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Ouchi K, Haraga T, Hirose K, Kurosawa Y, Sato Y, Shibukawa M, Saito S. Determination of 90Sr in highly radioactive aqueous samples via conversion to a kinetically stable 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid complex followed by concentration-separation-fractionation based on capillary electrophoresis-liquid scintillation. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1298:342399. [PMID: 38462347 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident (2011) released large amounts of radioactive substances into the environment and generated highly radioactive debris. Post-accident countermeasures are currently in the phase of fuel debris removal, which requires the analysis of radioactive contaminants in the environment and fuel. The spectra of solely β-emitting nuclides, such as 90Sr, overlap; thus, an effective method for nuclide separation is desired. Since conventional methods for high-dose sample analysis pose substantial exposure risks and generate large amounts of secondary radioactive waste, faster procedures allowing for decreased radiation emission are highly desirable. RESULTS In this study, we developed a 90Sr2+ quantitation technique based on liquid scintillation counting (LSC)-coupled capillary transient isotachophoresis (ctITP), along with two-point detection and relying on the rapid concentration, separation, and fractionation of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)-complexed 90Sr2+ in a single run. The applicability of our method for the analysis of real-world samples was verified by conducting addition-recovery experiments using a seawater reference material and radioactive liquid waste obtained from the radioactive waste treatment facility at the Japan Atomic Energy Agency. The recovery determined by LSC was 95-113%, indicating successful quantitative analysis. 90Sr recovery was determined to be 90.1% from a contaminated water sample obtained from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, which was analyzed using the standard addition of 90Sr. The sensitivity (detection limit = 0.016 Bq) of the proposed method on a radioactivity basis was equal to or higher than that of the conventional method using ion exchange-LSC (0.012-0.07 Bq). SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY Our method allows for the handling of high-dose radioactive samples at the microliter level and is substantially faster than conventional ion exchange protocols, whereas ctITP has not been used for practical applications due to inaccurate collection and lack of a suitable chemical system. The concentration-separation-fractionation protocol in ctITP is successful due to the existence of a rare inert Sr2+ complex and precise fractionation. This study establishes a pathway toward safer and more practical analysis of radionuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Ouchi
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Tomoko Haraga
- Department of Decommissioning and Waste Management, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Hirose
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Yuika Kurosawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Sato
- Department of Decommissioning and Waste Management, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - Masami Shibukawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Shingo Saito
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan.
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Saito S, Haraga T, Marumo K, Sato Y, Nakano Y, Tasaki-Handa Y, Shibukawa M. Americium(III)/Curium(III) Complete Separation and Sensitive Fluorescence Detection by Capillary and Gel Electrophoresis Using Emissive Hexadentate/Octadentate Polyaminocarboxylate Ligands. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2023. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Saito
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Tomoko Haraga
- Department of Decommissioning and Waste Management, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Kazuki Marumo
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Sato
- Department of Decommissioning and Waste Management, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Yuta Nakano
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Yuiko Tasaki-Handa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Masami Shibukawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
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HARAGA T, SAITO S. Quantitation of Trace Lanthanide and Actinide Ions in Radioactive Samples by Capillary Electrophoresis-Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2021. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.70.671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko HARAGA
- Nuclear Science Research Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency
| | - Shingo SAITO
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University
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Haraga T, Ouchi K, Sato Y, Hoshino H, Tanaka R, Fujihara T, Kurokawa H, Shibukawa M, Ishimori KI, Kameo Y, Saito S. Safe and rapid development of capillary electrophoresis for ultratrace uranyl ions in radioactive samples by way of fluorescent probe selection for actinide ions from a chemical library. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1032:188-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chen B, He M, Zhang H, Jiang Z, Hu B. Chromatographic Techniques for Rare Earth Elements Analysis. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2016-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe present capability of rare earth element (REE) analysis has been achieved by the development of two instrumental techniques. The efficiency of spectroscopic methods was extraordinarily improved for the detection and determination of REE traces in various materials. On the other hand, the determination of REEs very often depends on the preconcentration and separation of REEs, and chromatographic techniques are very powerful tools for the separation of REEs. By coupling with sensitive detectors, many ambitious analytical tasks can be fulfilled.Liquid chromatography is the most widely used technique. Different combinations of stationary phases and mobile phases could be used in ion exchange chromatography, ion chromatography, ion-pair reverse-phase chromatography and some other techniques. The application of gas chromatography is limited because only volatile compounds of REEs can be separated. Thin-layer and paper chromatography are techniques that cannot be directly coupled with suitable detectors, which limit their applications. For special demands, separations can be performed by capillary electrophoresis, which has very high separation efficiency.
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Yelkenci HE, Öztekin N. Separation and Sensitive Detection of Lanthanides by Capillary Electrophoresis and Contactless Conductivity Detection. J Chromatogr Sci 2017; 55:465-470. [PMID: 27988487 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive capillary zone electrophoresis method for the simultaneous separation and determination of lanthanide ions, combined with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D), is reported. The influence of experimental parameters on separation was investigated. The optimal separation conditions were obtained when 4.5 mM 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid and 1 mM acetic acid (HAc) at pH 4.5 were used as buffer solution. Under these conditions, complete separation of all 14 lanthanide ions was achieved in 6 min. With the use of the C4D detector, the sensitive detection of non-UV active lanthanide ions was achieved without the need of a UV active ligand or a visualization agent. The sensitivities were further enhanced with a sample stacking procedure. The limits of detection were to be found between 2.77 and 8.26 nmol/L and the limits of quantification were between 9.29 and 27.5 nmol/L for 14 lanthanide ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ecem Yelkenci
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nevin Öztekin
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
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Simultaneous determination of rare earth elements in ore and anti-corrosion coating samples using a portable capillary electrophoresis instrument with contactless conductivity detection. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1457:151-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Cheng C, Jiang T, Han J, Lv K, Hu S, Wang X. Capillary electrophoresis coupled with in-column fiber-optic laser-induced fluorescence detection for the rapid separation of neodymium. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:2657-2662. [PMID: 27346878 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, in-column fiber-optic (ICFO) laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection technique is coupled with capillary electrophoresis (CE) for the rapid separation of neodymium for the first time. The effects of buffer concentration, buffer pH, and separation voltage on the CE behaviors, including electrophoretic efficiency and detection sensitivity, are investigated in detail. Under the optimal condition determined in this study (15 mM borate buffer, pH 10.50, separation voltage 24 kV), neodymium could be separated effectively from the neighboring lanthanides (praseodymium and samarium) within several minutes, and the limit of detection for neodymium is estimated to be at the ppt level. The ICFO-LIF-CE system assembled in this study exhibits unique performance characteristics such as low cost and flexibility. Meanwhile, the separation efficiency and detection sensitivity of the assembled CE system are comparable to or somewhat better than those obtained in the previous traditional CE systems, indicating the potential of the assembled CE system for practical applications in the fields of spent nuclear fuel analysis, nuclear waste disposal/treatment, and nuclear forensics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changming Cheng
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, P. R. China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, P. R. China
| | - Jun Han
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, P. R. China
| | - Kai Lv
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Hu
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, P. R. China.
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Matharu K, Mittal SK, Kumar SKA. Conductometric Performance of Two-Pole and Five-Ring Conductivity Cell Probes for Lanthanide Determination Using EDTA and DCTA as Potential Sequestering Agents. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie301141g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Komal Matharu
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Thapar University, Patiala, 147004, Punjab, India
| | - Susheel K Mittal
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Thapar University, Patiala, 147004, Punjab, India
| | - S. K. Ashok Kumar
- Materials Chemistry Division,
School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Saito S, Sato Y, Haraga T, Nakano Y, Asai S, Kameo Y, Takahashi K, Shibukawa M. Highly sensitive detection of neodymium ion in small amount of spent nuclear fuel samples using novel fluorescent macrocyclic hexadentate polyaminocarboxylate probe in capillary electrophoresis-laser-induced fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1232:152-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Saito S, Suzuki R, Danzaka N, Hikichi A, Yoshimoto K, Maeda M, Aoyama M. Direct fluorometric detection of paramagnetic and heavy metal ions at sub-amol level using an aromatic polyaminocarboxylate by CZE: Combination of pre- and on-capillary complexation technique. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:2448-57. [PMID: 17577884 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The low sensitivity of simple CZE for detecting metal ions is a long-standing problem even when an LIF detection system is employed. We have successfully achieved an ultrasensitive CE-LIF using a simple CZE mode (typical detection limit: 10(-11)-10(-10) mol/dm(3)). Both the design of a newly synthesized ligand and the combination of a precapillary derivatizing technique with an on-capillary ternary complexing technique have enabled us to achieve this extremely low LOD and high resolution of large metal complexes. The direct fluorescent detection of the paramagnetic metal ions was achieved for the first time despite their intrinsic fluorescent quenching nature. The fluorescent ligand (L) consists of a polyaminocarboxylate chelating moiety, a strongly emissive fluorescein moiety and a spacer connecting the two portions. The migration behavior of various metal-L complexes was investigated. The resolution among the complexes was improved by the introduction of a ternary complex equilibrium of the kinetically stable mother complexes with OH(-) ion. The analytical potential of our simple system was examined, and it was proved that the system was one of the most sensitive methods without the need for any preconcentration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Saito
- Graduate School of Science, and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama City, Japan.
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Separation and quantification of lanthanides in synthetic standards by capillary electrophoresis: A new experimental evidence of the systematic “odd–even” pattern observed in sensitivities and detection limits. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1149:12-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2006] [Revised: 02/24/2007] [Accepted: 03/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Saito S, Takeuchi S, Yoshimoto K, Maeda M, Aoyama M. Direct fluorescence detection of ultratrace lanthanide(iii) ions complexed with aromatic polyaminocarboxylate, avoiding quenching of ligand-centered emission, using capillary zone electrophoresis with a ternary complexing technique. Analyst 2007; 132:237-41. [PMID: 17325757 DOI: 10.1039/b613534j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ultratrace level detection and the separation of lanthanide ions (Ln3+) were achieved using capillary zone electrophoresis with laser induced fluorescent detection (CZE-LIF) using an aromatic polyaminocarboxylate ligand synthesized in our previous work. The ligand forms kinetically stable Ln complexes at the pre-capillary derivatizing step. It effectively avoids quenching processes of the ligand-centered fluorescence through complexation with Ln3+ without paramagnetic and heavy atom effects because of the distance between the chelating and the antenna moieties. During the on-capillary separation step, the mother Ln complexes competitively form ternary complexes with the auxiliary ligands, iminodiacetate and citrate, which provide different mobilities for each of the Ln3+ complexes. The emissively labeled Ln3+ complexes were efficiently separated, based on the ternary complex equilibrium. Since the carrier buffer employed was free from emissive ligands, a high signal to noise ratio was obtained. A lower detection limit of 9.1 x 10(-11) mol dm(-3) (15.6 ng dm(-3), 0.46 attomole as an amount basis) was successfully achieved typically for Lu3+ with a simple CZE mode. We propose a combination of a pre-capillary and an on-capillary complexing technique as a method that provides both high sensitivity and high resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Saito
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Kitami Institute of Technology, Kitami, Hokkaido, 090-8507, Japan.
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