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Förster C, Andrieu-Brunsen A. Recent developments in visible light induced polymerization towards its application to nanopores. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1554-1568. [PMID: 36655782 PMCID: PMC9904278 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06595a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Visible light induced polymerizations are a strongly emerging field in recent years. Besides the often mild reaction conditions, visible light offers advantages of spatial and temporal control over chain growth, which makes visible light ideal for functionalization of surfaces and more specifically of nanoscale pores. Current challenges in nanopore functionalization include, in particular, local and highly controlled polymer functionalizations. Using spatially limited light sources such as lasers or near field modes for light-induced polymer functionalization is envisioned to allow local functionalization of nanopores and thereby improve nanoporous material performance. These light sources are usually providing visible light while classical photopolymerizations are mostly based on UV-irradiation. In this review, we highlight developments in visible light induced polymerizations and especially in visible light induced controlled polymerizations as well as their potential for nanopore functionalization. Existing examples of visible light induced polymerizations in nanopores are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Förster
- Macromolecular Chemistry – Smart Membranes, Technische Universität Darmstadt64287DarmstadtGermanyannette.andrieu-brunsen@.tu-darmstadt.de
| | - Annette Andrieu-Brunsen
- Macromolecular Chemistry – Smart Membranes, Technische Universität Darmstadt64287DarmstadtGermanyannette.andrieu-brunsen@.tu-darmstadt.de
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2
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Chen L, Wu Y, Zhang D, Cao S, Xu L, Li Y. Smart Nano‐switch with Flexible Modulation of Ion Transport Using Multiple Environmental Stimuli. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200884. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Dong Chen
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Yuan‐Yi Wu
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Shuo‐Hui Cao
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
- Department of Electronic Science Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Lin‐Tao Xu
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Yao‐Qun Li
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
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3
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An P, Yang J, Sun CL, Qin C, Li J. A Bio-inspired Smart Nanochannel based on Gelatin Modification. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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4
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Zhang X, Xie L, Zhou S, Zeng H, Zeng J, Liu T, Liang Q, Yan M, He Y, Liang K, Zhang L, Chen P, Jiang L, Kong B. Interfacial Superassembly of Mesoporous Titania Nanopillar-Arrays/Alumina Oxide Heterochannels for Light- and pH-Responsive Smart Ion Transport. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2022; 8:361-369. [PMID: 35350602 PMCID: PMC8949629 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c01402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive nanochannels have attracted extensive attention in various fields owing to their precise regulation ability of ionic transportation. However, the poor controllability and functionality as well as responding to only one type of external stimulus still impede the development of the smart nanochannels. Here, we demonstrate a novel heterogeneous membrane composed of ordered mesoporous titania nanopillar-arrays/anodic aluminum oxide (MTI/AAO) using an interfacial superassembly strategy, which can achieve intelligent light and pH multimodulation ion transport. The MTI/AAO membranes are generated through the self-assembly of templates, followed by interfacial superassembly of micelles on AAO, and then the nanostructure and phase transformation of titania. The presence of the MTI layer with anatase crystal endows the heterogeneous membrane with an excellent light-responsive current density of 219.2 μA·cm-2, which is much higher than that of a reported traditional light-responsive nanofluidic device. Furthermore, the MTI/AAO heterogeneous membranes with an asymmetric structure exhibit excellent rectification performance. Moreover, pH-regulated surface charge polarity leads to a reversal of current rectification polarity. This light and pH multiresponsive membrane realizes efficient, sensitive, and stable ion regulation, extending the traditional nanochannel from single modulation to smart multimodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative
Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Lei Xie
- Department
of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative
Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Shan Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative
Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department
of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative
Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department
of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative
Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative
Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Qirui Liang
- Department
of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative
Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Miao Yan
- Department
of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative
Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun He
- Department
of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative
Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Kang Liang
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Pu Chen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Lei Jiang
- Laboratory
of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute
of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Biao Kong
- Department
of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative
Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
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5
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Wang J, Zhou Y, Jiang L. Bio-inspired Track-Etched Polymeric Nanochannels: Steady-State Biosensors for Detection of Analytes. ACS NANO 2021; 15:18974-19013. [PMID: 34846138 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Bio-inspired polymeric nanochannel (also referred as nanopore)-based biosensors have attracted considerable attention on account of their controllable channel size and shape, multi-functional surface chemistry, unique ionic transport properties, and good robustness for applications. There are already very informative reviews on the latest developments in solid-state artificial nanochannel-based biosensors, however, which concentrated on the resistive-pulse sensing-based sensors for practical applications. The steady-state sensing-based nanochannel biosensors, in principle, have significant advantages over their counterparts in term of high sensitivity, fast response, target analytes with no size limit, and extensive suitable range. Furthermore, among the diverse materials, nanochannels based on polymeric materials perform outstandingly, due to flexible fabrication and wide application. This compressive Review summarizes the recent advances in bio-inspired polymeric nanochannels as sensing platforms for detection of important analytes in living organisms, to meet the high demand for high-performance biosensors for analysis of target analytes, and the potential for development of smart sensing devices. In the future, research efforts can be focused on transport mechanisms in the field of steady-state or resistive-pulse nanochannel-based sensors and on developing precisely size-controlled, robust, miniature and reusable, multi-functional, and high-throughput biosensors for practical applications. Future efforts should aim at a deeper understanding of the principles at the molecular level and incorporating these diverse pore architectures into homogeneous and defect-free multi-channel membrane systems. With the rapid advancement of nanoscience and biotechnology, we believe that many more achievements in nanochannel-based biosensors could be achieved in the near future, serving people in a better way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, People's Republic of China
| | - Yahong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interface Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interface Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
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6
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He Q, Tao M, Ali W, Min X, Zhao Y. Artificial chiral nanochannels. Supramol Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2021.1991924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingjie Tao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Wajahat Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Baltistan, Skardu, Pakistan
| | - Xuehong Min
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanxi Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
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Mizuno S, Asoh T, Takashima Y, Harada A, Uyama H. Molecule‐Responsive Polymer Monolith as a Smart Gate Driven by Host–Guest Interaction with Morphology Restoration. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Mizuno
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Yamadaoka 2‐1 Suita Osaka 565‐0871 Japan
| | - Taka‐Aki Asoh
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Yamadaoka 2‐1 Suita Osaka 565‐0871 Japan
| | - Yoshinori Takashima
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1‐1 Machikaneyama‐cho Toyonaka Osaka 560‐0043 Japan
- Institute for Advanced Co‐Creation Studies Osaka University 1‐1 Machikaneyamacho Toyonaka Osaka 560‐0043 Japan
| | - Akira Harada
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research Osaka University 8‐1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki Osaka 567‐0047 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Uyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Yamadaoka 2‐1 Suita Osaka 565‐0871 Japan
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Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is widely used in various fields both in daily life and industry owing to its excellent photoelectric properties and its induced superwettability. Over the past several decades, various methods have been reported to improve the wettability of TiO2 and plenty of practical applications have been developed. The TiO2-derived materials with different morphologies display a variety of functions including photocatalysis, self-cleaning, oil-water separation, etc. Herein, various functions and applications of TiO2 with superwettability are summarized and described in different sections. First, a brief introduction about the discovery of photoelectrodes made of TiO2 is revealed. The ultra-fast spreading behaviors on TiO2 are shown in the part of ultra-fast spreading with superwettability. The part of controllable wettability introduces the controllable wettability of TiO2-derived materials and their related applications. Recent developments of interfacial photocatalysis and photoelectrochemical reactions with TiO2 are presented in the part of interfacial photocatalysis and photoelectrochemical reactions. The part of nanochannels for ion rectification describes ion transportation in nanochannels based on TiO2-derived materials. In the final section, a brief conclusion and a future outlook based on the superwettability of TiO2 are shown.
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Ren X, Gao J, Shi H, Zhao S, Huang L, Xu S. A flexible and portable all-fiber temperature sensor based on the upconversion luminescence of octahedral NaBi(WO 4) 2:Er 3+/Yb 3+ phosphors. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:917-925. [PMID: 33351006 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03762a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Octahedral NaBi(WO4)2:Er3+/Yb3+ phosphors were synthesized by a hydrothermal method. Intense green upconversion emissions from both 2H11/2 → 4I15/2 and 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 transitions of Er3+ ions were observed and the appropriate energy gap between them is very suitable for temperature sensing requirement based on the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technique. A flexible and portable all-fiber temperature sensing device was established and used to assess the temperature sensing characteristics of NaBi(WO4)2:Er3+Yb3+ phosphors. A maximum absolute sensitivity of 0.014 K-1 is achieved at 423 K and the temperature absolute error is -0.5 K to +0.6 K. The stepwise heating and cooling processes confirm the good stability and recyclability of the all-fiber temperature sensor, which lays the foundation for actual temperature measurement. Based on the high flexibility and accuracy of the temperature sensor, the monitoring of body temperature was realized in real time and continuously, which may provide new development prospects for effective health tracking and improvement of medical care quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Ren
- Institute of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China. and College of Materials and Chemistry, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jia Gao
- College of Materials and Chemistry, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Haonan Shi
- Institute of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China. and College of Materials and Chemistry, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Shilong Zhao
- Institute of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China. and College of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lihui Huang
- Institute of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China. and College of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Shiqing Xu
- Institute of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China. and College of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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10
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Ouyang Q, Tu L, Zhang Y, Chen H, Fan Y, Tu Y, Li Y, Sun Y. Construction of a Smart Nanofluidic Sensor through a Redox Reaction Strategy for High-Performance Carbon Monoxide Sensing. Anal Chem 2020; 92:14947-14952. [PMID: 33119273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO), an important gas signaling molecule, demonstrated various physiological and pathological functions by regulating the ion flux of biological channels. Herein, inspired by the CO-regulated K+ channel in vivo, we propose a smart CO-responsive nanosensor through the redox reaction strategy. Such nanosensor demonstrated an outstanding CO specificity and selectivity with high ion rectification (∼9) as well as excellent stability and recyclability. Therefore, these results will provide a new direction for the design of nanochannel-based sensors for future practical and biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingying Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Le Tu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radioactive and Rare Resource Utilization, Shaoguan 512026, China
| | - Huan Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Yifan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yingfeng Tu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin 150008, China
| | - Yangyan Li
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou 425199, Hunan, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
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Hao Z, Zhang Q, Xu X, Zhao Q, Wu C, Liu J, Wang H. Nanochannels regulating ionic transport for boosting electrochemical energy storage and conversion: a review. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:15923-15943. [PMID: 32510069 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02464c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical power sources, as one of the most promising energy storage and conversion technologies, provide great opportunities for developing high energy density electrochemical devices and portable electronics. However, uncontrolled ionic transport in electrochemical energy conversion, typically undesired anion transfer, usually causes some issues degrading the performance of energy storage devices. Nanochannels offer an effective strategy to solve the ionic transport problems for boosting electrochemical energy storage and conversion. In this review, the advantages of nanochannels for electrochemical energy storage and conversion and the construction principle of nanochannels are introduced, including ion selectivity and ultrafast ion transmission of nanochannels, which are considered as two critical factors to achieve highly efficient energy conversion. Recent advances in applications of nanochannels in lithium secondary batteries (LSBs), electrokinetic energy conversion systems and concentration cells are summarized in detail. Nanochannels exist in the above systems in two typical forms: functional separator and electrode protective layer. Current research on nanochannel-based LSBs is still at the early stage, and deeper and broader applications are expected in the future. Finally, the remaining challenges of nanochannel fabrication, performance improvement, and intelligent construction are presented. It is envisioned that this paper will provide new insights for developing high-performance and versatile energy storage electronics based on nanochannels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Hao
- Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China.
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12
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Recent trends in nanopore polymer functionalization. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 63:200-209. [PMID: 32387643 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Functional nanopores play an essential role in many biotechnological applications such as sensing, or drug delivery. Prominent examples are polymer functionalized ceramic or solid state nanopores. Intensive research efforts led to a discovery of a plethora of polymer functionalized nanopores demonstrating gated molecular transport upon basically all common stimuli. Nevertheless, nature's biological pore transport precision is unreached. This can be, among others, ascribed to limits in design precision especially with respect to functionalization. Recent trends in polymer functionalized nanopores address the role of confinement and polymerization control, strategies toward more sustainable reaction conditions, such as visible light initiation and strategies toward nanoscale local placement of polymer functionalization. The resulting multi-stimuli responsive nanopore performance enables concerted release or transport, side selective separation and selective detection.
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Herzog N, Hübner H, Rüttiger C, Gallei M, Andrieu-Brunsen A. Functional Metalloblock Copolymers for the Preparation and In Situ Functionalization of Porous Silica Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:4015-4024. [PMID: 32267702 PMCID: PMC7360126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive mesoporous silica films were prepared by evaporation-induced self-assembly through the physical entrapment of a functional metalloblock copolymer structuring agent, which simultaneously served to functionalize the mesopore. After end-functionalization with a silane group, the applied functional metalloblock copolymers were covalently integrated into the silica mesopore wall. In addition, they were partly degraded after the formation of the mesoporous film, which enabled the precise design of accessible mesopores. These polymer-silica hybrid materials exhibited remarkable and gating ionic permselectivity and offer the potential for highly precise pore filling design and combination with high-throughput printing techniques. This in situ functionalization strategy of mesoporous silica using responsive metalloblock copolymers has the potential to improve how we approach the design of complex architectures at the nanoscale for tailored transport. This functionalization strategy paves the way for a variety of technologies based on molecular transport in nanoscale pores, including separation, sensing, catalysis, and energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Herzog
- Ernst-Berl
Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Hanna Hübner
- Chair
in Polymer Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus Saarbrücken C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christian Rüttiger
- Ernst-Berl
Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Markus Gallei
- Chair
in Polymer Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus Saarbrücken C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Annette Andrieu-Brunsen
- Ernst-Berl
Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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