Advanced cathode materials in dual‐ion batteries: Progress and prospect

Organic Electrode Materials for Dual-Ion Batteries

Organic materials are widely used in various energy storage devices due to their renewable, environmental friendliness and adjustable structure. Dual-ion batteries (DIBs), which use organic materials as the electrodes, are an attractive alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries for sustainable energy storage devices owing to the advantages of low cost, environmental friendliness, and high operating voltage. To date, various organic electrode materials have been applied in DIBs. In this review, we present the development of DIBs with a following brief introduction of characteristics and mechanisms of organic materials. The latest progress in the application of organic materials as anode and cathode materials for DIBs is mainly reviewed. Finally, we also discussed the challenges and prospects of organic electrode materials for DIBs.

Methodological Studies of the Mechanism of Anion Insertion in Nanometer-Sized Carbon Micropores

Dual-ion hybrid capacitors (DIHCs) are a promising class of electrochemical energy storage devices intermediate between batteries and supercapacitors, exhibiting both high energy and power density, and generalizable across wide chemistries beyond lithium. In this study, a model carbon framework material with a periodic structure containing exclusively 1.2 nm width pores, zeolite-templated carbon (ZTC), was investigated as the positive electrode for the storage of a range of anions relevant to DIHC chemistries. Screening experiments were carried out across 21 electrolyte compositions within a common stable potential window of 3.0-4.0 V vs. Li/Li⁺ to determine trends in capacity as a function of anion and solvent properties. To achieve fast rate capability, a binary solvent balancing a high dielectric constant with a low viscosity and small molecular size was used; optimized full-cells based on LiPF₆ in binary electrolyte exhibited 146 Wh kg^-1 and >4000 W kg^-1 energy and power densities, respectively.

High-Performance Dual-Ion Battery Based on a Layered Tin Disulfide Anode

Energy issues have attracted great concern worldwide. Developing new energy has been the main choice, and the exploitation of the electrochemical energy storage devices plays an important role. Herein, a high-performance dual-ion battery system is proposed, which consists of a graphite cathode and SnS₂ anode, with a high-concentration lithium salt electrolyte (4 M LiTFSI). The benefits from the typical sandwich-like layer structure of SnS₂ are as follows: the highest discharge specific capacity of the battery could reach 130.0 mA h g^-1 at a current density of 100 mA g^-1, and even under an ultra-high current density of 2000 mA g^-1, the highest capacity of 66.3 mA h g^-1 is still achieved, with an outstanding capacity retention over 100% after 1000 cycles. Inspiringly, this system delivers an excellent low self-discharge of 1.19%/h, surpassing most of the reported dual-ion batteries. In addition, the working mechanism and structural stability are also investigated by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra, indicating a good reversibility. These results reveal that this graphite/SnS₂ dual-ion battery system could provide a promising alternative for a future high-performance energy storage device.