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Ruzzi V, Buzzaccaro S, Piazza R. Thermal Lens Measurements of Thermal Expansivity in Thermosensitive Polymer Solutions. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051283. [PMID: 36904524 PMCID: PMC10007145 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The weak absorption of a laser beam generates in a fluid an inhomogeneous refractive index profile acting as a negative lens. This self-effect on beam propagation, known as Thermal Lensing (TL), is extensively exploited in sensitive spectroscopic techniques, and in several all-optical methods for the assessment of thermo-optical properties of simple and complex fluids. Using the Lorentz-Lorenz equation, we show that the TL signal is directly proportional to the sample thermal expansivity α, a feature allowing minute density changes to be detected with high sensitivity in a tiny sample volume, using a simple optical scheme. We took advantage of this key result to investigate the compaction of PniPAM microgels occurring around their volume phase transition temperature, and the temperature-driven formation of poloxamer micelles. For both these different kinds of structural transitions, we observed a significant peak in the solute contribution to α, indicating a decrease in the overall solution density-rather counterintuitive evidence that can nevertheless be attributed to the dehydration of the polymer chains. Finally, we compare the novel method we propose with other techniques currently used to obtain specific volume changes.
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Khabibullin VR, Franko M, Proskurnin MA. Accuracy of Measurements of Thermophysical Parameters by Dual-Beam Thermal-Lens Spectrometry. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:430. [PMID: 36770391 PMCID: PMC9920435 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Thermal-lens spectrometry is a sensitive technique for determination of physicochemical properties and thermophysical parameters of various materials including heterogeneous systems and nanoparticles. In this paper, we consider the issues of the correctness (trueness) of measurements of the characteristic time of the thermal-lens effect and, thus, of the thermal diffusivity determined by dual-beam mode-mismatching thermal lensing. As sources of systematic errors, major factors-radiation sources, sample-cell and detector parameters, and general measurement parameters-are considered using several configurations of the thermal-lens setups, and their contributions are quantified or estimated. Furthermore, with aqueous ferroin and Sudan I in ethanol as inert colorants, the effects of the intermolecular distance of the absorbing substance on the correctness of finding the thermophysical parameters are considered. The recommendations for checking the operation of the thermal-lens setup to ensure the maximum accuracy are given. The results obtained help reducing the impact of each investigated factor on the value of systematic error and correctly measure the thermophysical parameters using thermal-lens spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav R. Khabibullin
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, d. 1, str. 3, Lenin Hills, GSP-1 V-234, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Mladen Franko
- Laboratory for Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, Rožna Dolina, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Mikhail A. Proskurnin
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, d. 1, str. 3, Lenin Hills, GSP-1 V-234, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Jo S, Schaich WL, Dragnea B. Real-Time Optical Measurements of Nanoparticle-Induced Melting and Resolidification Dynamics. ACS NANO 2023; 17:505-514. [PMID: 36546561 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c09212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The photothermally induced nanoscale dynamics of rapid melting and resolidification of a thin layer of molecular material surrounding a nanoparticle is examined in real time by an all-optical approach. The method employs pulsed periodic modulation of the medium's dielectric constant through absorption of a low-duty-cycle laser pulse train by a single nanoparticle that acts as a localized heating source. Interpretation of experimental data, including inference of a phase change and of the liquid/solid interface dynamics, is obtained by comparing experimental data with results from coupled optical-thermal numerical simulations. The combined experimental/computational workflow presented in this proof-of-principle study will enable future explorations of material parameters at nanoscale, which are often different from their bulk values and in many cases difficult to infer from macroscopic measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhun Jo
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana47405, United States
| | - William L Schaich
- Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana47405, Unites States
| | - Bogdan Dragnea
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana47405, United States
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Adhikari S, Spaeth P, Kar A, Baaske MD, Khatua S, Orrit M. Photothermal Microscopy: Imaging the Optical Absorption of Single Nanoparticles and Single Molecules. ACS NANO 2020; 14:16414-16445. [PMID: 33216527 PMCID: PMC7760091 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The photothermal (PT) signal arises from slight changes of the index of refraction in a sample due to absorption of a heating light beam. Refractive index changes are measured with a second probing beam, usually of a different color. In the past two decades, this all-optical detection method has reached the sensitivity of single particles and single molecules, which gave birth to original applications in material science and biology. PT microscopy enables shot-noise-limited detection of individual nanoabsorbers among strong scatterers and circumvents many of the limitations of fluorescence-based detection. This review describes the theoretical basis of PT microscopy, the methodological developments that improved its sensitivity toward single-nanoparticle and single-molecule imaging, and a vast number of applications to single-nanoparticle imaging and tracking in material science and in cellular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhasis Adhikari
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Spaeth
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ashish Kar
- Chemistry
Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology
Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujrat 382355, India
| | - Martin Dieter Baaske
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Saumyakanti Khatua
- Chemistry
Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology
Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujrat 382355, India
| | - Michel Orrit
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Isoda M, Fukuma M, Harata A. Ultraviolet-Excitation Photothermal Heterodyne Interferometer as a Micro-HPLC Detector. ANAL SCI 2019; 35:1311-1315. [PMID: 31827036 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.19p190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The first demonstration of a photothermal heterodyne interferometer (PHI) combined with micro-HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) is reported. A semiconductor laser (375 nm) was used for excitation, and the temperature change caused by heat released from photoexcited species was detected with a He-Ne laser (632.8 nm). The temperature-dependent refractive index change of the solvent modified the optical path of the probe beam. The phase difference between two arms of the interferometer, one passing through the heated sample and another as a reference, was sensitively detected with the PHI. The nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and vitamin mixture separated via micro-HPLC was successfully detected with the PHI as well as a UV detector. The detection limit of the PHI for riboflavin in the absorbance units was 77 times better than that of the commercial UV detector. The detection limit of the PHI with a small flow cell (6 nL) was the same as that with a large flow cell (18 nL) for 1-nitropyrene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Isoda
- Department of Molecular and Material Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Makoto Fukuma
- Department of Molecular and Material Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Akira Harata
- Department of Molecular and Material Sciences, Kyushu University
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Chouhan B, Dasgupta PK. Direct Photothermal Measurement of Optical Absorption in a Flow System. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2923-2931. [PMID: 30649852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe here a simple photothermal detection scheme in a flow stream based on the temperature difference upstream and downstream of the point of illumination. We use a single, two-junction 25 μm diameter thermocouple to measure the temperature change. The baseline standard deviation in the dark is ∼0.001 °C that increases up to 0.0016 °C depending on the illumination source. We demonstrate the detection of several chromatographically separated dyes both with a 1.5 mm and a 0.1 mm i.d. detection cell, respectively, with a white LED and a solid-state laser source. With an inexpensive 660 nm, 19 mW laser as the light source, the estimated detection limit for methylene blue (MB) was 30 nM, corresponding to 120 amol in the illuminated volume. The dimerization constant of MB and the quantum efficiency of the monomer was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikash Chouhan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington , Texas 76019-0065 , United States
| | - Purnendu K Dasgupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington , Texas 76019-0065 , United States
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Maceiczyk RM, Hess D, Chiu FWY, Stavrakis S, deMello AJ. Differential detection photothermal spectroscopy: towards ultra-fast and sensitive label-free detection in picoliter & femtoliter droplets. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:3654-3663. [PMID: 28967022 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00946a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the growing importance of droplet-based microfluidics in high-throughput experimentation, few current methods allow the sensitive measurement of absorbance within rapidly moving droplets. To address this significant limitation, we herein present the application of differential detection photothermal interferometry (DDPI) for single-point absorbance quantification in pL- and fL-volume droplets. To assess the efficacy of our approach, we initially measure absorbance in 100 pL droplets at frequencies in excess of 1 kHz and determine a detection limit of 1.4 μmol L-1 for Erythrosin B (A = 3.8 × 10-4). Subsequently, we apply the method to the analysis of fL-volume droplets and droplets generated at frequencies in excess of 10 kHz. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of DDPI as a detection scheme for colorimetric assays. Specifically, we extract the Michaelis-Menten constant for the reaction of β-galactosidase and chlorophenol-red-β-d-galactopyranoside and monitor the metabolomic activity of a population of HL-60 cells at the single cell level. Results establish single-point absorbance detection as a powerful, sensitive and rapid alternative to fluorescence for a wide range of assays within segmented flows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M Maceiczyk
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Pfeiffer SA, Nagl S. On-Chip Photothermal Analyte Detection Using Integrated Luminescent Temperature Sensors. Anal Chem 2017; 89:9400-9406. [PMID: 28753273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Optical absorbance detection based on attenuated light transmission is limited in sensitivity due to short path lengths in microfluidic and other miniaturized platforms. An alternative is detection using the photothermal effect. Herein we introduce a new kind of photothermal absorbance measurement using integrated luminescent temperature sensor spots inside microfluidic channels. The temperature sensors were photopolymerized inside the channels from NOA 81 UV-curable thiolene prepolymer doped with a tris(1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) temperature probe. The polymerized sensing structures were as small as 26 ± 3 μm in diameter and displayed a temperature resolution of better than 0.3 K between 20 and 50 °C. The absorbance from 532 nm laser excitation of the food dye Amaranth as a model analyte was quantified using these spots, and the influence of the flow rate, laser power, and concentration was investigated. Calibration yielded a linear relationship between analyte concentration and the temperature signal in the channels. The limit of detection for the azo-dye Amaranth (E123) in this setup was 13 μM. A minimal detectable absorbance of 3.2 × 10-3 AU was obtained using an optical path length of 125 μm in this initial study. A microreactor with integrated temperature sensors was then employed for an absorbance-based miniaturized nitrite analysis, yielding a detection limit of 26 μM at a total assay time of only 75 s. This technique is very promising for sensitive, and potentially spatially resolved, optical absorbance detection on the micro- and nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon A Pfeiffer
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, Universität Leipzig , Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Nagl
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, Universität Leipzig , Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Multi-wavelength thermal-lens spectrometry for high-accuracy measurements of absorptivities and quantum yields of photodegradation of a hemoprotein–lipid complex. ARAB J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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10
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Maceiczyk R, Shimizu H, Müller D, Kitamori T, deMello A. A Photothermal Spectrometer for Fast and Background-Free Detection of Individual Nanoparticles in Flow. Anal Chem 2017; 89:1994-1999. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Maceiczyk
- Institute
for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied
Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hisashi Shimizu
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - David Müller
- Institute
for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied
Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Centre Suisse d’Electronique et de Microtechnique (CSEM), Bahnhofstrasse 1, 7302 Landquart, Switzerland
| | - Takehiko Kitamori
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Andrew deMello
- Institute
for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied
Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Wayland HA, Boury SN, Chhetri BP, Brandt A, Proskurnin MA, Filichkina VA, Zharov VP, Biris AS, Ghosh A. Advanced Cellulosic Materials for Treatment and Detection of Industrial Contaminants in Wastewater. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hunter A. Wayland
- Department of Chemistry; University of Arkansas at Little Rock; 2801 S. University Ave. Little Rock, AR 72204 United States
| | - Susan N. Boury
- Department of Chemistry; University of Arkansas at Little Rock; 2801 S. University Ave. Little Rock, AR 72204 United States
| | - Bijay P. Chhetri
- Department of Chemistry; University of Arkansas at Little Rock; 2801 S. University Ave. Little Rock, AR 72204 United States
| | - Andrew Brandt
- Department of Chemistry; University of Arkansas at Little Rock; 2801 S. University Ave. Little Rock, AR 72204 United States
| | - Mikhail A. Proskurnin
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; Chemistry Department; Leninskie Gory 1, str. 3 Moscow 119991 Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS; Leninski prosp 4 Moscow 119049 Russia
| | - Vera A. Filichkina
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS; Leninski prosp 4 Moscow 119049 Russia
| | - Vladimir P. Zharov
- Arkansas Nanomedicine Center; University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences; 4301 W. Markham St. Little Rock, AR 72204 United States
| | - Alexandru S. Biris
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences; University of Arkansas at Little Rock; 2801 S. University Ave. Little Rock, AR 72204 United States
| | - Anindya Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry; University of Arkansas at Little Rock; 2801 S. University Ave. Little Rock, AR 72204 United States
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Proskurnin MA, Bendrysheva SN, Smirnova AP. Thermal lens spectrometry in electromigration methods of analysis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934816050105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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FRANKO M, LIU M, BOŠKIN A, DELNERI A, PROSKURNIN MA. Fast Screening Techniques for Neurotoxigenic Substances and Other Toxicants and Pollutants Based on Thermal Lensing and Microfluidic Chips. ANAL SCI 2016; 32:23-30. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.32.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mladen FRANKO
- University of Nova Gorica, Laboratory for Environmental Research
| | - Mingqiang LIU
- University of Nova Gorica, Laboratory for Environmental Research
| | - Aleš BOŠKIN
- University of Nova Gorica, Laboratory for Environmental Research
| | - Ambra DELNERI
- University of Nova Gorica, Laboratory for Environmental Research
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