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Zeid AM, Kaji N, Nasr JJM, Belal FF, Baba Y, Walash MI. Stacking-cyclodextrin-microchip electrokinetic chromatographic determination of gabapentinoid drugs in pharmaceutical and biological matrices. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1503:65-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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2
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Tähkä SM, Bonabi A, Nordberg ME, Kanerva M, Jokinen VP, Sikanen TM. Thiol-ene microfluidic devices for microchip electrophoresis: Effects of curing conditions and monomer composition on surface properties. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1426:233-40. [PMID: 26654831 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Thiol-ene polymer formulations are raising growing interest as new low-cost fabrication materials for microfluidic devices. This study addresses their feasibility for microchip electrophoresis (MCE) via characterization of the effects of UV curing conditions and aging on the surface charge and wetting properties. A detailed comparison is made between stoichiometric thiol-ene (1:1) and thiol-ene formulations bearing 50% molar excess of allyls ("enes"), both prepared without photoinitiator or other polymer modifiers. Our results show that the surface charge of thiol-ene 1:1 increases along with increasing UV exposure dose until a threshold (here, about 200J/cm(2)), whereas the surface charge of thiol-ene 2:3 decreases as a function of increasing UV dose. However, no significant change in the surface charge upon storage in ambient air was observed over a period of 14 days (independent of the curing conditions). The water contact angles of thiol-ene 2:3 (typically 70-75°) were found to be less dependent on the UV dose and storing time. Instead, water contact angles of thiol-ene 1:1 slightly decrease (from initial 90 to 95° to about 70°) as a function of UV increasing exposure dose and storing time. Most importantly, both thiol-ene formulations remain relatively hydrophilic over extended periods of time, which favors their use in MCE applications. Here, MCE separation of biologically active peptides and selected fluorescent dyes is demonstrated in combination with laser-induced fluorescence detection showing high separation efficiency (theoretical plates 8200 per 4cm for peptides and 1500-2700 per 4cm for fluorescent dyes) and lower limits of detection in the sub-μM (visible range) or low-μM (near-UV range) level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari M Tähkä
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ashkan Bonabi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria-Elisa Nordberg
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Meeri Kanerva
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ville P Jokinen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, Aalto FI-00076, Finland
| | - Tiina M Sikanen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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3
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Molecular weight determination of high molecular mass (glyco)proteins using CGE-on-a-chip, planar SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF-MS. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:3850-62. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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4
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Sikanen T, Aura S, Heikkilä L, Kotiaho T, Franssila S, Kostiainen R. Hybrid Ceramic Polymers: New, Nonbiofouling, and Optically Transparent Materials for Microfluidics. Anal Chem 2010; 82:3874-82. [DOI: 10.1021/ac1004053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Sikanen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014, Finland, Department of Micro and Nanosciences, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076, Finland, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Finland, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16200, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Susanna Aura
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014, Finland, Department of Micro and Nanosciences, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076, Finland, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Finland, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16200, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Liisa Heikkilä
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014, Finland, Department of Micro and Nanosciences, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076, Finland, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Finland, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16200, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Tapio Kotiaho
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014, Finland, Department of Micro and Nanosciences, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076, Finland, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Finland, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16200, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Sami Franssila
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014, Finland, Department of Micro and Nanosciences, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076, Finland, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Finland, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16200, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Risto Kostiainen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014, Finland, Department of Micro and Nanosciences, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076, Finland, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Finland, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16200, FI-00076, Finland
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Yang R, Liu Y, Wang Y. Hydroxyethylcellulose-graft-poly (4-vinylpyridine) as a novel, adsorbed coating for protein separation by CE. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:2321-7. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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6
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Maeda E, Kataoka M, Yatsushiro S, Kajimoto K, Hino M, Kaji N, Tokeshi M, Bando M, Kido JI, Ishikawa M, Shinohara Y, Baba Y. Accurate quantitation of salivary and pancreatic amylase activities in human plasma by microchip electrophoretic separation of the substrates and hydrolysates coupled with immunoinhibition. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:1902-9. [PMID: 18393344 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A high-performance determination system for alpha-amylase isoenzyme activities in human plasma involving microchip electrophoresis with a plastic chip was developed. The combination of microchip electrophoresis for substrate and hydrolysate separation and an immunoinhibition method for the differentiation of isoenzyme activities using antihuman salivary amylase (S-AMY) mAb allowed the highly selective determination of amylase isoenzyme (S-AMY and pancreatic amylase (P-AMY)) activities even in a complex matrix such as a crude plasma sample. We used 8-aminopyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (APTS)-labeled maltohexaose (G6) as a substrate. Amylase in a human plasma sample hydrolyzed APTS-G6 into APTS-maltotriose (G3) and G3, which was measured as the fluorescence intensity of APTS-G3 on microchip electrophoresis. A double logarithm plot revealed a linear relationship between amylase activity and fluorescence intensity in the range of 5-500 U/L of amylase activity (r2=0.9995, p<0.01), and the LOD was 4.38 U/L. Amylase activities in 13 subjects determined by the present method were compared with the results obtained by conventional methods with nitrophenylated oligosaccharides as substrates, respectively. Good correlations were observed for each method on simple linear regression analysis (both p<0.01). The reproducibilities of within-days for total amylase and P-AMY were 2.98-6.27 and 3.83-6.39%, respectively, and these between-days were 2.88-5.66 and 3.64-5.63%, respectively. This system enables us to determine amylase isoenzyme activities in human plasma with high sensitivity and accuracy, and thus will be applicable to clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiki Maeda
- Department of Molecular and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
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7
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Chen Y, Zhang L, Chen G. Fabrication, modification, and application of poly(methyl methacrylate) microfluidic chips. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:1801-14. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Yang R, Shi R, Peng S, Zhou D, Liu H, Wang Y. Cationized hydroxyethylcellulose as a novel, adsorbed coating for basic protein separation by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:1460-6. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Ueno H, Wang J, Kaji N, Tokeshi M, Baba Y. Quantitative determination of amino acids in functional foods by microchip electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:898-903. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru KATO
- Center for NanoBio Integration, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo
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Sikanen T, Heikkilä L, Tuomikoski S, Ketola RA, Kostiainen R, Franssila S, Kotiaho T. Performance of SU-8 Microchips as Separation Devices and Comparison with Glass Microchips. Anal Chem 2007; 79:6255-63. [PMID: 17636877 DOI: 10.1021/ac0703956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Effective analytical performance of native, all-SU-8 separation microdevices is addressed by comparing their performance to commercial glass microdevices in microchip zone electrophoresis accompanied by fluorescence detection. Surface chemistry and optical properties of SU-8 microdevices are also examined. SU-8 was shown to exhibit repeatable electroosmotic properties in a wide variety of buffers, and SU-8 microchannels were successfully utilized in peptide and protein analyses without any modification of the native polymer surface. Selected, fluorescent labeled, biologically active peptides were baseline resolved with migration time repeatability of 2.3-3.6% and plate numbers of 112,900-179,800 m(-1). Addition of SDS (0.1%) or SU-8 developer (1.0%) to the separation buffer also enabled protein analysis by capillary zone electrophoresis. Plate heights of 2.4-5.9 microm were obtained for fluorescent labeled bovine serum albumin. In addition, detection sensitivity through SU-8 microchannels was similar to that through BoroFloat glass, when fluorescence illumination was provided at visible wavelengths higher than 500 nm. On the whole, the analytical performance of SU-8 microchips was very good and fairly comparable to that of commercial glass chips as well as that of traditional capillary electrophoresis and chromatographic methods. Moreover, lithography-based patterning of SU-8 enables straightforward integration of multiple functions on a single chip and favors fully microfabricated lab-on-a-chip systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Sikanen
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Drug Discovery and Development Technology Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Mohamadi MR, Mahmoudian L, Kaji N, Tokeshi M, Baba Y. Dynamic coating using methylcellulose and polysorbate 20 for nondenaturing electrophoresis of proteins on plastic microchips. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:830-6. [PMID: 17274100 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A dynamic coating using methylcellulose (MC) and a nonionic detergent (polysorbate 20) was developed, which controlled protein adsorption onto the surface of microchannels on a microchip made of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Optimum concentration of polysorbate 20 in combination with the range of MC concentrations controlled the protein adsorption onto the microchannel surface, and increased the solubility of the protein samples while facilitating the injection of high concentrations of MC solutions into the microchannels. Higher concentrations of nonionic detergent increased the EOF mobility as opposed to the electrophoretic mobility and caused the electrophoresis to fail. Nondenaturing microchip electrophoresis of protein samples with molecular masses ranging from 20 to 100 kDa were completed in 100 s. Also, successful separation of a BSA sample and its complex with anti-BSA mAb ( 220 kDa) was achieved on a PMMA microchip. The separation exhibited high reproducibility in both migration time (RSD = 1%) and peak area (RSD = 10-15%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Reza Mohamadi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
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Naruishi N, Tanaka Y, Higashi T, Wakida SI. Highly efficient dynamic modification of plastic microfluidic devices using proteins in microchip capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1130:169-74. [PMID: 16860810 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2006] [Revised: 06/12/2006] [Accepted: 07/04/2006] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
New dynamic coating agents were investigated for the manipulation of electroosmotic flow (EOF) in poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) microchips. Blocking proteins designed for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) applications (e.g. Block Ace and UltraBlock), and egg-white lysozyme were proposed in this study. The EOF could be enhanced, suppressed or its direction could be reversed, depending on the buffer pH and the charge on the proteins. The coating procedure is simple, requiring only filling of the microchannels with a coating solution, followed by a rinse with a running buffer solution prior to analysis. One major advantage of this method is that it is not necessary to add the coating agent to the running buffer solution. Block Ace and UltraBlock coatings were stable for at least five runs in a given microchannel without the need to condition the coating between runs other than replenishing the buffer solution after each run, i.e. the RSD values of EOF (n=5) were less than 4.3%, and there was no significant change in the EOF after 5 runs. The reproducibility of the coating procedures was found from the channel-to-channel RSD values of the EOF, and were less than 5.0% when using HEPES-Na buffer (pH 7.4) as the running buffer. Several examples of electrophoretic separations of amino acids and biogenic amines derivatized with 4-fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-F) are demonstrated in this paper. The dynamic coating method has the potential for a broad range of applications in microchip capillary electrophoresis (microchip CE) separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahoko Naruishi
- Human Stress Signal Research Center, HSS, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST, 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
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Silvertand LHH, Machtejevas E, Hendriks R, Unger KK, van Bennekom WP, de Jong GJ. Selective protein removal and desalting using microchip CE. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2006; 839:68-73. [PMID: 16600700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2005] [Revised: 03/03/2006] [Accepted: 03/15/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the on-line sample pretreatment and analysis of proteins and peptides with a poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) microfluidic device (IonChip). This chip consists of two hyphenated electrophoresis channels with integrated conductivity detectors. The first channel can be used for sample preconcentration and sample clean-up, while in the second channel the selected compounds are separated. Isotachophoresis (ITP) combined with zone electrophoresis (CZE) was used to preconcentrate a myoglobin sample by a factor of about 65 before injection into the second dimension and to desalt a mixture of six proteins with 100 mM NaCl. However, ITP-CZE could not be used for the removal of two proteins from a protein/peptide sample since the protein zone in the ITP step was too small to remove certain compounds. Therefore, we used CZE-CZE for the removal of proteins from a protein/peptide mixture, thereby injecting only the peptides into the second CZE separation channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H H Silvertand
- Department of Biomedical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Dittrich PS, Tachikawa K, Manz A. Micro Total Analysis Systems. Latest Advancements and Trends. Anal Chem 2006; 78:3887-908. [PMID: 16771530 DOI: 10.1021/ac0605602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 564] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra S Dittrich
- Institute for Analytical Sciences, Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Strasse 11, D-44139 Dortmund, Germany
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Kato M, Imamura E, Sakai-Kato K, Nakajima T, Toyo'oka T. Cationic amylopectin derivatives as additives for analysis of proteins in capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:1895-9. [PMID: 16607606 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Positively charged amylopectin, which is a major constituent of cationic starch, was used to modify the inner surface of fused-silica capillaries by addition to the running solution, which was subsequently employed in CE. Capillaries filled with cationic amylopectin derivatives were shown to generate a stable reversed EOF in the investigated range of pH 4-8. Among the additives studied, quaternary ammonium amylopectin derivatives with high amino and low hydroxypropyl groups showed fast electroosmotic mobility and very effectively suppressed the adsorption of proteins. The run-to-run and batch-to-batch repeatability of the procedures were satisfactory with RSDs of 0.5% and 2.4%, respectively. A basic protein, alpha-chymotrypsinogen, migrated within 6 min and the theoretical plate number of it reached 560 000 plates/m.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Kato
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and COE Program in the 21st Century, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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Gödde R, Akkad DA, Arning L, Dekomien G, Herchenbach J, Kunstmann E, Meins M, Wieczorek S, Epplen JT, Hoffjan S. Electrophoresis of DNA in human genetic diagnostics – state-of-the-art, alternatives and future prospects. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:939-46. [PMID: 16470775 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Electrophoretic separation of nucleic acids according to their molecular weights has dominated the methods' spectrum in molecular genetics for nearly half a century. We review the current methodological basis and evaluate its impact with special reference to new developments in the microarray technology. Although electrophoresis may be made redundant for many applications in DNA diagnostics within a few years, a number of electrophoretic vestiges will remain irreplaceable in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Gödde
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany.
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