On-line concentration and pressurized capillary electrochromatography analysis of five β-agonists in human urine using a methacrylate monolithic column

A highly selective and simple fluorescent probe for salbutamol detection based on thioglycolic acid-capped CdTe quantum dots

In this paper, a highly fluorescent water-soluble CdTe quantum dots (CdTe QDs) stabilized with thioglycolic acid (TGA) were synthesized for the quantitative and selective determination of salbutamol (SAL). When ten different of 2.09 × 10^-6 mol L^-1 alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist were added to 4.38 × 10^-4 mol L^-1CdTe QDs solution, the fluorescence signal of the CdTe QDs quenched obviously by SAL with 57.32% and 0.815% - 7.00% for other nine kinds of veterinary medicine, such as tulobuterol, fenoterol, phenylethanamine A, simatero, penbutolol, clenbuterol, ractopamine, terbutaline and clorprenaline. The result shows that the CdTe QDs is highly sensitive sensor for SAL. The quenching mechanism has been investigated by absorption spectroscopy and K_SV at different temperatures, and shew a static quenching process than dynamic quenching. Under the optimal conditions, respectively the straight line equation (F₀/F = 0.1491 × 10⁶ C + 1.3078) was found between the relative fluorescence intensity and the concentration of SAL was in the range of 6.27 × 10^-8 to 2.09 × 10^-7 mol L^-1, and the limit of detection was 4.2 × 10^-8 mol L^-1. The proposed method has been applied to the determination of SAL in pig urine samples.

Current Trends in Cancer Biomarker Discovery Using Urinary Metabolomics: Achievements and New Challenges

BACKGROUND

The development of effective screening methods for early cancer detection is one of the foremost challenges facing modern cancer research. Urinary metabolomics has recently emerged as a potentially transformative approach to cancer biomarker discovery owing to its noninvasive sampling characteristics and robust analytical feasibility.

OBJECTIVE

To provide an overview of new developments in urinary metabolomics, cover the most promising aspects of hyphenated techniques in untargeted and targeted metabolomics, and to discuss technical and clinical limitations in addition to the emerging challenges in the field of urinary metabolomics and its application to cancer biomarker discovery.

METHODS

A systematic review of research conducted in the past five years on the application of urinary metabolomics to cancer biomarker discovery was performed. Given the breadth of this topic, our review focused on the five most widely studied cancers employing urinary metabolomics approaches, including lung, breast, bladder, prostate, and ovarian cancers.

RESULTS

As an extension of conventional metabolomics, urinary metabolomics has benefitted from recent technological developments in nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, gas and liquid chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis that have improved urine metabolome coverage and analytical reproducibility. Extensive metabolic profiling in urine has revealed a significant number of altered metabolic pathways and putative biomarkers, including pteridines, modified nucleosides, and acylcarnitines, that have been associated with cancer development and progression.

CONCLUSION

Urinary metabolomics presents a transformative new approach toward cancer biomarker discovery with high translational capacity to early cancer screening.