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Masuduzzaman M, Bakli C, Barisik M, Kim B. Applied Electric Field Effects on Diffusivity and Electrical Double-Layer Thickness. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2404397. [PMID: 39177143 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202404397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
This study utilizes molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and continuum frameworks to explore electroosmotic flow (EOF) in nanoconfined aqueous electrolytes, offering a promising alternative to conventional micro-/nanofluidic systems. Although osmotic behavior in these environments is deeply linked to local fluid properties and interfacial dynamics between the fluid and electrolyte solutions, achieving a complete molecular-level understanding has remained challenging. The findings establish a linear relationship between electric field strength and fluid velocity, uncovering two distinct transport regimes separated by a critical threshold, with a markedly intensified flow in the second regime. It is demonstrated that rising electric field strengths significantly enhance water diffusion coefficients, supported by a detailed analysis of fluid hydration structures, the potential of mean force (PMF), and local stress tensors. Due to the applied electric field strength, the motion of ions and water accelerates, leading to the redistribution of ions and intensification of electrostatic forces. This expands the thickness of the electric double layer (EDL) and amplifies fluid diffusivity, thereby enhancing nanoscale fluid activity. These insights enhance the molecular-level understanding of EOF and define the stability of flow regimes, providing valuable guidelines for advancing nanofluidic technologies, such as drug delivery systems and lab-on-a-chip devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Masuduzzaman
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Namgu, Ulsan, 680749, South Korea
| | - Chirodeep Bakli
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Murat Barisik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, TN, 37403, USA
| | - BoHung Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Namgu, Ulsan, 680749, South Korea
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2
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Tabarhoseini SM, Bentor J, Johnson W, Tzeng TR, Xuan X. Effects of Tween 20 addition on electrokinetic transport in a polydimethylsiloxane microchannel. Electrophoresis 2024. [PMID: 38509871 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202400024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Tween 20 is frequently added to particle suspensions for reducing the particle-wall adhesion and particle-particle aggregation in microfluidic devices. However, the influences of Tween 20 on the fluid and particle behaviors have been largely ignored. We present in this work the first experimental study of the effects of Tween 20 addition on the electrokinetic transport of fluids and particles in a polydimethylsiloxane microchannel. We find that adding 0.1% v/v Tween 20 to a buffer solution can significantly reduce the electroosmotic mobility as well as the electrokinetic and electrophoretic mobilities of polystyrene particles and yeast cells. Further increasing the Tween 20 concentration within the range typically used in microfluidic applications continues reducing these mobility values, but at a smaller rate. Our finding suggests that Tween 20 should be used with care in electrokinetic microdevices when the flow rate or particle/cell throughput is an important parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Bentor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Walter Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Tzuen-Rong Tzeng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Xiangchun Xuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
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3
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Bentor J, Xuan X. Particle Size-Dependent Electrophoresis in Polymer Solutions. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 38321932 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
It has long been known that the electrophoretic velocity of a charged particle is independent of its size under the thin-Debye-layer limit. This so-called Smoluchowski velocity is, however, valid only for Newtonian fluids. A couple of recent theoretical studies predict the rheology-induced particle size dependence of electrophoresis in non-Newtonian fluids. This work presents the first experimental demonstration of such dependence in viscoelastic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) solutions. Three different-sized particles are observed to travel at the same electrophoretic velocity in a Newtonian buffer through a rectangular microchannel. In contrast, their measured electrophoretic velocities in the PEO solution exhibit an increasing trend for larger particles, which is consistent with theoretical prediction. This particle size dependence is found to grow with an increasing concentration or length of the PEO polymer. Both trends are attributed to enhanced fluid elasticity, as characterized by the increasing elasticity number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Bentor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0921, United States
| | - Xiangchun Xuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0921, United States
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4
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Mehta SK, Mondal PK. Vortex-assisted electroosmotic mixing of Carreau fluid in a microchannel. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:1629-1636. [PMID: 36807917 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Pertaining to the mixing of the non-Newtonian Carreau fluid under electrokinetic actuation inside a plane microchannel, we propose a new design of micromixer that involves inserting a two-part cylinder bearing zeta potential of the same sign but different magnitude in the upstream and downstream directions. We numerically solve the transport equations to predict the underlying mixing characteristics. We demonstrate that a substantial momentum difference between the microchannel's plane wall and cylinder leads to the development of a vortex in the flow pathway, which in turn, enhances mixing substantially. As shown, for a fluid having a highly shear-thinning nature, the vortex-assisted convection mixing strength increases with diffusivity of the candidate fluids. Moreover, it is shown that for the higher shear-thinning nature of the candidate fluid, an increase in cylinder radius enhances mixing efficiency and flow rate simultaneously, resulting in a "quick and efficient" mixing condition. Additionally, the fluid rheology significantly alters the kinetics of shear-induced binary aggregation. Our findings show that the shear-induced aggregation characteristic time sharply increases with increasing shear-thinning behavior of the fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar Mehta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Pranab Kumar Mondal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
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5
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Raihan MK, Baghdady M, Dort H, Bentor J, Xuan X. Fluid Elasticity-Enhanced Insulator-Based Dielectrophoresis for Sheath-Free Particle Focusing in Very Dilute Polymer Solutions. Anal Chem 2023; 95:16013-16020. [PMID: 37856245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Focusing particles into a narrow stream is usually a necessary step in microfluidic flow cytometry and particle sorting. We demonstrate that the addition of a small amount of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) polymer into a buffer solution can reduce by almost 1 order of magnitude the threshold DC electric field for single-line dielectrophoretic focusing of particles in a constricted microchannel. The particle focusing effectiveness of this fluid elasticity-enhanced insulator-based dielectrophoresis (E-iDEP) in very dilute PEO solutions gets enhanced with the increase of the PEO molecular weight and particle size. These two trends are consistent with a theoretical analysis that accounts for the fluid elasticity effects on the electrokinetic and dielectrophoretic particle motions. Surprisingly, the particle-focusing effectiveness of E-iDEP is observed to first increase and then decrease with an increase in the PEO concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmud Kamal Raihan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Micah Baghdady
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Heston Dort
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Joseph Bentor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Xiangchun Xuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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6
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Lu Y, Tan W, Liu Z, Mu S, Zhu G. Degeneration of flow pattern in acousto-elastic flow through sharp-edge microchannels. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 95:106390. [PMID: 37003213 PMCID: PMC10457586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic streaming (AS) is the steady time-averaged flow generated by acoustic field, which has been widely used in enhancing mixing and particle manipulation. Current researches on acoustic streaming mainly focus on Newtonian fluids, while many biological and chemical solutions exhibit non-Newtonian properties. The acoustic streaming in viscoelastic fluids has been studied experimentally for the first time in this paper. We found that the addition of polyethylene oxide (PEO) polymer to the Newtonian fluid significantly altered the flow characteristics in the microchannel. The resulting acousto-elastic flow showed two modes: positive mode and negative mode. Specifically, the viscoelastic fluids under acousto-elastic flow exhibit mixing hysteresis features at low flow rates, and degeneration of flow pattern at high flow rates. Through quantitative analysis, the degeneration of flow pattern is further summarized as time fluctuation and spatial disturbance range reduction. The positive mode in acousto-elastic flow can be used for the mixing enhancement of viscoelastic fluids in the micromixer, while the negative mode provides a potential method for particle/cell manipulation in viscoelastic body fluids such as saliva by suppressing unstable flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Wei Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China; Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - Zhifang Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Shuoshuo Mu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Guorui Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China; Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China.
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7
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Mahapatra B, Bandopadhyay A. Effect of skimming layer in an electroosmotically driven viscoelastic fluid flow over charge modulated walls. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:724-731. [PMID: 34748645 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a numerical study on the effect of the skimming layer in an EOF of Oldroyd-B fluid over charge modulated walls. Three types of flow conditions were identified on the basis of the relative thickness of the skimming layer and the electrical double layer. We observe maximum slip velocity magnitude when the skimming layer thickness is very less than the thickness of the electrical double layer. For higher skimming layer thickness compared to the thickness of electrical double layer, slip velocity magnitude attenuates, and the polymeric stress inside the skimming layer becomes zero. Enhanced fluid elasticity generates asymmetric flow structures inside the microchannel, which can also be achieved by imposing an asymmetric surface charge along the channel walls. Our present analysis highlights the complex flow dynamics of the EOF of biofluids/polymeric fluids with a near-wall region depleted of macro-molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimalendu Mahapatra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Aditya Bandopadhyay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
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8
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Bentor J, Raihan MK, McNeely C, Liu Z, Song Y, Xuan X. Fluid rheological effects on streaming dielectrophoresis in a post-array microchannel. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:717-723. [PMID: 34657307 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated the strong influences of fluid rheological properties on insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) in single-constriction microchannels. However, it is yet to be understood how iDEP in non-Newtonian fluids depends on the geometry of insulating structures. We report in this work an experimental study of fluid rheological effects on streaming DEP in a post-array microchannel that presents multiple contractions and expansions. The iDEP focusing and trapping of particles in a viscoelastic polyethylene oxide solution are comparable to those in a Newtonian buffer, which is consistent with the observations in a single-constriction microchannel. Similarly, the insignificant iDEP effects in a shear-thinning xanthan gum solution also agree with those in the single-constriction channel except that gel-like structures are observed to only form in the post-array microchannel under large DC electric fields. In contrast, the iDEP effects in both viscoelastic and shear-thinning polyacrylamide solution are significantly weaker than in the single-constriction channel. Moreover, instabilities occur in the electroosmotic flow and appear to be only dependent on the DC electric field. These phenomena may be associated with the dynamics of polymers as they are electrokinetically advected around and through the posts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Bentor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Mahmud Kamal Raihan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Colin McNeely
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Zhijian Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.,College of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Song
- College of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Xiangchun Xuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
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9
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Lv Z, Zhang L, Wu H, Wang Y, Li J. Induced charge electroosmosis characteristics of viscoelastic fluid around a metal cylinder. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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10
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Xuan X. Review of nonlinear electrokinetic flows in insulator-based dielectrophoresis: From induced charge to Joule heating effects. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:167-189. [PMID: 33991344 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) has been increasingly used for particle manipulation in various microfluidic applications. It exploits insulating structures to constrict and/or curve electric field lines to generate field gradients for particle dielectrophoresis. However, the presence of these insulators, especially those with sharp edges, causes two nonlinear electrokinetic flows, which, if sufficiently strong, may disturb the otherwise linear electrokinetic motion of particles and affect the iDEP performance. One is induced charge electroosmotic (ICEO) flow because of the polarization of the insulators, and the other is electrothermal flow because of the amplified Joule heating in the fluid around the insulators. Both flows vary nonlinearly with the applied electric field (either DC or AC) and exhibit in the form of fluid vortices, which have been utilized to promote some applications while being suppressed in others. The effectiveness of iDEP benefits from a comprehensive understanding of the nonlinear electrokinetic flows, which is complicated by the involvement of the entire iDEP device into electric polarization and thermal diffusion. This article is aimed to review the works on both the fundamentals and applications of ICEO and electrothermal flows in iDEP microdevices. A personal perspective of some future research directions in the field is also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchun Xuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
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11
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Bentor J, Malekanfard A, Raihan MK, Wu S, Pan X, Song Y, Xuan X. Insulator-based dielectrophoretic focusing and trapping of particles in non-Newtonian fluids. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:2154-2161. [PMID: 33938011 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Insulator-based dielectrophoretic (iDEP) microdevices have been limited to work with Newtonian fluids. We report an experimental study of the fluid rheological effects on iDEP focusing and trapping of polystyrene particles in polyethylene oxide, xanthan gum, and polyacrylamide solutions through a constricted microchannel. Particle focusing and trapping in the mildly viscoelastic polyethylene oxide solution are slightly weaker than in the Newtonian buffer. They are, however, significantly improved in the strongly viscoelastic and shear thinning polyacrylamide solution. These observed particle focusing behaviors exhibit a similar trend with respect to electric field, consistent with a revised theoretical analysis for iDEP focusing in non-Newtonian fluids. No apparent focusing of particles is achieved in the xanthan gum solution, though the iDEP trapping can take place under a much larger electric field than the other fluids. This is attributed to the strong shear thinning-induced influences on both the electroosmotic flow and electrokinetic/dielectrophoretic motions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Bentor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | | | | | - Sen Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.,College of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Xinxiang Pan
- College of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, P. R. China.,College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Song
- College of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Xiangchun Xuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
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12
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Electroosmotic Mixing of Non-Newtonian Fluid in a Microchannel with Obstacles and Zeta Potential Heterogeneity. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12040431. [PMID: 33919798 PMCID: PMC8070777 DOI: 10.3390/mi12040431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This paper investigates the electroosmotic micromixing of non-Newtonian fluid in a microchannel with wall-mounted obstacles and surface potential heterogeneity on the obstacle surface. In the numerical simulation, the full model consisting of the Navier–Stokes equations and the Poisson–Nernst–Plank equations are solved for the electroosmotic fluid field, ion transport, and electric field, and the power law model is used to characterize the rheological behavior of the aqueous solution. The mixing performance is investigated under different parameters, such as electric double layer thickness, flow behavior index, obstacle surface zeta potential, obstacle dimension. Due to the zeta potential heterogeneity at the obstacle surface, vortical flow is formed near the obstacle surface, which can significantly improve the mixing efficiency. The results show that, the mixing efficiency can be improved by increasing the obstacle surface zeta potential, the flow behavior index, the obstacle height, the EDL thickness.
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13
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Ji J, Qian S, Liu Z. Electroosmotic Flow of Viscoelastic Fluid through a Constriction Microchannel. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12040417. [PMID: 33918910 PMCID: PMC8069235 DOI: 10.3390/mi12040417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Electroosmotic flow (EOF) has been widely used in various biochemical microfluidic applications, many of which use viscoelastic non-Newtonian fluid. This study numerically investigates the EOF of viscoelastic fluid through a 10:1 constriction microfluidic channel connecting two reservoirs on either side. The flow is modelled by the Oldroyd-B (OB) model coupled with the Poisson-Boltzmann model. EOF of polyacrylamide (PAA) solution is studied as a function of the PAA concentration and the applied electric field. In contrast to steady EOF of Newtonian fluid, the EOF of PAA solution becomes unstable when the applied electric field (PAA concentration) exceeds a critical value for a fixed PAA concentration (electric field), and vortices form at the upstream of the constriction. EOF velocity of viscoelastic fluid becomes spatially and temporally dependent, and the velocity at the exit of the constriction microchannel is much higher than that at its entrance, which is in qualitative agreement with experimental observation from the literature. Under the same apparent viscosity, the time-averaged velocity of the viscoelastic fluid is lower than that of the Newtonian fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Ji
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA;
| | - Shizhi Qian
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-757-683-3304
| | - Zhaohui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;
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Wang X, Qiao Y, Qi H, Xu H. Effect of magnetic field on electroosmotic flow of viscoelastic fluids in a microchannel. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:2347-2355. [PMID: 33811361 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Electroosmotic flow is an efficient transportation technology driven by applying an external electric field across the microchannel, which has a great potential for future application. This work is presented to study the unsteady electroosmotic flow of viscoelastic fluids combined with a constant pressure gradient and a vertical magnetic field through a parallel plate microchannel. For the reason that the upper and bottom walls of the parallel plate microchannel in microfluidic devices can be made of different materials, this leads to different hydrophobic properties, asymmetric zeta wall potentials, and different slip boundary conditions. The Navier slip model with different slip coefficients at walls is considered. The generalized Maxwell fluid with fractional derivative is adopted for the constitutive equation of the fluid. The analytical and numerical solutions of velocity are derived by employing the integral transform method and finite difference method, respectively. Excellent agreement is found between the numerical solutions and analytical solutions. Finally, the effects of fractional parameter α , relaxation time λ , slip coefficients a and b , the ratio of wall zeta potentials R ξ , Hartmann number H a , and electrical field strength parameter S on velocity profiles are interpreted graphically in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Qiao
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Qi
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Huanying Xu
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, P. R. China
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15
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Casas L, Ortega JA, Gómez A, Escandón J, Vargas RO. Analytical Solution of Mixed Electroosmotic/ Pressure Driven Flow of Viscoelastic Fluids between a Parallel Flat Plates Micro-Channel: The Maxwell Model Using the Oldroyd and Jaumann Time Derivatives. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11110986. [PMID: 33142886 PMCID: PMC7692626 DOI: 10.3390/mi11110986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, an analytical approximate solution of mixed electroosmotic/pressure driven flow of viscoelastic fluids between a parallel plates microchannel is reported. Inserting the Oldroyd, Jaumann, or both time derivatives into the Maxwell model, important differences in the velocity profiles were found. The presence of the shear and normal stresses is only close to the wall. This model can be used as a tool to understand the flow behavior of low viscosity fluids, as most of them experiment on translation, deformation and rotation of the flow. For practical applications, the volumetric flow rate can be controlled with two parameters, namely the gradient pressure and the electrokinetic parameter, once the fluid has been rheologically characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Casas
- SEPI-ESIME Zacatenco, Departamento de Diseño, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Luis Enrique Erro S/N, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México, 07738, Mexico; (L.C.); (J.A.O.)
| | - José A. Ortega
- SEPI-ESIME Zacatenco, Departamento de Diseño, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Luis Enrique Erro S/N, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México, 07738, Mexico; (L.C.); (J.A.O.)
| | - Aldo Gómez
- Departamento de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, FES Cuautitlán, Sección Mecánica, Av. Teoloyucan Km 2.5, Col. San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Estado de México, Mexico;
| | - Juan Escandón
- Departamento de Termofluidos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, SEPI-ESIME Azcapotzalco, Av. de las Granjas No. 682, Col. Santa Catarina, Alcaldía Azcapotzalco, Ciudad de México 02250, Mexico;
| | - René O. Vargas
- Departamento de Termofluidos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, SEPI-ESIME Azcapotzalco, Av. de las Granjas No. 682, Col. Santa Catarina, Alcaldía Azcapotzalco, Ciudad de México 02250, Mexico;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5729-6000 (ext. 64511)
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16
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Waheed S, Noreen S, Tripathi D, Lu DC. Electrothermal transport of third-order fluids regulated by peristaltic pumping. J Biol Phys 2020; 46:45-65. [PMID: 32052248 PMCID: PMC7098401 DOI: 10.1007/s10867-020-09540-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of heat and electroosmotic characteristics in the flow of a third-order fluid regulated by peristaltic pumping is examined by using governing equations, i.e., the continuity equation, momentum equation, energy equation, and concentration equation. The wavelength is considered long compared to its height and a low Reynolds number is assumed. The velocity slip condition is employed. Analytical solutions are performed through the perturbation technique. The expressions for the dimensionless velocity components, temperature, concentration, and heat transfer rate are obtained. Pumping features were computed numerically for discussion of results. Trapping and heat transfer coefficient distributions were also studied graphically. The findings of the present study can be applied to design biomicrofluidic devices like tumor-on-a-chip and organ-on-a-chip.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Waheed
- Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - S Noreen
- Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan.
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - D Tripathi
- Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - D C Lu
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
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17
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Wang X, Jiang Y, Qiao Y, Xu H, Qi H. Numerical study of electroosmotic slip flow of fractional Oldroyd‐B fluids at high zeta potentials. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:769-777. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsShandong University Weihai P. R. China
| | - Yuting Jiang
- School of Basic ScienceShengli CollegeChina University of Petroleum Dongying P. R. China
| | - Yanli Qiao
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsShandong University Weihai P. R. China
| | - Huanying Xu
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsShandong University Weihai P. R. China
| | - Haitao Qi
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsShandong University Weihai P. R. China
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18
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Song L, Yu L, Li D, Jagdale PP, Xuan X. Elastic instabilities in the electroosmotic flow of non‐Newtonian fluids through T‐shaped microchannels. Electrophoresis 2019; 41:588-597. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Le Song
- School of Instrument Science and Opto‐electronic Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei P. R. China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Clemson University Clemson SC USA
| | - Liandong Yu
- School of Instrument Science and Opto‐electronic Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei P. R. China
| | - Di Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Clemson University Clemson SC USA
| | - Purva P. Jagdale
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Clemson University Clemson SC USA
| | - Xiangchun Xuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Clemson University Clemson SC USA
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