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Chang Y, Liu G, Li S, Liu L, Song Q. Biorecognition element-free electrochemical detection of recombinant glycoproteins using metal-organic frameworks as signal tags. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1273:341540. [PMID: 37423655 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Accurate and sensitive determination of recombinant glycoproteins is in great demand for the treatment of anemia-induced chronic kidney disease and the illegal use of doping agents in sports. In this study, an antibody and enzyme-free electrochemical method for the detection of recombinant glycoproteins was proposed via the sequential chemical recognition of hexahistidine (His6) tag and glycan residue on the target protein under the cooperation interaction of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA)-Ni2+complex and boronic acid, respectively. Specifically, NTA-Ni2+ complex-modified magnetic beads (MBs-NTA-Ni2+) are employed to selectively capture the recombinant glycoprotein through the coordination interaction between His6 tag and NTA-Ni2+ complex. Then, boronic acid-modified Cu-based metal-organic frameworks (Cu-MOFs) were recruited by glycans on the glycoprotein via the formation of reversible boronate ester bonds. MOFs with abundant Cu2+ ions acted as efficient electroactive labels to directly produce amplified electrochemical signals. By using recombinant human erythropoietin as a model analyte, this method showed a wide linear detection range from 0.01 to 50 ng/mL and a low detection limit of 5.3 pg/mL. With the benefits from the simple operation and low cost, the stepwise chemical recognition-based method shows great promise in the determination of recombinant glycoproteins in the fields of biopharmaceutical research, anti-doping analysis and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qijun Song
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Mai TD, Oukacine F, Taverna M. Multiple capillary isotachophoresis with repetitive hydrodynamic injections for performance improvement of the electromigration preconcentration. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1453:116-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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3
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Tamizi E, Jouyban A. The potential of the capillary electrophoresis techniques for quality control of biopharmaceuticals-A review. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:831-58. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Tamizi
- Biotechnology Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Abolghasem Jouyban
- Pharmacy Faculty and Drug Applied Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
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4
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Liu B, Ivory CF. Isotachophoresis with counterflow in an open capillary: Computer simulation and experimental validation. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:1986-95. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingwen Liu
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering; Washington State University; Pullman; WA; USA
| | - Cornelius F. Ivory
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering; Washington State University; Pullman; WA; USA
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5
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Breadmore MC. Electroosmotic flow-balanced isotachophoretic stacking with continuous electrokinetic injection for the concentration of anions in high conductivity samples. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:3900-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Revised: 03/30/2010] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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6
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Breadmore MC, Quirino JP. 100 000-Fold Concentration of Anions in Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Using Electroosmotic Flow Controlled Counterflow Isotachophoretic Stacking under Field Amplified Conditions. Anal Chem 2008; 80:6373-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ac8007835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Breadmore
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, G.P.O. Box 252-75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Joselito P. Quirino
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, G.P.O. Box 252-75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
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7
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Breadmore MC. Unlimited-volume stacking of ions in capillary electrophoresis. Part 1: Stationary isotachophoretic stacking of anions. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:1082-91. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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Astorga-Wells J, Jörnvall H, Bergman T. A Microfluidic Electrocapture Device in Sample Preparation for Protein Analysis by MALDI Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2003; 75:5213-9. [PMID: 14708797 DOI: 10.1021/ac0300901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The design and operation of a microfluidic device for sample preparation in MALDI mass spectrometry of peptides and proteins is described. It is particularly useful for proteomics applications and for mass determination of proteins in salt- and detergent-containing solutions. The system consists of a flow channel with two conductive areas or electrical junctions where proteins and peptides are retained by means of an electric field. The microfluidic device is made of PEEK tubing, and the junctions are covered with a conductive polymeric membrane. A syringe pump connected to the device produces a flow stream, and injection of sample is carried out manually via hydrodynamic pressure. Proteolytic peptides and intact proteins in salt- and detergent-containing acidic media were captured at the cathode junction followed by exchange of the original solution to a solvent suitable for subsequent mass spectrometry. Using this principle, a significant desalting effect was obtained for tryptic peptides in mass-mapping experiments. Protein sequence coverages were high (up to 40%) at subpicomole levels with results better than those obtained using reversed-phase solid-phase extraction. In contrast to the latter technique, the microfluidic device has the capacity to efficiently remove detergents such as CHAPS before peptide mapping and protein analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Astorga-Wells
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Chemistry I, Karolinska Institutet, SE- 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Astorga-Wells J, Swerdlow H. Fluidic Preconcentrator Device for Capillary Electrophoresis of Proteins. Anal Chem 2003; 75:5207-12. [PMID: 14708796 DOI: 10.1021/ac0300892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new preconcentration device was developed for analysis of proteins by capillary electrophoresis (CE). The microfluidic device uses an electric field to capture proteins that pass through the system. The capture zone is maintained in the flow stream by the interaction between hydrodynamic and electrical forces. The device consists of a flow channel made of PEEK tubing with two electrical junctions, each of which is covered with a conductive membrane. A syringe pump provides the flow stream and also allows the injection of up to 13.5 microL of a dilute sample. The system can be easily connected to a CE device postcapture for off-line preconcentration of proteins. For the proteins used in this study, preconcentration factors up to 40-fold can be achieved. CE detection limits for bovine carbonic anhydrase, alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulins A and B were in the nanomolar range using UV detection at 200 nm. Preconcentration is dependent on both time and initial protein concentration. We show the possibility of using an off-line fluidic preconcentrator device employing counterflow capillary electrophoresis with minimum sample manipulation, achieving detection limits similar to on-line approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Astorga-Wells
- Center for Genomics Research, Karolinska Institutet, SE- 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Wang SJ, Tseng WL, Lin YW, Chang HT. On-line concentration of trace proteins by pH junctions in capillary electrophoresis with UV absorption detection. J Chromatogr A 2002; 979:261-70. [PMID: 12498257 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(02)01439-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We report an on-line concentration approach based on pH junctions for the analysis of trace proteins under acidic conditions by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with UV absorption detection. Stacking is due to decreases in the electrophoretic mobilities of proteins when migrating from the sample zone to a relatively high-pH buffer filled in the capillary. Acidic buffers prepared from tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (co-ions) and propanoic acid were suitable. With respect to speed, resolution, and stacking efficiency, it is appropriate to conduct the analysis of proteins under discontinuous conditions: pH 3.8 (inside the capillary), 2.8 (protein samples), and 3.3 (anodic reservoir). To minimize protein adsorption on the capillary wall, capillaries dynamically coated with single, double, and triple layers of polymers have been made and tested. Capillaries dynamically coated with three layers of neutral, cationic and neutral polymers in sequence were used to separate four proteins with good reproducibility. When using a 60-cm capillary, the peak height increased linearly with the injection volume up to 1.42-microl and peak profiles were sharp, indicating stacking of proteins. As a result, the limits of detection for lysozyme, myoglobin, carbonic anhydrase, and alpha-lactalbumin were 1.9, 3.2, 11.3 and 6.5 nM, respectively. Furthermore, this method has been applied to the analysis of about 1.31 and 0.66 microl of 5.00 and 0.20 microM peptic and tryptic digests of beta-casein, with results of detecting 26 and 12 peaks in 21 and 14 min, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Ji Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
This article is a continuation of previous reviews and summarizes the progress of analytical capillary isotachophoresis in the years 1997-1999. Papers reviewed include theoretical and methodological aspects as well as analytical applications. Included are also papers using isotachophoresis and/or isotachophoretic principles as part of multidimensional separation schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gebauer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE)-related techniques are increasingly being used as a matter of routine practice in the biotechnology discipline. Since recombinant DNA-derived proteins and the antisense oligonucleotides constitute a large portion of the applications of these techniques, they have been emphasized in this review. Analyses by CE of Escherichia coli-derived proteins and glycosylated proteins derived from mammalian cell cultures are summarized, as well as those of the carbohydrate chains that have been enzymatically removed from the protein. Applications of CE in the analysis of the antisense oligonucleotides for the determination of purity and the analytical studies on the metabolism of these modified oligonucleotides, by CE are reviewed. The literature mainly covers the period from 1996.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Lagu
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Co., Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA.
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Abstract
This review article with 125 references describes recent developments in capillary zone electrophoresis of proteins. It encompasses approximately the last two years, from the previous review (V. Dolník, Electrophoresis 1997, 18, 2353-2361) through Spring 1999. Topics covered include modeling of the electrophoretic properties of proteins, sample preconcentration and derivatization, wall coatings, improving selectivity, special detection techniques, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Dolník
- Molecular Dynamics, Sunnyvale, CA 94086, USA.
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Gysler J, Mazereeuw M, Helk B, Heitzmann M, Jaehde U, Schunack W, Tjaden UR, van der Greef J. Utility of isotachophoresis-capillary zone electrophoresis, mass spectrometry and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography for monitoring of interleukin-6 dimer formation. J Chromatogr A 1999; 841:63-73. [PMID: 10360328 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)00257-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The utility of isotachophoresis-capillary zone electrophoresis (ITP-CZE) and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) was investigated for determination of dimeric and monomeric recombinant human interleukin-6 (rhIL-6). Using ITP-CZE heterogeneity of dimeric rhIL-6 could be revealed resolving two peaks in the electropherograms, while with HPSEC dimeric rhIL-6 eluted as one homogeneous fraction. Both protein forms were monitored during incubation of monomeric rhIL-6 at different pH and temperature. The selectivity of counterflow ITP-CZE in conjunction with the low concentration determination limits enabled reanalysis of HPSEC fractions for identification of the dimer in the electropherograms. Both ITP-CZE and HPSEC were shown to be suitable to monitor the dimerization of rhIL-6, similar monomer-to-dimer peak area ratios were obtained throughout the incubation. Dimer formation kinetics increased with decreasing pH and with increasing temperature, it was entirely suppressed at neutral pH and room temperature. In contrast to HPSEC, ITP-CZE enabled separation of further still unidentified artifacts apparently formed during incubation of rhIL-6. CZE analysis in conjunction with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry revealed the non-covalent binding character of the dimeric rhIL-6 complex and facilitated interpretation of the electropherograms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gysler
- Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Division of Analytical Chemistry, The Netherlands.
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Gysler J, Schunack W, Jaehde U. Monitoring of chemotherapy-induced proteinuria using capillary zone electrophoresis. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1999; 721:207-16. [PMID: 10052693 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(98)00489-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) was investigated for its suitability to monitor proteinuria occurring during nephrotoxic drug therapy. Urine samples of tumor patients receiving chemotherapy consisting of carboplatin, etoposide, and ifosfamide were concentrated and desalted in microconcentrators and analyzed in two different alkaline CZE buffer systems. Reduction of electroosmotic flow (EOF) by the addition of putrescine increased the number of resolved protein peaks. Both CZE methods were linear between 2.5 and 50 microg/ml, exhibited satisfactory precision (relative standard deviation <10%) and were suitable for monitor the time course of proteinuria after chemotherapy administration. In contrast to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), CZE detected interindividual differences in protein patterns. Whereas these differences hampered a direct quantification of proteins in urine, they may contain information on the type or extent of kidney damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gysler
- Institute for Pharmacy I, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
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