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Shen Y, Zhai P, Xi P, Chen C, Mou F, Li F, Zhang J. Identification of new trace related impurities in adenosine products using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2019; 33:1739-1750. [PMID: 31146299 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Adenosine can induce various physiopathological effects and has been adopted as a drug to treat certain forms of supraventricular tachycardia. Adenosine is predominantly produced via fermentation that may generate many other bioactive compounds with similar structures at trace levels. Thus, it is necessary to identify these trace structurally related impurities. A new method using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS/MS) is proposed to separate complex components at trace amounts; to obtain accurate mass measurements providing the elemental composition of unknown compounds; and MS/MS spectra for elucidation of structures. METHODS A UHPLC/QTOF-MS method was developed to separate and detect trace related impurities with structures similar to adenosine in formation samples. MS and MS/MS spectra of the impurities detected in real samples were acquired and used to propose their structures. Available reference standards were used to confirm the identification of some of the impurities detected. RESULTS Nine trace impurities of adenosine were separated and characterized. Of these nine, five were confirmed as 5'-adenylic acid, hypoxanthine, inosine, adenine, and 2'-deoxyadenosine by comparison with their available reference standards. The remaining four were proposed to be ADP-ribose, two S-epimers of 5'-deoxy-5'-methylsulfinyl adenosine, and 3'-α-glucosyl adenosine based on their MS and MS/MS spectra, and available literature. Additionally, the MS/MS fingerprints of the monosaccharide glycosyl groups were discovered and discussed. CONCLUSIONS A UHPLC/QTOF-MS method was established and used for the separation and characterization of nine trace related impurities of adenosine. Their structures were identified based on the MS and MS/MS spectra and retention times. In addition, the specific MS/MS fingerprints of the monosaccharide glycosyl moieties of the adenosine impurity analogs were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeming Shen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peilu Zhai
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengxuan Xi
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fangjing Mou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fuxin Li
- Jiyuan Branch, Henan Tobacco Corporation, 38 Huanghe Road, 459000, Jiyuan, China
| | - Jianye Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
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Gökaltun A, Tuncel A. Post-polymerization modification of a new reactive monolith for reversed phase and hydrophilic interaction capillary electrochromatography of neutral, polar, and biologically active compounds. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aslıhan Gökaltun
- Hacettepe University; Chemical Engineering Department; Ankara 06532 Turkey
| | - Ali Tuncel
- Hacettepe University; Chemical Engineering Department; Ankara 06532 Turkey
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Al-Massaedh “AA, Pyell U. Mixed-Mode Acrylamide-Based Continuous Beds Bearing tert-Butyl Groups for Capillary Electrochromatography Synthesized Via Complexation of N-tert-Butylacrylamide with a Water-Soluble Cyclodextrin. Part II: Effect of Capillary Size and Polymerization Conditions on Morphology and Chromatographic Efficiency. Chromatographia 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-017-3408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Lu Z, Wang Q, Wang M, Fu S, Zhang Q, Zhang Z, Zhao H, Liu Y, Huang Z, Xie Z, Yu H, Gao X. Using UHPLC Q-Trap/MS as a complementary technique to in-depth mine UPLC Q-TOF/MS data for identifying modified nucleosides in urine. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1051:108-117. [PMID: 28340480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Modified nucleosides, metabolites of RNA, are potential biomarkers of cancer before the appearance of morphological abnormalities. It is of great significance to comprehensively detect and identify nucleosides in human urine for discovery of cancer biomarkers. However, the lower abundance, the greater polarity and the matrix effects make it difficult to detect urinary nucleosides. In this paper, an integrated method consisted of sample preparation followed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC Q-TOF/MS) detection and primary identification, then ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer (UHPLC Q-Trap/MS) further identification and validation were introduced. Firstly, to enrich the nucleosides and eliminate the urine matrix effects, different sorbent materials of solid phase extraction (SPE) and the elution conditions were screened. Secondly, UPLC Q-TOF/MS was used to acquire mass data in MSE mode. The structural formulas of nucleosides in urine sample were primarily identified according to retention time, accurate mass precursor ions and fragment ions from in-house database and online database. Thirdly, the preliminary identified nucleoside structures lacking of characteristic fragment ions were verified by UHPLC Q-Trap/MS in multiple reaction monitoring trigger enhanced product ion scan (MRM-EPI) and neutral loss scan (NL). At last, phenylboronic acid (PBA)-based SPE was utilized due to its higher MS signal and weaker matrix effects under optimized extraction conditions. Fifty-five nucleosides were primarily identified by UPLC Q-TOF/MS, among which 50 nucleosides were confirmed by UHPLC Q-Trap/MS. Five nucleosides, namely 4',5'-didehydro-5'-deoxyadenosine, 4',5'-didehydro-5'-deoxyinosine, isonicotinamide riboside, peroxywybutosine and hydroxywybutosine, were found from urine for the first time. The results will expand the Human Metabolome Database (HMDB).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Lu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, PR China.
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, PR China.
| | - Meiling Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, PR China.
| | - Shuang Fu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, PR China.
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, PR China.
| | - Zhixin Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, PR China.
| | - Huizhen Zhao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, PR China.
| | - Yuehong Liu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, PR China.
| | - Zhenhai Huang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, PR China.
| | - Ziye Xie
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, PR China.
| | - Honghong Yu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyan Gao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South of Wangjing Middle Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, PR China.
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Al-Massaedh “AA, Pyell U. Mixed-mode acrylamide-based continuous beds bearing tert -butyl groups for capillary electrochromatography synthesized via complexation of N - tert -butylacrylamide with a water-soluble cyclodextrin. Part I: Retention properties. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1477:114-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Fan H, Chen P, Wang C, Wei Y. Zirconium-doped magnetic microspheres for the selective enrichment of cis-diol-containing ribonucleosides. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1448:20-31. [PMID: 27130580 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Zirconium-doped magnetic microspheres (Zr-Fe3O4) for the selective enrichment of cis-diol-containing biomolecules were easily synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method. Characterization of the microspheres revealed that zirconium was successfully doped into the lattice of Fe3O4 at a doping level of 4.0 at%. Zr-Fe3O4 possessed good magnetic properties and high specificity towards cis-diol molecules, as shown using 28 compounds. For ribonucleosides, the adsorbent not only has favorable anti-interferential abilities but also has a high adsorption capacity up to 159.4μmol/g. As an example of a real application, four ribonucleosides in urine were efficiently enriched and detected via magnetic solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the detection limits were determined to be between 0.005 and 0.017μg/mL, and the linearities ranged from 0.02 to 5.00μg/mL (R≥0.996) for these analytes. The accuracy of the analytical method was examined by studying the relative recoveries of the analytes in real urine samples, with recoveries varying from 77.8% to 119.6% (RSDs<10.6%, n=6). The results indicate that Zr-Fe3O4 is a suitable adsorbent for the analysis of cis-diol-containing biomolecules in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Fan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Material Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Peihong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Material Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Chaozhan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Material Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Yinmao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Material Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China.
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