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Li Y, Xu G, Chen J, Yu T, Miao P, Du Y. One-step synthesis of chiral molecularly imprinted polymer TiO 2 nanoparticles for enantioseparation of phenylalanine in coated capillary electrochromatography. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:279. [PMID: 37391671 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05854-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel chiral molecularly imprinted polymer TiO2 nanoparticle was synthesized in one step for the enantioseparation of phenylalanine in coated capillary electrochromatography. To the author's knowledge, the chiral molecularly imprinted nanomaterials have still not been reported, to date. Chiral molecularly imprinted TiO2 nanomaterials (L-PHE@MIP(APTES-TEOS)@TiO2) were used as a chiral stationary phase to separate the phenylalanine enantiomers in coated capillary electrochromatography (CEC). The imprinted coating was prepared from L-phenylalanine (L-PHE) as the template, TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) as the support substrate, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as the functional monomer, and tetraethyl silicate (TEOS) as the cross-linker. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used for the characterization of the L-PHE@MIP(APTES-TEOS)@TiO2@capillary. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed for the characterization of the L-PHE@MIP(APTES-TEOS)@TiO2. The effects of the applied voltage, pH value, buffer concentration, and acetonitrile content were investigated experimentally to determine the optimum conditions for CEC. The best resolution for phenylalanine enantiomers by CEC reached a value of 3.48. In addition, the specific recognition effect of L-PHE@MIP(APTES-TEOS)@TiO2 on PHE enantiomers was studied by selective experiment. Finally, adsorption kinetic research, adsorption equilibrium isotherm study, and adsorption thermodynamic experiment were carried out to investigate the separation mechanism of PHE enantiomers with the L-PHE@MIP (APTES-TEOS)@TiO2@capillary, and the results were consistent with those of CEC experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Jiangsu, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangfu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Jiangsu, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaquan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Jiangsu, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Jiangsu, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pandeng Miao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Jiangsu, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxiang Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Jiangsu, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao M, Li Z, Li X, Xie H, Zhao Q, Zhao M. Molecular imprinting of doxorubicin by refolding thermally denatured bovine serum albumin and cross-linking with hydrogel network. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.105036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Bouvarel T, Delaunay N, Pichon V. Molecularly imprinted polymers in miniaturized extraction and separation devices. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:1727-1751. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202001223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bouvarel
- Laboratoire des Sciences Analytiques, Bioanalytiques et Miniaturisation—UMR Chimie Biologie Innovation 8231, ESPCI Paris, CNRS PSL University Paris 75005 France
| | - Nathalie Delaunay
- Laboratoire des Sciences Analytiques, Bioanalytiques et Miniaturisation—UMR Chimie Biologie Innovation 8231, ESPCI Paris, CNRS PSL University Paris 75005 France
| | - Valérie Pichon
- Laboratoire des Sciences Analytiques, Bioanalytiques et Miniaturisation—UMR Chimie Biologie Innovation 8231, ESPCI Paris, CNRS PSL University Paris 75005 France
- Sorbonne Université Paris 75005 France
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de Koster N, Clark CP, Kohler I. Past, present, and future developments in enantioselective analysis using capillary electromigration techniques. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:38-57. [PMID: 32914880 PMCID: PMC7821218 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Enantioseparation of chiral products has become increasingly important in a large diversity of academic and industrial applications. The separation of chiral compounds is inherently challenging and thus requires a suitable analytical technique that can achieve high resolution and sensitivity. In this context, CE has shown remarkable results so far. Chiral CE offers an orthogonal enantioselectivity and is typically considered less costly than chromatographic techniques, since only minute amounts of chiral selectors are needed. Several CE approaches have been developed for chiral analysis, including chiral EKC and chiral CEC. Enantioseparations by EKC benefit from the wide variety of possible pseudostationary phases that can be employed. Chiral CEC, on the other hand, combines chromatographic separation principles with the bulk fluid movement of CE, benefitting from reduced band broadening as compared to pressure-driven systems. Although UV detection is conventionally used for these approaches, MS can also be considered. CE-MS represents a promising alternative due to the increased sensitivity and selectivity, enabling the chiral analysis of complex samples. The potential contamination of the MS ion source in EKC-MS can be overcome using partial-filling and counter-migration techniques. However, chiral analysis using monolithic and open-tubular CEC-MS awaits additional method validation and a dedicated commercial interface. Further efforts in chiral CE are expected toward the improvement of existing techniques, the development of novel pseudostationary phases, and establishing the use of chiral ionic liquids, molecular imprinted polymers, and metal-organic frameworks. These developments will certainly foster the adoption of CE(-MS) as a well-established technique in routine chiral analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky de Koster
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of Systems Biomedicine and PharmacologyLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Charles P. Clark
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of Systems Biomedicine and PharmacologyLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Kohler
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Zhang X, Gao L, Niu L, Bi X. Microwave-assisted preparation of a molecularly imprinted monolith combining an imidazolium ionic liquid and POSS for enhanced extraction of baicalin-like compounds in Scutellaria baicalensis by means of in-capillary SPME followed by on-line LC and off-line LC-MS/MS. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj06254e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
An imidazolium-type ionic liquid and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane were combined to produce an imprinted monolith in capillary endowed with wide selectivity to enrich baicalin and its analogues for analysis by multidimensional LC systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Zhang
- School of Materia Medica
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
- Hebei
- China
| | - Le Gao
- Department of Experiment Center
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
- Hebei
- China
- Hebei Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule Technology Innovation Center
| | - Liying Niu
- School of Materia Medica
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
- Hebei
- China
- Hebei Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule Technology Innovation Center
| | - Xiaodong Bi
- School of Materia Medica
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
- Hebei
- China
- Hebei Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule Technology Innovation Center
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Bouvarel T, Delaunay N, Pichon V. Selective extraction of cocaine from biological samples with a miniaturized monolithic molecularly imprinted polymer and on-line analysis in nano-liquid chromatography. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1096:89-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Recent advances in preparation and applications of monolithic chiral stationary phases. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Pichon
- Laboratoire des Sciences Analytiques, Bioanalytiques et Miniaturisation-UMR Chimie Biologie Innovation 8231, ESPCI Paris, CNRS , PSL* Research University , 10 rue Vauquelin , 75005 Paris , France.,Sorbonne Université , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Nathalie Delaunay
- Laboratoire des Sciences Analytiques, Bioanalytiques et Miniaturisation-UMR Chimie Biologie Innovation 8231, ESPCI Paris, CNRS , PSL* Research University , 10 rue Vauquelin , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Audrey Combès
- Laboratoire des Sciences Analytiques, Bioanalytiques et Miniaturisation-UMR Chimie Biologie Innovation 8231, ESPCI Paris, CNRS , PSL* Research University , 10 rue Vauquelin , 75005 Paris , France
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Sánchez-González J, Peña-Gallego Á, Sanmartín J, Bermejo AM, Bermejo-Barrera P, Moreda-Piñeiro A. NMR spectroscopy for assessing cocaine-functional monomer interactions when preparing molecularly imprinted polymers. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.03.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sánchez-González J, Odoardi S, Bermejo AM, Bermejo-Barrera P, Romolo FS, Moreda-Piñeiro A, Strano-Rossi S. HPLC-MS/MS combined with membrane-protected molecularly imprinted polymer micro-solid-phase extraction for synthetic cathinones monitoring in urine. Drug Test Anal 2018; 11:33-44. [PMID: 29962002 DOI: 10.1002/dta.2448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic cathinones are a type of drug belonging to group of new psychoactive substances (NPSs). The illicit market for these substances is characterized by the continuous introduction to the market of new analogs to evade legislation and to avoid detection. New screening and confirmation assays are therefore needed, mainly in forensic/clinical samples. In the current development, a porous membrane-protected, micro-solid-phase extraction (μ-SPE) has been developed for the assessment of several cathinones in urine. The μ-SPE device consisted of a cone-shaped polypropylene (PP) porous membrane containing the adsorbent (molecularly imprinted polymers, MIPs, synthesized for the first time for this class of drugs). MIPs were prepared using ethylone and 3-methylmethcathinone (3-MMC) as templates, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a functional monomer, divinylbenzene (DVB) as a cross-linker, and 2,2´-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. The prepared ethylone-based MIP and 3-MMC-based MIP have been fully characterized and evaluated as new selective adsorbents for μ-SPE. Cathinones separation/determination was performed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Optimum loading conditions (pH 5.0, loading for 4.0 minutes under orbital-horizontal shaking at 200 rpm) and elution conditions [2.0 mL of 75:20:5 heptane/2-propanol/ammonium hydroxide and ultrasounds assistance (37 kHz, 325 W) for 4.0 minutes] were found for ethylone-based MIP. Validation (intra-day and inter-day precision and analytical recovery) showed RSD values lower than 9 and 10% for intra-day and inter-day precision, and within the 88%-101% range for intra-day and inter-day analytical recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sánchez-González
- Group of Trace Elements, Spectroscopy, and Speciation (GETEE), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Institute of Public Health, Section of Legal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Odoardi
- Institute of Public Health, Section of Legal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Ana María Bermejo
- Department of Pathologic Anatomy and Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pilar Bermejo-Barrera
- Group of Trace Elements, Spectroscopy, and Speciation (GETEE), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francesco Saverio Romolo
- Group of Trace Elements, Spectroscopy, and Speciation (GETEE), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Moreda-Piñeiro
- Group of Trace Elements, Spectroscopy, and Speciation (GETEE), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sabina Strano-Rossi
- Institute of Public Health, Section of Legal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Sánchez-González J, Odoardi S, Bermejo AM, Bermejo-Barrera P, Romolo FS, Moreda-Piñeiro A, Strano-Rossi S. Development of a micro-solid-phase extraction molecularly imprinted polymer technique for synthetic cannabinoids assessment in urine followed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1550:8-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Affinity Capillary Electrochromatography of Molecularly Imprinted Thin Layers Grafted onto Silica Capillaries Using a Surface-Bound Azo-Initiator and Living Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10020192. [PMID: 30966228 PMCID: PMC6415351 DOI: 10.3390/polym10020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted thin layers were prepared in silica capillaries by using two different surface polymerization strategies, the first using 4,4'-azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid) as a surface-coupled radical initiator, and the second, S-carboxypropyl-S'-benzyltrithiocarbonate as a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent in combination with 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile as a free radical initiator. The ability to generate imprinted thin layers was tested on two different polymerization systems: (i) a 4-vinylpyridine/ethylene dimethacrylate (4VP-EDMA) in methanol-water solution with 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) as a template; and (ii) methacrylic acid/ethylene dimethacrylate (MAA-EDMA) in a chloroform solution with warfarin as the template molecule. The binding properties of the imprinted capillaries were studied and compared with those of the corresponding non-imprinted polymer coated capillaries by injecting the template molecule and by measuring its migration times relative to a neutral and non-retained marker. The role of running buffer hydrophobicity on recognition was investigated by studying the influence of varying buffer acetonitrile concentration. The 2,4,5-T-imprinted capillary showed molecular recognition based on a reversed phase mechanism, with a decrease of the template recognition in the presence of higher acetonitrile content; whereas warfarin-imprinted capillaries showed a bell-shaped trend upon varying the acetonitrile percentage, illustrating different mechanisms underlying imprinted polymer-ligand recognition. Importantly, the results demonstrated the validity of affinity capillary electrochromatography (CEC) to screen the binding properties of imprinted layers.
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Jia M, Yang J, Sun YK, Bai X, Wu T, Liu ZS, Aisa HA. Improvement of imprinting effect of ionic liquid molecularly imprinted polymers by use of a molecular crowding agent. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 410:595-604. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0760-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yang S, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Li S, Liu W. Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for the Identification and Separation of Chiral Drugs and Biomolecules. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E216. [PMID: 30979312 PMCID: PMC6432457 DOI: 10.3390/polym8060216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly imprinting polymers (MIPs) have been extensively applied in chromatography for the separation of chiral drugs. In this review, we mainly summarize recent developments of various MIPs used as chiral stationary phases (CSPs) in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary electrochromatography (CEC), and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). Among them, HPLC has the advantages of straightforward operation and high selectivity. However, the low separation efficiency, due to slow interaction kinetics and heavy peak broadening, is the main challenge for the application of MIPs in HPLC. On the other hand, CEC possesses both the high selectivity of HPLC and the high efficiency of capillary electrophoresis. In CEC, electroosmotic flow is formed across the entire column and reduces the heavy peak broadening observed in HPLC mode. SFC can modify the low interaction kinetics in HPLC when supercritical fluids are utilized as mobile phases. If SFC and MIP-based CSPs can be well combined, better separation performance can be achieved. Particles, monoliths and membrane are typical formats of MIPs. Traditional MIP particles produced by bulk polymerization have been replaced by MIP particles by surface imprinting technology, which are highly consistent in size and shape. Monolithic MIPs are prepared by in situ method in a column, greatly shortening the pre-preparation time. Some novel materials, such as magnetic nanoparticles, are integrated into the MIPs to enhance the controllability and efficiency of the polymerization. This review will be helpful to guide the preparation, development, and application of MIPs in chromatographic and electrophoretic enantioseparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Yang
- Nano Structural Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Nano Structural Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yingda Jiang
- Nano Structural Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shuang Li
- Nano Structural Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Nano Structural Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China.
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Wu Y, Zhang W, Chen Y, Chen Z. Electroosmotic pump-supported molecularly imprinted monolithic column for capillary chromatographic separation of nitrophenol isomers. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:2881-7. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education; Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Wenpeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education; Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education; Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Zilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education; Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Wuhan P. R. China
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Recent Advances and Uses of Monolithic Columns for the Analysis of Residues and Contaminants in Food. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/chromatography2010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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