1
|
Sowa K, Okuda-Shimazaki J, Fukawa E, Sode K. Direct Electron Transfer-Type Oxidoreductases for Biomedical Applications. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2024; 26:357-382. [PMID: 38424090 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-110222-101926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Among the various types of enzyme-based biosensors, sensors utilizing enzymes capable of direct electron transfer (DET) are recognized as the most ideal. However, only a limited number of redox enzymes are capable of DET with electrodes, that is, dehydrogenases harboring a subunit or domain that functions specifically to accept electrons from the redox cofactor of the catalytic site and transfer the electrons to the external electron acceptor. Such subunits or domains act as built-in mediators for electron transfer between enzymes and electrodes; consequently, such enzymes enable direct electron transfer to electrodes and are designated as DET-type enzymes. DET-type enzymes fall into several categories, including redox cofactors of catalytic reactions, built-in mediators for DET with electrodes and by their protein hierarchic structures, DET-type oxidoreductases with oligomeric structures harboring electron transfer subunits, and monomeric DET-type oxidoreductases harboring electron transfer domains. In this review, we cover the science of DET-type oxidoreductases and their biomedical applications. First, we introduce the structural biology and current understanding of DET-type enzyme reactions. Next, we describe recent technological developments based on DET-type enzymes for biomedical applications, such as biosensors and biochemical energy harvesting for self-powered medical devices. Finally, after discussing how to further engineer and create DET-type enzymes, we address the future prospects for DET-type enzymes in biomedical engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keisei Sowa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junko Okuda-Shimazaki
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Kogane, Tokyo, Japan
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA;
| | - Eole Fukawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Sode
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kalita N, Gogoi S, Minteer SD, Goswami P. Advances in Bioelectrode Design for Developing Electrochemical Biosensors. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2023; 3:404-433. [PMID: 38145027 PMCID: PMC10740130 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The critical performance factors such as selectivity, sensitivity, operational and storage stability, and response time of electrochemical biosensors are governed mainly by the function of their key component, the bioelectrode. Suitable design and fabrication strategies of the bioelectrode interface are essential for realizing the requisite performance of the biosensors for their practical utility. A multifaceted attempt to achieve this goal is visible from the vast literature exploring effective strategies for preparing, immobilizing, and stabilizing biorecognition elements on the electrode surface and efficient transduction of biochemical signals into electrical ones (i.e., current, voltage, and impedance) through the bioelectrode interface with the aid of advanced materials and techniques. The commercial success of biosensors in modern society is also increasingly influenced by their size (and hence portability), multiplexing capability, and coupling in the interface of the wireless communication technology, which facilitates quick data transfer and linked decision-making processes in real-time in different areas such as healthcare, agriculture, food, and environmental applications. Therefore, fabrication of the bioelectrode involves careful selection and control of several parameters, including biorecognition elements, electrode materials, shape and size of the electrode, detection principles, and various fabrication strategies, including microscale and printing technologies. This review discusses recent trends in bioelectrode designs and fabrications for developing electrochemical biosensors. The discussions have been delineated into the types of biorecognition elements and their immobilization strategies, signal transduction approaches, commonly used advanced materials for electrode fabrication and techniques for fabricating the bioelectrodes, and device integration with modern electronic communication technology for developing electrochemical biosensors of commercial interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabajyoti Kalita
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Sudarshan Gogoi
- Department
of Chemistry, Sadiya College, Chapakhowa, Assam 786157, India
| | - Shelley D. Minteer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
- Kummer
Institute Center for Resource Sustainability, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| | - Pranab Goswami
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maiti BK. Cross‐talk Between (Hydrogen)Sulfite and Metalloproteins: Impact on Human Health. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104342. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biplab K Maiti
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Sikkim, Ravangla Campus Barfung Block, Ravangla Sub Division South Sikkim 737139 India
- Department of Chemistry Cluster University of Jammu Canal Road Jammu 180001
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bhavadharini B, Kavimughil M, Malini B, Vallath A, Prajapati HK, Sunil CK. Recent Advances in Biosensors for Detection of Chemical Contaminants in Food — a Review. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02213-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
5
|
Schachinger F, Chang H, Scheiblbrandner S, Ludwig R. Amperometric Biosensors Based on Direct Electron Transfer Enzymes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154525. [PMID: 34361678 PMCID: PMC8348568 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The accurate determination of analyte concentrations with selective, fast, and robust methods is the key for process control, product analysis, environmental compliance, and medical applications. Enzyme-based biosensors meet these requirements to a high degree and can be operated with simple, cost efficient, and easy to use devices. This review focuses on enzymes capable of direct electron transfer (DET) to electrodes and also the electrode materials which can enable or enhance the DET type bioelectrocatalysis. It presents amperometric biosensors for the quantification of important medical, technical, and environmental analytes and it carves out the requirements for enzymes and electrode materials in DET-based third generation biosensors. This review critically surveys enzymes and biosensors for which DET has been reported. Single- or multi-cofactor enzymes featuring copper centers, hemes, FAD, FMN, or PQQ as prosthetic groups as well as fusion enzymes are presented. Nanomaterials, nanostructured electrodes, chemical surface modifications, and protein immobilization strategies are reviewed for their ability to support direct electrochemistry of enzymes. The combination of both biosensor elements-enzymes and electrodes-is evaluated by comparison of substrate specificity, current density, sensitivity, and the range of detection.
Collapse
|
6
|
Adeosun WA, Asiri AM, Marwani HM. Fabrication of Conductive Polypyrrole Doped Chitosan Thin Film for Sensitive Detection of Sulfite in Real Food and Biological Samples. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Waheed A. Adeosun
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR)King Abdulaziz University P.O Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz University P.O Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M. Asiri
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR)King Abdulaziz University P.O Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz University P.O Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadi M. Marwani
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR)King Abdulaziz University P.O Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz University P.O Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Design and synthesis of phenothiazine based imidazolium ionic liquid for electrochemical nonenzymatic detection of sulfite in food samples. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
8
|
Tang J, Werchmeister RML, Preda L, Huang W, Zheng Z, Leimkühler S, Wollenberger U, Xiao X, Engelbrekt C, Ulstrup J, Zhang J. Three-Dimensional Sulfite Oxidase Bioanodes Based on Graphene Functionalized Carbon Paper for Sulfite/O2 Biofuel Cells. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Loredana Preda
- Department of Molecular Enzymology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam−Golm, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Zhiyong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Silke Leimkühler
- Department of Molecular Enzymology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam−Golm, Germany
| | - Ulla Wollenberger
- Department of Molecular Enzymology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam−Golm, Germany
| | - Xinxin Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christian Engelbrekt
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jens Ulstrup
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jingdong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ma S, Ludwig R. Direct Electron Transfer of Enzymes Facilitated by Cytochromes. ChemElectroChem 2019; 6:958-975. [PMID: 31008015 PMCID: PMC6472588 DOI: 10.1002/celc.201801256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The direct electron transfer (DET) of enzymes has been utilized to develop biosensors and enzymatic biofuel cells on micro- and nanostructured electrodes. Whereas some enzymes exhibit direct electron transfer between their active-site cofactor and an electrode, other oxidoreductases depend on acquired cytochrome domains or cytochrome subunits as built-in redox mediators. The physiological function of these cytochromes is to transfer electrons between the active-site cofactor and a redox partner protein. The exchange of the natural electron acceptor/donor by an electrode has been demonstrated for several cytochrome carrying oxidoreductases. These multi-cofactor enzymes have been applied in third generation biosensors to detect glucose, lactate, and other analytes. This review investigates and classifies oxidoreductases with a cytochrome domain, enzyme complexes with a cytochrome subunit, and covers designed cytochrome fusion enzymes. The structurally and electrochemically best characterized proponents from each enzyme class carrying a cytochrome, that is, flavoenzymes, quinoenzymes, molybdenum-cofactor enzymes, iron-sulfur cluster enzymes, and multi-haem enzymes, are featured, and their biochemical, kinetic, and electrochemical properties are compared. The cytochromes molecular and functional properties as well as their contribution to the interdomain electron transfer (IET, between active-site and cytochrome) and DET (between cytochrome and electrode) with regard to the achieved current density is discussed. Protein design strategies for cytochrome-fused enzymes are reviewed and the limiting factors as well as strategies to overcome them are outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Ma
- Biocatalysis and Biosensing Laboratory Department of Food Science and TechnologyBOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
| | - Roland Ludwig
- Biocatalysis and Biosensing Laboratory Department of Food Science and TechnologyBOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kalimuthu P, Belaidi AA, Schwarz G, Bernhardt PV. Chitosan-Promoted Direct Electrochemistry of Human Sulfite Oxidase. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:9149-9159. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b06712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Palraj Kalimuthu
- School
of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Abdel A. Belaidi
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, Cologne University, Zülicher Strasse 47, 50674 Köln, Germany
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Guenter Schwarz
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, Cologne University, Zülicher Strasse 47, 50674 Köln, Germany
| | - Paul V. Bernhardt
- School
of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zeng T, Leimkühler S, Wollenberger U, Fourmond V. Transient Catalytic Voltammetry of Sulfite Oxidase Reveals Rate Limiting Conformational Changes. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:11559-11567. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zeng
- Institute of Biochemistry
and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str.24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Silke Leimkühler
- Institute of Biochemistry
and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str.24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Ulla Wollenberger
- Institute of Biochemistry
and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str.24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Vincent Fourmond
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, 31 chemin J. Aiguier, F-13402 Marseille cedex 20, France
| |
Collapse
|