1
|
Kis J, Rózsa L, Husvéth F, Mezőszentgyörgyi D, Kovács S, Bakos Z, Zsolnai A, Anton I. Association of myostatin gene polymorphism with echocardiographic and muscular ultrasonographic measurements in Hungarian thoroughbreds horses. Res Vet Sci 2023; 160:45-49. [PMID: 37267767 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The g.66493737C/T polymorphism of the myostatin gene (MSTN) majorly influences muscle fiber composition and best race distance of Thoroughbreds. Thus, a better understanding of this process may lead to superior genetic exploitation for maximizing Thoroughbred athletic potential. Our objective is to investigate whether myostatin genotypes are associated with muscular development and cardiac variables of Thoroughbreds. Echocardiography and muscular ultrasonography were performed on three groups having C/C, C/T, and T/T genotypes, respectively. Each group consisted of 22 animals. Homogeneity of variance between the groups was checked by Levene's test. Multivariate analysis of variance was applied to determine differences in measured variables vs. MSTN genotypes. Fascicle length of anconeus and thickness of triceps brachii muscles showed significant differences between C/C and T/T genotypes (pFascicle-length-of-anconeus = 0.004, pthickness-of-triceps-brachii < 0.001). According to the primary outcome, there are associations between myostatin genotypes and cardiac variables. Aortic diameter at the sinus of Valsalva (end-diastole and end-systole) and aortic diameter at the valve (end-systole) indicated significant differences between C/C and T/T genotypes (paortic-diameter-at-the-sinus-of-Valsalva-end-diastole = 0.015, paortic-diameter-at-the-sinus-of-Valsalva-end-systole = 0.011, paortic-diameter-at-the-valve-end-systole = 0.014). Pearson correlation effect sizes were rFascicle-length-of-anconeus = 0.460, rthickness-of-triceps-brachii = 0.590, raortic-diameter-at-the-sinus-of-Valsalva-end-diastole = 0.423, raortic-diameter-at-the-sinus-of-Valsalva-end-systole = 0.450, and raortic-diameter-at-the-valve-end-systole = 0.462. C/C genotypes gave 22.1, 12.2, 6.3, 6.0, and 6.7% higher values compared to T/T genotypes, respectively. Differences regarding aortic diameter between genotype groups support the hypothesis that C/C animals have consequently increased cardiac output and aerobic capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judit Kis
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Herceghalom, Hungary
| | - László Rózsa
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Keszthely, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Husvéth
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Keszthely, Hungary
| | | | - Szilvia Kovács
- University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Üllő, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Bakos
- University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Üllő, Hungary
| | - Attila Zsolnai
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Herceghalom, Hungary.
| | - István Anton
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Herceghalom, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Genetic position of Hungarian Grey among European cattle and identification of breed-specific markers. Animal 2020; 14:1786-1792. [PMID: 32248869 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731120000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hungarian Grey is an indigenous cattle breed that is one of the national symbols of Hungary. However, genetic description of the Hungarian Grey cattle has not yet been conducted based on whole-genome screening. Using the GeneSeek high-density Bovine SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) 150 K BeadChip, we sampled the genome of 36 Hungarian Grey, 12 Maremmana, 13 Hungarian Fleckvieh and 5 Holstein-Friesian cattle for population studies and used data of 139 other cattle from an additional dataset created on European cattle breeds (Upadhyay et al.2017. Heredity 118, 169-176). The performance of a multidimensional scaling plot showed that Hungarian Grey clustered independently from other European cattle. The number and total length of runs of homozygosity (ROH) is similar or slightly below the value of other European cattle; FROH coefficients (proportion of the autosomal genome covered by ROH) are similar to Maremmana and Maronesa. The frequency of ROH does not show increased values as it can be noticed in Heck and Maltese. These results indicate that the Hungarian Grey cattle have been successfully maintained avoiding negative genetic effects, and reflect the uniqueness among European cattle. The identification of breed-specific loci has been aimed at differentiating Hungarian Grey (n = 136 in this case) from other cattle breeds (n = 169). Ten loci (-log10P > 5) were identified as markers capable for differentiation of Hungarian Grey. These markers are located on chromosomes 6, 14, 15, 16, 20 and 24.
Collapse
|
3
|
Migliore S, Bivona M, Gagliostro E, Buttitta O, Lo Mascolo F, Macrì D. Large-scale PRNP genotyping of small ruminants using an automated high-throughput MALDI-TOF MS assay. J Vet Diagn Invest 2019; 31:629-633. [PMID: 31238800 PMCID: PMC6857025 DOI: 10.1177/1040638719859043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Scrapie resistance or susceptibility in sheep is associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at codons 136, 154, and 171 of the prion protein gene (PRNP). In addition, phenylalanine mutation at codon 141 has been recognized as a risk factor for atypical scrapie. In contrast, K222, D146, and S146 alleles confer genetic resistance to classical scrapie in goats. High-throughput genotyping technologies would provide significant benefits in scrapie eradication plans. The ability to resolve oligonucleotides varying in mass by less than a single nucleotide makes MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) a suitable platform for PRNP genotyping. We evaluated the commercial Myriapod scrapie kit (Diatech Pharmacogenetics), associated with a highly automated processing platform incorporating MALDI-TOF MS technology, to detect SNPs at codons 136, 154, 171, 141, and 222 of small ruminant PRNP. The Myriapod scrapie kit was accredited according to UNI CEI EN ISO/IEC 17025. We present the genotyping results of 10,960 sheep in Sicily and 1,822 goats in Sicily and Calabria (southern Italy) tested during 2017. We found a high frequency (43.9%) of the protective ARR allele in sheep and a promising 12.3% of the resistant K222 variant in goats. This efficient and high-throughput method is suitable for extensive PRNP genotyping, as requested in the European scrapie eradication plan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Migliore
- Sergio Migliore, Istituto
Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Sicily, Laboratory of Transmissible Spongiform
Encephalopathies, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Bivona
- Laboratory of Transmissible Spongiform
Encephalopathies, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Sicily, Palermo,
Italy (Migliore, Bivona, Buttitta, Lo Mascolo, Macrì)
- Diatech Pharmacogenetics, Jesi, Ancona, Italy
(Gagliostro)
| | - Enrico Gagliostro
- Laboratory of Transmissible Spongiform
Encephalopathies, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Sicily, Palermo,
Italy (Migliore, Bivona, Buttitta, Lo Mascolo, Macrì)
- Diatech Pharmacogenetics, Jesi, Ancona, Italy
(Gagliostro)
| | - Onofrio Buttitta
- Laboratory of Transmissible Spongiform
Encephalopathies, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Sicily, Palermo,
Italy (Migliore, Bivona, Buttitta, Lo Mascolo, Macrì)
- Diatech Pharmacogenetics, Jesi, Ancona, Italy
(Gagliostro)
| | - Francesca Lo Mascolo
- Laboratory of Transmissible Spongiform
Encephalopathies, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Sicily, Palermo,
Italy (Migliore, Bivona, Buttitta, Lo Mascolo, Macrì)
- Diatech Pharmacogenetics, Jesi, Ancona, Italy
(Gagliostro)
| | - Daniele Macrì
- Laboratory of Transmissible Spongiform
Encephalopathies, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Sicily, Palermo,
Italy (Migliore, Bivona, Buttitta, Lo Mascolo, Macrì)
- Diatech Pharmacogenetics, Jesi, Ancona, Italy
(Gagliostro)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sobrova P, Blazkova I, Chomoucka J, Drbohlavova J, Vaculovicova M, Kopel P, Hubalek J, Kizek R, Adam V. Quantum dots and prion proteins: is this a new challenge for neurodegenerative diseases imaging? Prion 2013; 7:349-58. [PMID: 24055838 PMCID: PMC4134339 DOI: 10.4161/pri.26524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A diagnostics of infectious diseases can be done by the immunologic methods or by the amplification of nucleic acid specific to contagious agent using polymerase chain reaction. However, in transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, the infectious agent, prion protein (PrP(Sc)), has the same sequence of nucleic acids as a naturally occurring protein. The other issue with the diagnosing based on the PrP(Sc) detection is that the pathological form of prion protein is abundant only at late stages of the disease in a brain. Therefore, the diagnostics of prion protein caused diseases represent a sort of challenges as that hosts can incubate infectious prion proteins for many months or even years. Therefore, new in vivo assays for detection of prion proteins and for diagnosis of their relation to neurodegenerative diseases are summarized. Their applicability and future prospects in this field are discussed with particular aim at using quantum dots as fluorescent labels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavlina Sobrova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Faculty of Agronomy; Mendel University in Brno; Brno, Czech Republic EU
- Central European Institute of Technology; Brno University of Technology; Brno, Czech Republic EU
| | - Iva Blazkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Faculty of Agronomy; Mendel University in Brno; Brno, Czech Republic EU
| | - Jana Chomoucka
- Central European Institute of Technology; Brno University of Technology; Brno, Czech Republic EU
| | - Jana Drbohlavova
- Central European Institute of Technology; Brno University of Technology; Brno, Czech Republic EU
| | - Marketa Vaculovicova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Faculty of Agronomy; Mendel University in Brno; Brno, Czech Republic EU
- Central European Institute of Technology; Brno University of Technology; Brno, Czech Republic EU
| | - Pavel Kopel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Faculty of Agronomy; Mendel University in Brno; Brno, Czech Republic EU
- Central European Institute of Technology; Brno University of Technology; Brno, Czech Republic EU
| | - Jaromir Hubalek
- Central European Institute of Technology; Brno University of Technology; Brno, Czech Republic EU
| | - Rene Kizek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Faculty of Agronomy; Mendel University in Brno; Brno, Czech Republic EU
- Central European Institute of Technology; Brno University of Technology; Brno, Czech Republic EU
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Faculty of Agronomy; Mendel University in Brno; Brno, Czech Republic EU
- Central European Institute of Technology; Brno University of Technology; Brno, Czech Republic EU
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sobrova P, Ryvolova M, Adam V, Kizek R. Capillary electromigration based techniques in diagnostics of prion protein caused diseases. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:3644-52. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 06/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
6
|
Lühken G. Genetic testing for phenotype-causing variants in sheep and goats. Mol Cell Probes 2012; 26:231-7. [PMID: 22554501 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2012.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This review gives an overview on ovine and caprine defects/disorders, disease predispositions, production traits and coat colours for which causal gene variants are known. Most phenotypes are inherited autosomal-recessive or dominant and in the majority are caused by single nucleotide substitutions or deletions. Causative sequence variants mainly were identified by sequencing candidate genes in the past, and recently also by whole genome analysis using the ovine 50k SNP chip. While PCR-fragment length polymorphism analyses were developed for the majority of causative sequence variants, other low- to medium-throughput PCR-based methods as PCR-single strand conformation analysis and allele-specific PCR were also established frequently. For processing large sample numbers, high-throughput methods as MALDI-ToF MS or real-time PCR are available for some gene variants. Further progress in development of ovine and caprine genome sequences and SNP chips will be beneficial for the discovery of additional causative variants in these two species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gesine Lühken
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Ludwigstrasse 21B, 35390 Giessen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Anton I, Kovács K, Holló G, Farkas V, Lehel L, Hajda Z, Zsolnai A. Effect of leptin, DGAT1 and TG gene polymorphisms on the intramuscular fat of Angus cattle in Hungary. Livest Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2010.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
8
|
Heaton MP, Leymaster KA, Kalbfleisch TS, Freking BA, Smith TPL, Clawson ML, Laegreid WW. Ovine reference materials and assays for prion genetic testing. BMC Vet Res 2010; 6:23. [PMID: 20433741 PMCID: PMC2876147 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-6-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 04/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic predisposition to scrapie in sheep is associated with several variations in the peptide sequence of the prion protein gene (PRNP). DNA-based tests for scoring PRNP codons are essential tools for eradicating scrapie and for evaluating rare alleles for increased resistance to disease. In addition to those associated with scrapie, there are dozens more PRNP polymorphisms that may occur in various flocks. If not accounted for, these sites may cause base-pair mismatching with oligonucleotides used in DNA testing. Thus, the fidelity of scrapie genetic testing is enhanced by knowing the position and frequency of PRNP polymorphisms in targeted flocks. Results An adaptive DNA sequencing strategy was developed to determine the 771 bp PRNP coding sequence for any sheep and thereby produce a consensus sequence for targeted flocks. The strategy initially accounted for 43 known polymorphisms and facilitates the detection of unknown polymorphisms through an overlapping amplicon design. The strategy was applied to 953 sheep DNAs from multiple breeds in U.S. populations. The samples included two sets of reference sheep: one set for standardizing PRNP genetic testing and another set for discovering polymorphisms, estimating allele frequencies, and determining haplotype phase. DNA sequencing revealed 16 previously unreported polymorphisms, including a L237P variant on the F141 haplotype. Two mass spectrometry multiplex assays were developed to score five codons of interest in U.S. sheep: 112, 136, 141, 154, and 171. Reference tissues, DNA, trace files, and genotypes from this project are publicly available for use without restriction. Conclusion Identifying ovine PRNP polymorphisms in targeted flocks is critical for designing efficient scrapie genetic testing systems. Together with reference DNA panels, this information facilitates training, certification, and development of new tests and knowledge that may expedite the eradication of sheep scrapie.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Heaton
- USDA, ARS, United States Meat Animal Research Center State Spur 18D, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Prion protein genotypes of Italian sheep breeds with lysine-171 and phenylalanine-141 detection. Vet Microbiol 2009; 137:18-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2008] [Revised: 12/05/2008] [Accepted: 12/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
10
|
AluI polymorphism of the bovine growth hormone (GH) gene, resumption of ovarian cyclicity, milk production and loss of body condition at the onset of lactation in dairy cows. Theriogenology 2009; 71:553-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2006] [Revised: 04/14/2008] [Accepted: 06/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
11
|
Locked nucleic acid pentamers as universal PCR primers for genomic DNA amplification. PLoS One 2008; 3:e3701. [PMID: 19002243 PMCID: PMC2577006 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2008] [Accepted: 10/23/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiplexing technologies, which allow for simultaneous detection of multiple nucleic acid sequences in a single reaction, can save a lot of time, cost and labor compared to traditional single reaction detection methods. However, the multiplexing method currently used requires precise handiwork and many complicated steps, making a new, simpler technique desirable. Oligonucleotides containing locked nucleic acid residues are an attractive tool because they have strong affinities for their complementary targets, they have been used to avoid dimer formation and mismatch hybridization and to enhance efficient priming. In this study, we aimed to investigate the use of locked nucleic acid pentamers for genomic DNA amplification and multiplex genotyping. Results We designed locked nucleic acid pentamers as universal PCR primers for genomic DNA amplification. The locked nucleic acid pentamers were able to prime amplification of the selected sequences within the investigated genomes, and the resulting products were similar in length to those obtained by restriction digest. In Real Time PCR of genomic DNA from three bacterial species, locked nucleic acid pentamers showed high priming efficiencies. Data from bias tests demonstrated that locked nucleic acid pentamers have equal affinities for each of the six genes tested from the Klebsiella pneumoniae genome. Combined with suspension array genotyping, locked nucleic acid pentamer-based PCR amplification was able to identify a total of 15 strains, including 3 species of bacteria, by gene- and species-specific probes. Among the 32 species used in the assay, 28 species and 50 different genes were clearly identified using this method. Conclusion As a novel genomic DNA amplification, the use of locked nucleic acid pentamers as universal primer pairs in conjunction with suspension array genotyping, allows for the identification of multiple distinct genes or species with a single amplification procedure. This demonstrates that locked nucleic acid pentamer-based PCR can be utilized extensively in pathogen identification.
Collapse
|
12
|
Alvarez L, Arranz JJ, San Primitivo F. Identification of a new leucine haplotype (ALQ) at codon 154 in the ovine prion protein gene in Spanish sheep. J Anim Sci 2008; 84:259-65. [PMID: 16424251 DOI: 10.2527/2006.842259x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic susceptibility to scrapie is closely linked to variations at codons 136, 154, and 171 of the prion protein (PRNP) gene. This association between the PRNP genotype and susceptibility to scrapie is the basis of breeding programs for scrapie resistance in different countries. In this paper, we describe the method used with 2 Spanish dairy sheep breeds (Churra and Castellana) to ascertain the initial status of protection against scrapie as a first step toward adapting their breeding schemes to include resistance as a complementary selection criterion. The procedure for genotype identification is based on multiplex minisequencing methodology and has been shown to be accurate, easy to interpret, and to have a medium throughput. The frequency of the ARQ allele was similar in the 2 populations at nearly 70%. The ARR allele, associated with resistance in the homozygous state, reaches around 23% in Churras and nearly 20% in Castellanas. The high-risk VRQ allele appeared at a relatively low frequency in both breeds. No other haplotypes were found in these 2 breeds. Furthermore, in this screening we found a new allele carrying leucine at codon 154. This new genetic variant might play a role in susceptibility to scrapie because codon 154 belongs to a region considered to have an important role in conformational conversion of the cellular to the pathogenic protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Alvarez
- Departamento de Producción Animal I, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Benkel BF, Valle E, Bissonnette N, Hossain Farid A. Simultaneous detection of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ovine prion protein gene. Mol Cell Probes 2007; 21:363-7. [PMID: 17590312 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2007.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2007] [Revised: 04/23/2007] [Accepted: 05/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Amino acid polymorphisms in the prion protein gene (PrP) affect the susceptibility of sheep to scrapie, a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE). In particular, amino acid substitutions at codons 136, 154 and 171 of the ovine PrP gene are associated with different degrees of susceptibility to the classical form of scrapie, caused by 'typical' scrapie strains. Existing genotyping tests for scrapie susceptibility normally interrogate only the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) most relevant to 'typical' strains. Recently, however, a number of novel variants of the scrapie agent have been discovered. The ability of these new, 'atypical' scrapie variants to infect sheep that are resistant to 'typical' variants has raised concerns about the reduction in genetic variability that may result from intense selection for resistance to classical scrapie. Furthermore, a growing interest in a potential role for specific PrP genotypes in modulating performance traits is also driving a move toward more extensive characterization of haplotypes at the PrP locus. Here, we describe a single-tube method for the interrogation of eight SNPs within seven codons (112, 136, 141, 154, 171, 231 and 241) of the ovine PrP gene. This method is as accurate as sequencing, yet more affordable, and can easily be automated for high-throughput sample screening. Moreover, it can be modified to accommodate genetic variations that are found in local and heritage breeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard F Benkel
- Department of Plant and Animal Sciences, Nova Scotia Agricultural College, Truro, NS, Canada B2N 5E3.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Van Poucke M, Vandesompele J, Mattheeuws M, Van Zeveren A, Peelman LJ. A dual fluorescent multiprobe assay for prion protein genotyping in sheep. BMC Infect Dis 2005; 5:13. [PMID: 15769289 PMCID: PMC1274271 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-5-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2004] [Accepted: 03/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scrapie and BSE belong to a group of fatal, transmissible, neurodegenerative diseases called TSE. In order to minimize the risk of natural scrapie and presumed natural BSE in sheep, breeding programmes towards TSE resistance are conducted in many countries based on resistance rendering PRNP polymorphisms at codons 136 (A/V), 154 (R/H) and 171 (R/H/Q). Therefore, a reliable, fast and cost-effective method for routine PRNP genotyping in sheep, applicable in standard equipped molecular genetic laboratories, will be a vital instrument to fulfill the need of genotyping hundreds or thousands of sheep. METHODS A dual fluorescent multiprobe assay consisting of 2 closed tube PCR reactions containing respectively 4 and 3 dual-labelled fluorescent ASO probes for the detection in real-time of the 7 allelic variants of sheep PRNP mentioned above. RESULTS The assay is successfully performed using unpurified DNA as a template for PCR, without any post-PCR manipulations and with semi-automatic determination of the PRNP genotypes. The performance of the assay was confirmed via PCR-RFLP and sequencing in a cross-validation study with 50 sheep. CONCLUSIONS We report the development and validation of a robust, reliable and reproducible method for PRNP genotyping of a few to many sheep samples in a fast, simple and cost-effective way, applicable in standard equipped molecular genetic laboratories. The described primer/probe design strategy can also be applied for the detection of other polymorphisms or disease causing mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Van Poucke
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Jo Vandesompele
- Center for Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc Mattheeuws
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Alex Van Zeveren
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Luc J Peelman
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Buitkamp J, Semmer J. A robust, low- to medium-throughput prnp genotyping system in sheep. BMC Infect Dis 2004; 4:30. [PMID: 15345029 PMCID: PMC517712 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-4-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2004] [Accepted: 09/02/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In many countries breeding programs for resistance to scrapie in sheep are established. Therefore, the demand on genotyping capacities of the polymorphisms of the prion protein gene (prnp) relevant to presently known disease associations and EU regulations is steadily increasing. Most published typing methods are not well suited for routine typing of large sample numbers in smaller service laboratories for different reasons: they require partly manual data processing, sophisticated and sensitive protocols, high efforts regarding time and manpower, multiple step reactions or substantial hardware investments. To overcome these drawbacks, we developed a prnp typing method that is based on a 'multiplex amplification refractory mutation system' (ARMS) reaction. METHODS In this study we combined the amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) with standard fluorescent based fragment length analyses method to develop a prnp genotyping method (PRNP ARMS). RESULTS By optimised primer design it was possible to type the 4 relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the prnp simultaneously in one multiplex reaction. Automated fragment length analysis enabled automated allele designation. Suitability of the PRNP ARMS for routine application was proven by typing samples with known genotypes and larger sample numbers from half-sib families. CONCLUSION The ARMS PRNP typing method established in this study is universally suited for a broad range of typing projects with different requirements. It provides an efficient and inexpensive diagnostic mutation analysis that will improve the quality of prnp genotyping compared with other low-cost methods. It can be implemented by most molecular genetic laboratories using standard equipment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Buitkamp
- Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Institute of Animal Breeding, Prof.-Dürrwaechter-Platz 1, 85586 Poing, Germany
| | - Jördis Semmer
- Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Institute of Animal Breeding, Prof.-Dürrwaechter-Platz 1, 85586 Poing, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Garcia-Crespo D, Oporto B, Gomez N, Nagore D, Benedicto L, Juste RA, Hurtado A. PrP polymorphisms in Basque sheep breeds determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and real-time PCR. Vet Rec 2004; 154:717-22. [PMID: 15214515 DOI: 10.1136/vr.154.23.717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Two new PCR-based methods were developed to decode prion protein (PrP) gene polymorphisms at codons 136, 154 and 171: a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis consisting of two PCR reactions followed by three enzymatic digestions, and a real-time PCR consisting of four reactions with seven fluorogenic probes. Both methods were used to study the distribution of PrP gene polymorphisms in a representative sample (1297 animals) of the populations of the two native breeds of sheep of the Spanish Basque Country, Latxa and Carranzana. Fourteen genotypes were found in the Latxa breed, in which ARQ/ARQ was the genotype most frequently observed (49.3 per cent), followed by ARR/ARQ (32.6 per cent) and ARQ/ARH (5.8 per cent). The genotype associated with the highest resistance to scrapie (ARR/ARR) was present in 5 per cent of the animals analysed. Similar results were observed in the Carranzana sheep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Garcia-Crespo
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto Vasco de Investigacíon y Desarrollo Agrario (NEIKER), Berreaga Kalea, 1,48160 Derio (Bizkaia), Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|