNA, aptamers and antibodies, into CNTs to produce composites of bioactive CNTs has attracted considerable attention. In addition, polymers are essential for the development of biosensors as they provide biocompatible conditions and are the ideal matrix for the immobilization of proteins. The numerous applications of bioactive compounds combined with the excellent chemical and physical properties of CNTs have led to the development of bioactive CNT-polymer composites. This article provides a comprehensive overview of CNT-polymer composites and new approaches to encapsulate bioactive compounds and polymers in CNTs. Finally, biosensor applications of bioactive CNT-polymer for the detection of glucose, H2O2 and cholesterol were investigated. The surface of CNT-polymer facilitates the immobilization of bioactive molecules such as DNA, enzymes or antibodies, which in turn enables the construction of state-of-the-art, future-oriented biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yasamin Ghahramani
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Binazadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Mollasadra Street, 71345, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Zahra Javidi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Azhdari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Gholami
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Navid Omidifar
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 71468-64685, Iran
| | - Mohammed M Rahman
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) & Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wei-Hung Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
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Saputra HA, Jannath KA, Kim KB, Park DS, Shim YB. Conducting polymer composite-based biosensing materials for the diagnosis of lung cancer: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126149. [PMID: 37582435 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of a simple and fast cancer detection method is crucial since early diagnosis is a key factor in increasing survival rates for lung cancer patients. Among several diagnosis methods, the electrochemical sensor is the most promising one due to its outstanding performance, portability, real-time analysis, robustness, amenability, and cost-effectiveness. Conducting polymer (CP) composites have been frequently used to fabricate a robust sensor device, owing to their excellent physical and electrochemical properties as well as biocompatibility with nontoxic effects on the biological system. This review brings up a brief overview of the importance of electrochemical biosensors for the early detection of lung cancer, with a detailed discussion on the design and development of CP composite materials for biosensor applications. The review covers the electrochemical sensing of numerous lung cancer markers employing composite electrodes based on the conducting polyterthiophene, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), polyaniline, polypyrrole, molecularly imprinted polymers, and others. In addition, a hybrid of the electrochemical biosensors and other techniques was highlighted. The outlook was also briefly discussed for the development of CP composite-based electrochemical biosensors for POC diagnostic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heru Agung Saputra
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Khatun A Jannath
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Bok Kim
- Digital Health Care R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Deog-Su Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Bo Shim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Construction of a highly sensitive immunosensor based on antibody immunoglobulin G/3-(trimethoxysilyl) propylamine/graphene oxide for antigen-specific immunoglobulin G detection. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Prajapati DG, Kandasubramanian B. Progress in the Development of Intrinsically Conducting Polymer Composites as Biosensors. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019; 220:1800561. [PMID: 32327916 PMCID: PMC7168478 DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Biosensors are analytical devices which find extensive applications in fields such as the food industry, defense sector, environmental monitoring, and in clinical diagnosis. Similarly, intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) and their composites have lured immense interest in bio-sensing due to their various attributes like compatibility with biological molecules, efficient electron transfer upon biochemical reactions, loading of bio-reagent, and immobilization of biomolecules. Further, they are proficient in sensing diverse biological species and compounds like glucose (detection limit ≈0.18 nm), DNA (≈10 pm), cholesterol (≈1 µm), aptamer (≈0.8 pm), and also cancer cells (≈5 pm mL-1) making them a potential candidate for biological sensing functions. ICPs and their composites have been extensively exploited by researchers in the field of biosensors owing to these peculiarities; however, no consolidated literature on the usage of conducting polymer composites for biosensing functions is available. This review extensively elucidates on ICP composites and doped conjugated polymers for biosensing functions of copious biological species. In addition, a brief overview is provided on various forms of biosensors, their sensing mechanisms, and various methods of immobilizing biological species along with the life cycle assessment of biosensors for various biosensing applications, and their cost analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak G. Prajapati
- Nano Texturing LaboratoryDepartment of Metallurgical and Materials EngineeringDefence Institute of Advanced TechnologyMinistry of DefenceGirinagarPune411025India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Nano Texturing LaboratoryDepartment of Metallurgical and Materials EngineeringDefence Institute of Advanced TechnologyMinistry of DefenceGirinagarPune411025India
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Jo H, Her J, Lee H, Shim YB, Ban C. Highly sensitive amperometric detection of cardiac troponin I using sandwich aptamers and screen-printed carbon electrodes. Talanta 2016; 165:442-448. [PMID: 28153281 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.12.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a sandwich aptamer-based screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) using chronoamperometry for the detection of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), one of the promising biomarkers for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Disposable three-electrode SPCEs were manufactured using a screen printer, and various modifications such as electrodeposition of gold nanoparticles and electropolymerization of conductive polymers were performed. From the bare electrode to the aptamer-immobilized SPCE, all processes were monitored and analyzed via various techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The quantification of cTnI was conducted based on amperometric signals from the catalytic reaction between hydrazine and H2O2. The fabricated aptasensor in a buffer, as well as in a serum-added solution, exhibited great analytical performance with a dynamic range of 1-100 pM (0.024-2.4ng/mL) and a detection limit of 1.0 pM (24pg/mL), which is lower than the existing cutoff values (40-700pg/mL). Furthermore, the developed sensor showed high sensitivity to cTnI over other proteins. It is anticipated that this potable SPCE aptasensor for cTnI will become an innovative diagnostic tool for AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunho Jo
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77, Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, South Korea.
| | - Jin Her
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77, Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, South Korea.
| | - Heehyun Lee
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77, Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, South Korea.
| | - Yoon-Bo Shim
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Keumjeong-Ku, Busan 609-735, South Korea.
| | - Changill Ban
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77, Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, South Korea.
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Chandra S, Gäbler C, Schliebe C, Lang H, Bahadur D. Fabrication of a label-free electrochemical immunosensor using a redox active ferrocenyl dendrimer. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00830e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An amperometric immunosensor based on a redox active ferrocenyl end-grafted PAMAM dendrimer provides highly sensitive detection of immunoglobulin, down to 2 ng mL−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Chandra
- Department of Chemistry
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science
- NMIMS University
- Vile Parle (West) Mumbai-400056
- India
| | - Christian Gäbler
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry
- 09107 Chemnitz
| | - Christian Schliebe
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry
- 09107 Chemnitz
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry
- 09107 Chemnitz
| | - Dhirendra Bahadur
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Material Science
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
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Bhattacharya S, Sasmal M. Immobilization of Bovine Serum Albumin Upon Multiwall Carbon Nanotube for High Speed Humidity Sensing Application. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2016; 15:27-33. [DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2015.2511622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Xiang C, Li R, Adhikari B, She Z, Li Y, Kraatz HB. Sensitive electrochemical detection of Salmonella with chitosan-gold nanoparticles composite film. Talanta 2015; 140:122-127. [PMID: 26048833 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detection of Salmonella has been developed based on using high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode. The composite film has been oxidized in NaCl solution and used as a platform for the immobilization of capture antibody (Ab1) for biorecognition. After incubation in Salmonella suspension and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution, a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor has been constructed. The electrochemical signal was obtained and improved by comparing the composite film with chitosan film. The result has shown that the constructed sensor provides a wide linear range from 10 to 10(5) CFU/mL with a low detection limit of 5 CFU/mL (at the ratio of signal to noise, S/N=3:1). Furthermore, the proposed immunosensor has demonstrated good selectivity and reproducibility, which indicates its potential in the clinical diagnosis of Salmonella contaminations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuili Xiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China; Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada M1C 1A4
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada M1C 1A4
| | - Bimalendu Adhikari
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada M1C 1A4
| | - Zhe She
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada M1C 1A4
| | - Yongxin Li
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada M1C 1A4; Department of Sanitary Chemistry, Public Health School, West China Medical Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610044, PR China
| | - Heinz-Bernhard Kraatz
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada M1C 1A4; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 3H6.
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Kim DM, Noh HB, Shim YB. Applications of Conductive Polymers to Electrochemical Sensors and Energy Conversion Electrodes. J ELECTROCHEM SCI TE 2013. [DOI: 10.33961/jecst.2013.4.4.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Kim DM, Noh HB, Shim YB. Applications of Conductive Polymers to Electrochemical Sensors and Energy Conversion Electrodes. J ELECTROCHEM SCI TE 2013. [DOI: 10.5229/jecst.2013.4.4.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Mura S, Greppi G, Marongiu ML, Roggero PP, Ravindranath SP, Mauer LJ, Schibeci N, Perria F, Piccinini M, Innocenzi P, Irudayaraj J. FTIR nanobiosensors for Escherichia coli detection. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 3:485-92. [PMID: 23019542 PMCID: PMC3458592 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.3.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Infections due to enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (Escherichia coli) have a low incidence but can have severe and sometimes fatal health consequences, and thus represent some of the most serious diseases due to the contamination of water and food. New, fast and simple devices that monitor these pathogens are necessary to improve the safety of our food supply chain. In this work we report on mesoporous titania thin-film substrates as sensors to detect E. coli O157:H7. Titania films treated with APTES ((3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane) and GA (glutaraldehyde) were functionalized with specific antibodies and the absorption properties monitored. The film-based biosensors showed a detection limit for E. coli of 1 × 10(2) CFU/mL, constituting a simple and selective method for the effective screening of water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Mura
- Nucleo Ricerca Desertificazione, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Viale Italia 57, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering and Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, 225 S. University Street, West Lafayette, 47907, Indiana
- Lea Nanotech s.r.l. S.P. 55 Porto Conte/Capo Caccia, km 8.400 località Tramariglio, 07041 Alghero (SS), Italy
| | - Gianfranco Greppi
- Nucleo Ricerca Desertificazione, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Viale Italia 57, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Dipartimento di scienze zootecniche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Enrico De Nicola 9, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Marongiu
- Dipartimento di scienze zootecniche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Enrico De Nicola 9, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Roggero
- Nucleo Ricerca Desertificazione, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Viale Italia 57, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Sandeep P Ravindranath
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering and Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, 225 S. University Street, West Lafayette, 47907, Indiana
| | - Lisa J Mauer
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, 47907, Indiana
| | - Nicoletta Schibeci
- Lea Nanotech s.r.l. S.P. 55 Porto Conte/Capo Caccia, km 8.400 località Tramariglio, 07041 Alghero (SS), Italy
| | - Francesco Perria
- Biodiversity s.r.l. S.P. 55 Porto Conte/Capo Caccia, km 8.400 località Tramariglio, 07041 Alghero (SS), Italy
| | - Massimo Piccinini
- Porto conte ricerche, SP 55 Porto Conte/Capo Caccia, km 8.400 località Tramariglio, 07041 Alghero (SS), Italy
| | - Plinio Innocenzi
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Laboratory, D.A.P., CR-INSTM, Università di Sassari, Palazzo Pou Salit, Piazza Duomo 6, 07041 Alghero (SS), Italy
| | - Joseph Irudayaraj
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering and Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, 225 S. University Street, West Lafayette, 47907, Indiana
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Loo AH, Bonanni A, Ambrosi A, Poh HL, Pumera M. Impedimetric immunoglobulin G immunosensor based on chemically modified graphenes. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:921-925. [PMID: 22186761 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr11492e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Immunosensors which display high sensitivity and selectivity are of utmost importance to the biomedical field. Graphene is a material which has immense potential for the fabrication of immunosensors. For the first time, we evaluate the immunosensing capabilities of various graphene surfaces in this work. We propose a simple and label-free electrochemical impedimetric immunosensor for immunoglobulin G (IgG) based on chemically modified graphene (CMG) surfaces such as graphite oxide, graphene oxide, thermally reduced graphene oxide and electrochemically reduced graphene oxide. Disposable electrochemical printed electrodes were first modified with CMG materials before anti-immunoglobulin G (anti-IgG), which is specific to IgG, was immobilized. The principle of detection lies in the changes in impedance spectra of the redox probe after the attachment of IgG to the immobilized anti-IgG. It was found that thermally reduced graphene oxide has the best performance when compared to the other CMG materials. In addition, the optimal concentration of anti-IgG to be deposited onto the modified electrode surface is 10 μg ml(-1) and the linear range of detection of the immunosensor is from 0.3 μg ml(-1) to 7 μg ml(-1). Finally, the fabricated immunosensor also displays selectivity for IgG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Huiling Loo
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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Qi H, Ling C, Huang R, Qiu X, Shangguan L, Gao Q, Zhang C. Functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes with protein by click chemistry as sensing platform for sensitized electrochemical immunoassay. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.12.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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