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Adu DK, Nate Z, Alake J, Ike BW, Mahlalela MC, Mohite SB, Mokoena S, Chauhan R, Karpoormath R. Rapid and label-free A2 peptide epitope decorated CoFe 2O 4-C60 nanocomposite-based electrochemical immunosensor for detecting Visceral Leishmaniasis. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 157:108662. [PMID: 38342074 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis is challenging due to the shared clinical features with malaria, typhoid, and tuberculosis. A CoFe2O4-C60 nanocomposite-based immunosensor decorated with a sensitive A2 peptide antigen was fabricated to detect anti-A2 antibodies for application in visceral leishmaniasis diagnosis. The flame-synthesised nanocomposite was characterised using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. N terminated specific A2 peptide epitope antigen (NH2-QSVGPLSVGP-OH) was synthesised and characterised by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS). Using EDC/NHS, A2 peptide antigen (Apg) was immobilised on the CoFe2O4-C60-modified electrode. The performance of the immunosensor, Apg-CoFe2O4-C60NP/GCE, was evaluated by testing its ability to detect varying concentrations of anti-A2 antibody solution in PBS and spiked serum with 1 mM [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- in 0.01 M PBS (pH 7.4) as supporting electrolyte. using differential pulse voltammetry. The immunosensor showed excellent reproducibility and a linear range of 10-10-10-1 µg/mL, with an experimental detection limit of 30.34 fg/mL. These results suggest that the fabricated sensor has great potential as a tool for diagnosing visceral leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darko Kwabena Adu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Zondi Nate
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7530, South Africa
| | - John Alake
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Blessing Wisdom Ike
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Mavela Cleopus Mahlalela
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Sachin Balaso Mohite
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Sithabile Mokoena
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Ruchika Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa.
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Ganesh PS, Dhand V, Kim SY, Kim S. Design and synthesis of active site rich cobalt tin sulfide nano cubes: An effective electrochemical sensing interface to monitor environmentally hazardous phenolic isomers. Microchem J 2024; 200:110308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2024.110308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
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Nate Z, Gill AA, Chauhan R, Karpoormath R. A review on recent progress in electrochemical detection of antimalarial drugs. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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