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Beloborodov SS, Schneider BB, Oleschuk RD, Yves Le Blanc JC. Open Port Interface for Coupling Capillary Electrophoresis and Mass Spectrometry: Performance Evaluation for Capillary Isoelectric Focusing. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:2107-2116. [PMID: 37650584 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) combined with mass spectrometry (MS) is a powerful analytical technique that utilizes the resolving power of CE and the mass-detection capabilities of MS. In many cases, CE is coupled to MS via a sheath-flow interface (SFI). This interface has a simple design and can be easily constructed; however, it often suffers from issues such as MS signal suppression, interference of MS and CE electrical circuits, and the inability to set an optical point of detection close to the capillary end due to the specific design of the coupling union. In this paper, we describe a novel coupling of CE and MS based upon the open port interface (OPI). The OPI differs from classical sheath flow interfaces by operating at flow rates at least 1 order of magnitude higher. In addition to the flow rate difference, the OPI provides more efficient mixing of the capillary eluates with the transport fluid and thus minimizes MS signal suppression. In this work, we compared the performance of OPI and SFI in a series of capillary isoelectric focusing (cIEF) experiments with 5 pI markers, carbonic anhydrase II and NIST antibody. The evaluation criteria for the comparison of the OPI and SFI were analytical sensitivity, reproducibility, and pI marker linearity. Given the extent of sample dilution in the OPI, we also compared the peak resolution determined using an upstream UV detector to those determined by the downstream mass spectrometer. The results suggested that the OPI configuration reduced signal suppression, with no adverse effect on peak resolution. In addition, the OPI provided better decoupling of the CE and MS potentials as well as reduced signal dependence upon the sheath liquid composition. While these results are preliminary, they suggest that the OPI is a viable approach for CE-MS coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Richard D Oleschuk
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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2
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Cerofolini L, Giuntini S, Louka A, Ravera E, Fragai M, Luchinat C. High-Resolution Solid-State NMR Characterization of Ligand Binding to a Protein Immobilized in a Silica Matrix. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:8094-8101. [PMID: 28762736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b05679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state NMR is becoming a powerful tool to detect atomic-level structural features of biomolecules even when they are bound to (or trapped in) solid systems that lack long-range three-dimensional order. We here demonstrate that it is possible to probe protein-ligand interactions from a protein-based perspective also when the protein is entrapped in silica, thus translating into biomolecular solid-state NMR all of the considerations that are usually made to understand the chemical nature of the interaction of a protein with its ligands. This work provides a proof of concept that also immobilized enzymes can be used for protein-based NMR protein-ligand interactions for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Cerofolini
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metalloproteins (CIRMMP) , Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Stefano Giuntini
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metalloproteins (CIRMMP) , Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence , Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Alexandra Louka
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metalloproteins (CIRMMP) , Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence , Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Enrico Ravera
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metalloproteins (CIRMMP) , Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence , Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Marco Fragai
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metalloproteins (CIRMMP) , Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence , Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.,GiottoBiotech S.R.L. , Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metalloproteins (CIRMMP) , Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence , Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
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Ahn S, Kim B, Han RX, Yu HD. Characterization of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Isoforms by Capillary Isoelectric Focusing with Hydroxypropyl Cellulose-Coated Capillaries. Chromatographia 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-017-3291-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Rogez-Florent T, Goossens L, Drucbert AS, Duban-Deweer S, Six P, Depreux P, Danzé PM, Goossens JF, Foulon C. Amine coupling versus biotin capture for the assessment of sulfonamide as ligands of hCA isoforms. Anal Biochem 2016; 511:42-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Danel C, Melnyk P, Azaroual N, Larchanché PE, Goossens JF, Vaccher C. Evaluation of three neutral capillary coatings for the determination of analyte-cyclodextrin binding constants by affinity capillary electrophoresis. Application to N,N'-disubstituted piperazine derivatives. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1455:163-171. [PMID: 27286645 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.05.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The performances of three neutral static coatings (hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyethylene oxide and poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) have been evaluated in order to determine the binding constants of the complexes formed between four polycationic compounds (piperazine derivatives) and four cyclodextrins of pharmaceutical interest (β-CD, HP-β-CD, Me-β-CD and sulfobutyl ether-β-CD) by affinity capillary electrophoresis. The physically-adsorbed poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) coating proves to be the more efficient to mask the silanol groups of the capillary wall since the lowest electroosmotic flow was measured for this coating. Moreover, it drastically reduces the adsorption of the compounds since it allows a correct repeatability of their migration time, higher efficiencies of the peaks and no baseline shift. Then, it was verified for four complexes that this coating allows a correct determination of the binding constants avoiding the CD adsorption which is responsible of an undervaluation of binding constants. The highest binding constants are obtained using the anionic sulfobutyl ether-β-CD (SBE-β-CD). The structure of the complex formed between the tacrine derivative and the SBE-β-CD was further investigated through 2D ROESY NMR experiments and structure-binding constant relationships. Results suggest that the inclusion in the SBE-β-CD cavity occurs through the aliphatic ring portion of the tacrine moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Danel
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, EA 7365 GRITA Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Patricia Melnyk
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 JPArc Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Nathalie Azaroual
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, EA 7365 GRITA Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Paul-Emmanuel Larchanché
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 JPArc Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Jean-François Goossens
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, EA 7365 GRITA Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Claude Vaccher
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, EA 7365 GRITA Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Pethica BA. Misuse of thermodynamics in the interpretation of isothermal titration calorimetry data for ligand binding to proteins. Anal Biochem 2015; 472:21-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Rogez-Florent T, Duhamel L, Goossens L, Six P, Drucbert AS, Depreux P, Danzé PM, Landy D, Goossens JF, Foulon C. Label-free characterization of carbonic anhydrase-novel inhibitor interactions using surface plasmon resonance, isothermal titration calorimetry and fluorescence-based thermal shift assays. J Mol Recognit 2014; 27:46-56. [PMID: 24375583 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the development of biophysical unbiased methods to study the interactions between new designed compounds and carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) enzyme. These methods have to permit both a screening of a series of sulfonamide derivatives and the identification of a lead compound after a thorough study of the most promising molecules. Interactions data were collected using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and thermal shift assay (TSA). In the first step, experiments were performed with bovine CAII isoform and were extended to human CAII. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments were also conducted to obtain thermodynamics parameters necessary for the processing of the TSA data. Results obtained with this reference methodology demonstrate the effectiveness of SPR and TSA. KD values obtained from SPR data were in perfect accordance with ITC. For TSA, despite the fact that the absolute values of KD were quite different, the same affinity scale was obtained for all compounds. The binding affinities of the analytes studied vary by more than 50 orders of magnitude; for example, the KD value determined by SPR were 6 ± 4 and 299 ± 25 nM for compounds 1 and 3, respectively. This paper discusses some of the theoretical and experimental aspects of the affinity-based methods and evaluates the protein consumption to develop methods for the screening of further new compounds. The double interest of SPR, that is, for screening and for the quick thorough study of the interactions parameters (ka , kd , and KD ), leads us to choose this methodology for the study of new potential inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine Rogez-Florent
- Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000, Lille, France; UDSL, EA-4481, UFR Pharmacie, Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000, Lille, France
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Romand S, Schappler J, Veuthey JL, Carrupt PA, Martel S. cIEF for rapid pKa determination of small molecules: a proof of concept. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 63:14-21. [PMID: 24995703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A capillary isoelectric focusing (cIEF) method was developed for the determination of the ionization constants (pKa) of small molecules. Two approaches used to decrease the electroosmotic flow (EOF) were compared: (i) a hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) coated capillary in aqueous medium and (ii) the addition of glycerol to act as a viscosifying agent. The cIEF method with the glycerol medium was selected, and the ionization constants of 22 basic and 21 acidic compounds, including 15 pharmaceutical drugs, were determined, resulting in pKa values from 3.5 to 7.4 and 6.4 to 9.3, respectively. cIEF offers an interesting alternative to other techniques for pKa determination with low sample consumption, high throughput and low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Romand
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 30, Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Julie Schappler
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 30, Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-Luc Veuthey
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 30, Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Alain Carrupt
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 30, Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Martel
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 30, Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Rogez-Florent T, Foulon C, Six P, Goossens L, Danel C, Goossens JF. Optimization of the enantioseparation of a diaryl-pyrazole sulfonamide derivative by capillary electrophoresis in a dual CD mode using experimental design. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:2765-71. [PMID: 24723380 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A CE method using dual cationic and neutral cyclodextrins (CD) was optimized for the enantiomeric separation of a compound presenting a diaryl sulfonamide group. Preliminary studies were made to select the optimal CDs and pH of the BGE. Two CDs (amino-β-CD and β-CD) were selected to separate the enantiomers in a 67 mM phosphate buffer at pH 7.4. However, the repeatability of the analyses obtained on bare-fused silica capillary was not acceptable owing to the adsorption of the amino-β-CD to the capillary. To prevent this, a dynamic coating of the capillary was used employing five layers of ionic-polymer (poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride (PDADMAC) and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate). The efficiency of the coating was assessed by measuring the EOF stability. Repeatability of the injections was obtained when intermediate coating with PDADMAC was performed between each run. Secondly, this enantioseparation method was optimized using a central composite circumscribed design including three factors: amino-β-CD and β-CD concentrations and the percentage of methanol. Under the optimal conditions (i.e. 16.6 mM of amino-β-CD, 2.6 mM of β-CD, 0% MeOH in 67 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) as BGE, cathodic injection 0.5 psi, 5 s, separation voltage 15 kV and a temperature of 15°C), complete enantioresolution of the analyte was obtained. It is worth mentioning that the design of experiments (DOE) protocol employed showed a significant interaction between CDs, highlighting the utility of DOE in method development. Finally, small variations in the ionic-polymer concentrations did not significantly influence the EOF, confirming the robustness of the coating method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine Rogez-Florent
- Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France; UDSL, Analytics chemistry laboratory, Lille, France
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Bourdon F, Lecoeur M, Duhaut M, Odou P, Vaccher C, Foulon C. A validated micellar electrokinetic chromatography method for the quantitation of dexamethasone, ondansetron and aprepitant, antiemetic drugs, in organogel. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 86:40-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Orlandini S, Gotti R, Furlanetto S. Multivariate optimization of capillary electrophoresis methods: a critical review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 87:290-307. [PMID: 23669025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this article a review on the recent applications of multivariate techniques for optimization of electromigration methods, is presented. Papers published in the period from August 2007 to February 2013, have been taken into consideration. Upon a brief description of each of the involved CE operative modes, the characteristics of the chemometric strategies (type of design, factors and responses) applied to face a number of analytical challenges, are presented. Finally, a critical discussion, giving some practical advices and pointing out the most common issues involved in multivariate set-up of CE methods, is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Orlandini
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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Bahnasy MF, Lucy CA. A versatile semi-permanent sequential bilayer/diblock polymer coating for capillary isoelectric focusing. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1267:89-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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13
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Liu PY, Lin YH, Feng CH, Chen YL. Determination of hydroxy acids in cosmetics by chemometric experimental design and cyclodextrin-modified capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:3079-86. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yu Liu
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science; College of Pharmacy; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung; Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hui Lin
- School of Pharmacy; College of Pharmacy; China Medical University; Taichung; Taiwan
| | - Chia Hsien Feng
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science; College of Pharmacy; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung; Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ling Chen
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science; College of Pharmacy; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung; Taiwan
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Chingin K, Astorga-Wells J, Pirmoradian Najafabadi M, Lavold T, Zubarev RA. Separation of Polypeptides by Isoelectric Point Focusing in Electrospray-Friendly Solution Using a Multiple-Junction Capillary Fractionator. Anal Chem 2012; 84:6856-62. [DOI: 10.1021/ac3013016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Chingin
- Department of Medical
Biochemistry
and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet,
Scheeles väg 2, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juan Astorga-Wells
- Department of Medical
Biochemistry
and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet,
Scheeles väg 2, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Biomotif AB, Stockholm,
Sweden
| | - Mohammad Pirmoradian Najafabadi
- Department of Medical
Biochemistry
and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet,
Scheeles väg 2, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Biomotif AB, Stockholm,
Sweden
| | | | - Roman A. Zubarev
- Department of Medical
Biochemistry
and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet,
Scheeles väg 2, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
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