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Wang T, Zhang W, Li T, Xia Q, Yang S, Weng J, Chen K, Chen W, Liu M, Du S, Zhang X, Song Y. Electrochromic Smart Window Based on Transition-Metal Phthalocyanine Derivatives. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:3181-3190. [PMID: 38294826 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Phthalocyanines have been widely investigated as electrochromic materials because of their large conjugated structure. However, they have shown limited applicability due to their complex electrochromism mechanism and low solubility in common organic solvents. Replacement of central metal ions in phthalocyanines affects their stability and is responsible for various electrochromic phenomena, such as color change. Herein, the relationship between the electron d-orbital arrangement in the outermost layer of transition metals and the electrochromic stability of phthalocyanine derivatives has been investigated. An enhanced solubility of phthalocyanines in organic solvents was obtained through the introduction of quaternary tert-butyl substitution. Electrochromic devices fabricated with transition-metal phthalocyanine derivatives showed high response speeds and good stability. The fast color-switching feature between blue/green and blue/purple makes it a promising candidate for smart windows and adaptive camouflage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taolve Wang
- College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Hui Cheng District, Huizhou, Guangdong 516007, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Zhongchuangyi Road, Hangzhou Bay District, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315336, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Zhongchuangyi Road, Hangzhou Bay District, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315336, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Tianhao Li
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Zhongchuangyi Road, Hangzhou Bay District, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315336, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 100872, China
| | - Suting Yang
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Hui Cheng District, Huizhou, Guangdong 516007, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Zhongchuangyi Road, Hangzhou Bay District, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315336, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jianquan Weng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Zhongchuangyi Road, Hangzhou Bay District, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315336, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Wangqiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Nan Gang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shiyu Du
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 100872, China
| | - Yujie Song
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Hui Cheng District, Huizhou, Guangdong 516007, China
- Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH, Zhongchuangyi Road, Hangzhou Bay District, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315336, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
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Liu H, Liang X, Jiang T, Zhang Y, Liu S, Wang X, Fan X, Huai X, Fu Y, Geng Z, Zhang D. High-performance self-doped V4+-V2O5 ion storage films grown in situ using a novel hydrothermal-assisted sol-gel composite method. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Yildirim MO, Gok EC, Hemasiri NH, Eren E, Kazim S, Oksuz AU, Ahmad S. A Machine Learning Approach for Metal Oxide Based Polymer Composites as Charge Selective Layers in Perovskite Solar Cells. Chempluschem 2021; 86:785-793. [PMID: 34004032 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A library of metal oxide-conjugated polymer composites was prepared, encompassing WO3 -polyaniline (PANI), WO3 -poly(N-methylaniline) (PMANI), WO3 -poly(2-fluoroaniline) (PFANI), WO3 -polythiophene (PTh), WO3 -polyfuran (PFu) and WO3 -poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) which were used as hole selective layers for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) fabrication. We adopted machine learning approaches to predict and compare PSCs performances with the developed WO3 and its composites. For the evaluation of PSCs performance, a decision tree model that returns 0.9656 R2 score is ideal for the WO3 -PEDOT composite, while a random forest model was found to be suitable for WO3 -PMANI, WO3 -PFANI, and WO3 -PFu with R2 scores of 0.9976, 0.9968, and 0.9772 respectively. In the case of WO3 , WO3 -PANI, and WO3 -PTh, a K-Nearest Neighbors model was found suitable with R2 scores of 0.9975, 0.9916, and 0.9969 respectively. Machine learning can be a pioneering prediction model for the PSCs performance and its validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Onur Yildirim
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Elif Ceren Gok
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Naveen Harindu Hemasiri
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | - Esin Eren
- Department of Energy Technologies, Innovative Technologies, Application and Research Center, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Samrana Kazim
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940, Leioa, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Aysegul Uygun Oksuz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Shahzada Ahmad
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940, Leioa, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009, Bilbao, Spain
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Gok EC, Yildirim MO, Eren E, Oksuz AU. Comparison of Machine Learning Models on Performance of Single- and Dual-Type Electrochromic Devices. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:23257-23267. [PMID: 32954176 PMCID: PMC7495761 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This study shows that the model fitting based on machine learning (ML) from experimental data can successfully predict the electrochromic characteristics of single- and dual-type flexible electrochromic devices (ECDs) by using tungsten trioxide (WO3) and WO3/vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), respectively. Seven different regression methods were used for experimental observations, which belong to single and dual ECDs where 80% percent was used as training data and the remaining was taken as testing data. Among the seven different regression methods, K-nearest neighbor (KNN) achieves the best results with higher coefficient of determination (R 2) score and lower root-mean-squared error (RMSE) for the bleaching state of ECDs. Furthermore, higher R 2 score and lower RMSE for the coloration state of ECDs were achieved with Gaussian process regressor. The robustness result of the ML modeling demonstrates the reliability of prediction outcomes. These results can be proposed as promising models for different energy-saving flexible electronic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Ceren Gok
- Department
of Industrial Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey
| | - Murat Onur Yildirim
- Department
of Industrial Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey
| | - Esin Eren
- Department
of Energy Technologies, Innovative Technologies Application and Research
Center, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Uygun Oksuz
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey
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Chen PW, Chang CT, Ko TF, Hsu SC, Li KD, Wu JY. Fast response of complementary electrochromic device based on WO 3/NiO electrodes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8430. [PMID: 32439890 PMCID: PMC7242463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65191-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoporous structures have proven as an effective way for enhanced electrochromic performance by providing a large surface area can get fast ion/electron transfer path, leading to larger optical modulation and fast response time. Herein, for the first time, application of vacuum cathodic arc plasma (CAP) deposition technology to the synthesis of WO3/NiO electrode films on ITO glass for use in fabricating complementary electrochromic devices (ECDs) with a ITO/WO3/LiClO4-Perchlorate solution/NiO/ITO structure. Our objective was to optimize electrochromic performance through the creation of electrodes with a nanoporous structure. We also examined the influence of WO3 film thickness on the electrochemical and optical characteristics in terms of surface charge capacity and diffusion coefficients. The resulting 200-nm-thick WO3 films achieved ion diffusion coefficients of (7.35 × 10-10 (oxidation) and 4.92 × 10-10 cm2/s (reduction)). The complementary charge capacity ratio of WO3 (200 nm thickness)/NiO (60 nm thickness) has impressive reversibility of 98%. A demonstration ECD device (3 × 4 cm2) achieved optical modulation (ΔT) of 46% and switching times of 3.1 sec (coloration) and 4.6 sec (bleaching) at a wavelength of 633 nm. In terms of durability, the proposed ECD achieved ΔT of 43% after 2500 cycles; i.e., 93% of the initial device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Wen Chen
- Division of Physics, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan County, 32546, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Te Chang
- Division of Physics, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan County, 32546, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Fu Ko
- Division of Physics, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan County, 32546, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chuan Hsu
- Division of Physics, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan County, 32546, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Ding Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Yu Wu
- Division of Physics, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan County, 32546, Taiwan
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Manivannan S, Kim H, Viswanathan P, Yim T, Kim K. Spectroelectrochemical Studies on Silicate Sol‐Gel Matrix‐supported Sub‐10 nm Prussian Blue Nanostructures‐based Electrochromic Device. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202000054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugam Manivannan
- Electrochemistry Laboratory for Sensors & Energy (ELSE)Department of ChemistryIncheon National University Incheon 22012 Republic of Korea
| | - Haeun Kim
- Electrochemistry Laboratory for Sensors & Energy (ELSE)Department of ChemistryIncheon National University Incheon 22012 Republic of Korea
| | - Perumal Viswanathan
- Nanomaterials and Nanoscience LabDepartment of ChemistryIncheon National University Incheon 22012 Republic of Korea
| | - Taeeun Yim
- Energy Conversion & Storage Laboratory (ECSLaB), Department of ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryIncheon National University Incheon 22012 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuwon Kim
- Electrochemistry Laboratory for Sensors & Energy (ELSE)Department of ChemistryIncheon National University Incheon 22012 Republic of Korea
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A practical approach for generation of WO3-based flexible electrochromic devices. J Solid State Electrochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-020-04588-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rozman M, Žener B, Matoh L, Godec RF, Mourtzikou A, Stathatos E, Bren U, Lukšič M. Flexible electrochromic tape using steel foil with WO3 thin film. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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