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Schmidt S, Holzgrabe U. Do the enantiomers of ketamine bind enantioselectively to human serum albumin? Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 192:106640. [PMID: 37979888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
The binding of drugs to plasma proteins is an important process in the human body and has a significant influence on pharmacokinetic parameter. Human serum albumin (HSA) has the most important function as a transporter protein. The binding of ketamine to HSA has already been described in literature, but only of the racemate. The enantiomerically pure S-ketamine is used as injection solution for induction of anesthesia and has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the therapy of severe depression as a nasal spray in 2019. The question arises if there is enantioselective binding to HSA. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate whether there is enantioselective binding of S-and R-ketamine to HSA or not. Ultrafiltration (UF) followed by chiral capillary electrophoretic analysis was used to determine the extent of protein binding. Bound fraction to HSA was 71.2 % and 64.9 % for enantiomerically pure R- and S-ketamine, respectively, and 66.5 % for the racemate. Detailed binding properties were studied by Saturation Transfer Difference (STD)-, waterLOGSY- and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG)-NMR spectroscopy. With all three methods, the aromatic ring and the N-methyl group could be identified as the structural moieties most strongly involved in binding of ketamine to HSA. pKaff values determined using UF and NMR indicate that ketamine is a weak affinity ligand to HSA and no significant differences in binding behavior were found between the individual enantiomers and the racemate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schmidt
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Holzgrabe
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
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Sharmeen S, Kyei I, Hatch A, Hage DS. Analysis of drug interactions with serum proteins and related binding agents by affinity capillary electrophoresis: A review. Electrophoresis 2022; 43:2302-2323. [PMID: 36250426 PMCID: PMC10098505 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Biomolecules such as serum proteins can interact with drugs in the body and influence their pharmaceutical effects. Specific and precise methods that analyze these interactions are critical for drug development or monitoring and for diagnostic purposes. Affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE) is one technique that can be used to examine the binding between drugs and serum proteins, or other agents found in serum or blood. This article will review the basic principles of ACE, along with related affinity-based capillary electrophoresis (CE) methods, and examine recent developments that have occurred in this field as related to the characterization of drug-protein interactions. An overview will be given of the various formats that can be used in ACE and CE for such work, including the relative advantages or weaknesses of each approach. Various applications of ACE and affinity-based CE methods for the analysis of drug interactions with serum proteins and other binding agents will also be presented. Applications of ACE and related techniques that will be discussed include drug interaction studies with serum agents, chiral drug separations employing serum proteins, and the use of CE in hybrid methods to characterize drug binding with serum proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Sharmeen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Isaac Kyei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Arden Hatch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - David S Hage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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3
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Enantioresolution and Binding Affinity Studies on Human Serum Albumin: Recent Applications and Trends. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9110304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between proteins and drugs or other bioactive compounds has been widely explored over the past years. Several methods for analysis of this phenomenon have been developed and improved. Nowadays, increasing attention is paid to innovative methods, such as high performance affinity liquid chromatography (HPALC) and affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE), taking into account various advantages. Moreover, the development of separation methods for the analysis and resolution of chiral drugs has been an area of ongoing interest in analytical and medicinal chemistry research. In addition to bioaffinity binding studies, both HPALC and ACE al-low one to perform other type of analyses, namely, displacement studies and enantioseparation of racemic or enantiomeric mixtures. Actually, proteins used as chiral selectors in chromatographic and electrophoretic methods have unique enantioselective properties demonstrating suitability for the enantioseparation of a large variety of chiral drugs or other bioactive compounds. This review is mainly focused in chromatographic and electrophoretic methods using human serum albumin (HSA), the most abundant plasma protein, as chiral selector for binding affinity analysis and enantioresolution of drugs. For both analytical purposes, updated examples are presented to highlight recent applications and current trends.
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Liu Y, Wang X, Yu J, Guo X. Chiral separation and molecular simulation study of six antihistamine agents on a coated cellulose tri-(3,5-dimethylphenycarbamate) column (Chiralcel OD-RH) and its recognition mechanisms. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:1461-1472. [PMID: 33905565 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Enantiomeric separation of six antihistamine agents was first systematically investigated on a cellulose-based chiral stationary phase (CSP), that is, cellulose tris-(3,5-dimethyl phenyl carbamate) (Chiralcel OD-RH), under the reversed-phase mode. Orphenadrine, meclizine, terfenadine, dioxopromethazine, and carbinoxamine enantiomers were completely separated under the optimized mobile phase conditions with resolutions of 5.02, 1.93, 1.68, 1.67, and 1.54, respectively. Mequitazine was partially separated with a resolution of 0.77. The influences of type and concentration of buffer salt, the pH of buffer solution, and the type and ratio of organic modifier on the chiral separation were evaluated and optimized. For a better insight into the enantiorecognition mechanisms, molecular docking was carried out via the Autodock software. The lowest binding energy and the optimal conformations of the analytes/CSP complexes were supplied, and the mechanisms of chiral recognition were determined. According to the results, the key interactions for the chiral recognition of these six analytes on CDMPC were π-π interactions, hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bond interactions, and some special interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
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Liu Y, Ding Y, Song Y, Guo X. Enantioseparation and determination of orphenadrine in rat plasma and its application to a stereoselective pharmacokinetic study. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj06005d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chiral separation and stereoselective pharmacokinetics study of orphenadrine enantiomers in rats by HPLC-MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- P. R. China
| | - Yushan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- P. R. China
| | - Yongbo Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- P. R. China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- P. R. China
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Shen Q, Wang L, Zhou H, Jiang HD, Yu LS, Zeng S. Stereoselective binding of chiral drugs to plasma proteins. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2013; 34:998-1006. [PMID: 23852086 PMCID: PMC3733166 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2013.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral drugs show distinct biochemical and pharmacological behaviors in the human body. The binding of chiral drugs to plasma proteins usually exhibits stereoselectivity, which has a far-reaching influence on their pharmacological activities and pharmacokinetic profiles. In this review, the stereoselective binding of chiral drugs to human serum albumin (HSA), α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and lipoprotein, three most important proteins in human plasma, are detailed. Furthermore, the application of AGP variants and recombinant fragments of HSA for studying enantiomer binding properties is also discussed. Apart from the stereoselectivity of enantiomer-protein binding, enantiomer-enantiomer interactions that may induce allosteric effects are also described. Additionally, the techniques and methods used to determine drug-protein binding parameters are briefly reviewed.
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Deeb SE, Wätzig H, El-Hady DA. Capillary electrophoresis to investigate biopharmaceuticals and pharmaceutically-relevant binding properties. Trends Analyt Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Evaluation of enantioselective binding of propanocaine to human serum albumin by ultrafiltration and electrokinetic chromatography under intermediate precision conditions. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 889-890:87-94. [PMID: 22366280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Stereoselectivity in protein binding can have a significant effect on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of chiral drugs. In this paper, the enantioselective binding of propanocaine (PRO) enantiomers to human serum albumin (HSA), the most relevant plasmatic protein in view of stereoselectivity, has been evaluated by incubation and ultrafiltration of racemic PRO-HSA mixtures and chiral analysis of the bound and unbound fractions by electrokinetic chromatography using HSA as chiral selector. Experimental conditions for the separation of PRO enantiomers using HSA as chiral selector and electrokinetic chromatography have been optimised. Affinity constants and protein binding in percentage (PB) were obtained for both enantiomers of PRO, as well as the enantioselectivity (ES) to HSA. Data were obtained in two independent working sessions (days). The influence of the session and fraction processed factors were examined. A univariate direct-estimation approach was used facilitating outliers' identification and statistical comparison. Non-linear fitting of data was used to verify the stoichiometry and affinity estimations obtained by the direct approach. Robust statistics were applied to obtain reliable estimations of uncertainty, accounting for the factors (day and processed fraction), thus representing intermediate precision conditions. Mimicking in vivo experimental conditions, information unapproachable by in vivo experiments was obtained for PRO enantiomers interacting with HSA. For the first (E1) and the second (E2) eluted PRO enantiomers the results were: 1:1 stoichiometry, medium affinity constants, logK(E1)=3.20±0.16 and log K(E2)=3.40±0.14, medium protein binding percentage, PB=48.7 and 60.1% for E1 and E2, respectively, and moderate but significant enantioselectivity, ES=K(E2)/K(E1)=1.5±0.3.
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On the zopiclone enantioselective binding to human albumin and plasma proteins. An electrokinetic chromatography approach. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:3111-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Lu H, Chen G. Recent advances of enantioseparations in capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2011; 3:488-508. [PMID: 32938063 DOI: 10.1039/c0ay00489h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive survey of recent developments and applications of capillary electromigration techniques for enantioseparations from January 2006 to June 2010 is presented. The techniques include capillary electrophoresis, chip capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography. The separation principles and the chiral recognition mechanisms are discussed. Additionally, on-line preconcentrations in chiral capillary electrophoresis are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Lu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Guonan Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
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Asensi-Bernardi L, Martin-Biosca Y, Villanueva-Camañas RM, Medina-Hernández MJ, Sagrado Vives S. Evaluation of enantioselective binding of fluoxetine to human serum albumin by ultrafiltration and CE - Experimental design and quality considerations. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:3268-80. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Escuder-Gilabert L, Martínez-Gómez MA, Villanueva-Camañas RM, Sagrado S, Medina-Hernández MJ. Microseparation techniques for the study of the enantioselectivity of drug-plasma protein binding. Biomed Chromatogr 2009; 23:225-38. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Preinerstorfer B, Lämmerhofer M, Lindner W. Advances in enantioselective separations using electromigration capillary techniques. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:100-32. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Martínez-Gómez MA, Escuder-Gilabert L, Villanueva-Camañas RM, Sagrado S, Medina-Hernández MJ. Enantioseparation of nuarimol by affinity electrokinetic chromatography-partial filling technique using human serum albumin as chiral selector. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:3265-71. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Ward
- Millsaps College 1701 North State Street, Box 150306, Jackson, Mississippi 39210, USA.
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