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Baba Y, Cimen A, Birinci Yildirim A, Ucar Turker A. How does water stress affect the bioaccumulation of galanthamine and lycorine, growth performance, phenolic content and defense enzyme activities in summer snowflake ( Leucojum aestivum L.)? PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:775-790. [PMID: 38846456 PMCID: PMC11150218 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01451-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Leucojum aestivum L. is an Amaryllidaceae bulbous plant with two alkaloids that have remarkable medicinal potential: galanthamine and lycorine. Although the presence of galanthamine in L. aestivum has commercial value for the pharmaceutical industry and the effect of water stress (WS) applications on secondary metabolite enhancement is well established in a variety of plants, no studies have been carried out to reveal the effectiveness of WS on this beneficial medicinal plant. Objective of the study was to investigate the effects of eight different WS treatments [Control, waterlogging (WL) condition, and drought stress conditions (water deficiency generated by water deficit irrigation-WDI 25%, 50%, and 75%- and polyethylene glycol-PEG 6000 15%, 30%, and 45%-)] on growth parameters, alkaloid levels (galanthamine and lycorine), non-enzymatic antioxidant activities (total phenol-flavonoid content and free radical scavenging activity), and enzymatic antioxidant activities [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)] of L. aestivum in a pot experiment. Based on the findings, maximum increases in growth parameters were obtained with PEG-induced WS treatments. Moderate water deficiency (50% WDI) produced the highest levels of galanthamine and lycorine, total phenol-flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity, along with moderately elevated CAT activity in the bulbs. All WS treatments resulted in increased CAT activity in the bulbs. It was observed that bulbs had higher SOD and CAT activities under WL conditions had lower fresh weights and were close to control in terms of alkaloid levels, total phenol-flavonoid content, and free radical scavenging activity. When all of the outcomes were taken into account, it can be concluded that moderate water-deficit stress (50% WDI) was regarded as the most effective treatment for increasing the pharmaceutical value of L. aestivum. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavuz Baba
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14030 Bolu, Türkiye
| | - Ayca Cimen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14030 Bolu, Türkiye
| | - Arzu Birinci Yildirim
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14030 Bolu, Türkiye
| | - Arzu Ucar Turker
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14030 Bolu, Türkiye
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Majhi BB, Gélinas SE, Mérindol N, Ricard S, Desgagné-Penix I. Characterization of norbelladine synthase and noroxomaritidine/norcraugsodine reductase reveals a novel catalytic route for the biosynthesis of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids including the Alzheimer's drug galanthamine. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1231809. [PMID: 37711303 PMCID: PMC10499049 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1231809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AAs) are a large group of plant specialized metabolites with diverse pharmacological properties. Norbelladine is the entry compound in AAs biosynthesis and is produced from the condensation of tyramine and 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (3,4-DHBA). There are two reported enzymes capable of catalyzing this reaction in-vitro, both with low yield. The first one, norbelladine synthase (NBS), was shown to condense tyramine and 3,4-DHBA, while noroxomaritidine/norcraugsodine reductase (NR), catalyzes a reduction reaction to produce norbelladine. To clarify the mechanisms involved in this controversial step, both NBS and NR homologs were identified from the transcriptome of Narcissus papyraceus and Leucojum aestivum, cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Enzymatic assays performed with tyramine and 3,4-DHBA with each enzyme separately or combined, suggested that NBS and NR function together for the condensation of tyramine and 3,4-DHBA into norcraugsodine and further reduction into norbelladine. Using molecular homology modeling and docking studies, we predicted models for the binding of tyramine and 3,4-DHBA to NBS, and of the intermediate norcraugsodine to NR. Moreover, we show that NBS and NR physically interact in yeast and in-planta, that both localize to the cytoplasm and nucleus and are expressed at high levels in bulbs, confirming their colocalization and co-expression thus their ability to work together in the same catalytic route. Finally, their co-expression in yeast led to the production of norbelladine. In all, our study establishes that both NBS and NR participate in the biosynthesis of norbelladine by catalyzing the first key steps associated in the biosynthesis of the Alzheimer's drug galanthamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Bhusan Majhi
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sarah-Eve Gélinas
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Natacha Mérindol
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Simon Ricard
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Isabel Desgagné-Penix
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, QC, Canada
- Plant Biology Research Group, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, QC, Canada
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Wang J, Yang K, Yao L, Ma Z, Li C, Si E, Li B, Meng Y, Ma X, Shang X, Wang H. Metabolomics Analyses Provide Insights Into Nutritional Value and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Halophyte Halogeton glomeratus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:703255. [PMID: 34290730 PMCID: PMC8287573 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.703255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Halogeton glomeratus is a succulent annual herbaceous halophyte belonging to the Chenopodiaceae family, has attracted wide attention as a promising candidate for phytoremediation and as an oilseed crop and noodle-improver. More importantly, H. glomeratus has important medicinal value in traditional Chinese medicine. However, there are few comprehensive studies on the nutrients, particularly secondary metabolites. Here, we adopted untargeted metabolomics to compare the differences in metabolites of different tissues (root, stem, leaf, and seed) and identify the compounds related to pharmacological effects and response to abiotic stress in H. glomeratus. A total of 2,152 metabolites were identified, and the metabolic profiles of root, stem, leaf, and seed samples were clearly separated. More than 50% of the metabolites showed significant differences among root, stem, leaf, and seed. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of differential metabolites suggested an extensive alteration in the metabolome among the different organs. Furthermore, the identified metabolites related to pharmacological effects and response to abiotic stress included flavones, flavonols, flavandiols, glucosinolates, isoquinolines, pyridines, indoles, amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, and ATP-binding cassette transporters. These metabolites have application in treating human cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes, and heart disease, induce sleeping and have nutritive value. In plants, they are related to osmotic adjustment, alleviating cell damage, adjusting membrane lipid action and avoiding toxins. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first metabolomics-based report to overview the metabolite compounds in H. glomeratus and provide a reference for future development and utilization of H. glomeratus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Wang
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lirong Yao
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zengke Ma
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Barley Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Erjing Si
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Baochun Li
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Botany, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yaxiong Meng
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaole Ma
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xunwu Shang
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huajun Wang
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Li Q, Xu J, Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Cai Y. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveals That Exogenous Methyl Jasmonate Regulates Galanthamine Biosynthesis in Lycoris longituba Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:713795. [PMID: 34659286 PMCID: PMC8514708 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.713795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The Amaryllidaceae alkaloid galanthamine (Gal) in Lycoris longituba is a secondary metabolite that has been used to treat Alzheimer's disease. Plant secondary metabolism is affected by methyl jasmonate (MeJA) exposure, although the regulatory mechanisms of MeJA on L. longituba seedlings remains largely unknown. In the present study, 75, 150, and 300 μM MeJA were used as treatments on L. longituba seedlings for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days, while 0 μM MeJA was used as the control (MJ-0). The effect of exogenous MeJA on Gal synthesis in L. longituba was then investigated using transcriptomic sequencing and metabolite profiling via GC-MS and LC-MS analysis. Galanthamine (Gal), lycorine (Lyc), and lycoramine (Lycm) abundances were 2. 71-, 2. 01-, and 2.85-fold higher in 75 μM MeJA (MJ-75) treatment plants compared to MJ-0 treatment plants after 7 days of cultivation. Transcriptomic analysis further showed that MJ-75 treatment significantly induced the expression of norbelladine synthase (NBS) and norbelladine 4'-O-methyltransferase (OMT), which are involved in the Gal biosynthesis pathway. In addition, increased expression was observed in MJ-75 treatment plants for genes in the JA synthesis and JA signaling pathways including those of allene oxide cyclase (AOC), 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase (OPR), jasmonic acid amino acid synthase (JAR), and transcription factor MYC. The L. longituba tyrosine decarboxylase (LlTYDC) enzyme was identified and proposed to be involved in the Gal biosynthetic pathway. Metabolomics results demonstrated that the accumulation of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, and especially alkaloids in the Gal biosynthesis pathway, could be induced by MJ-75 treatment. Interestingly, metabolites in the JA synthesis pathway were also affected by MeJA treatment. Overall, this multi-omics study suggests that both the JA synthesis/JA signaling and Gal biosynthesis pathways were affected by exogenous MeJA treatment. This comprehensive study of gene expression and metabolite contents can help us better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying MeJA-mediated Gal biosynthesis in L. longituba.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhu Li
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Co-Elite Agricultural Sci-Tech (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Junxu Xu
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhong Zheng
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Botanical Garden, Memorial Sun Yat-sen, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongchun Zhang
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yongchun Zhang,
| | - Youming Cai
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Youming Cai,
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Ka S, Koirala M, Mérindol N, Desgagné-Penix I. Biosynthesis and Biological Activities of Newly Discovered Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids. Molecules 2020; 25:E4901. [PMID: 33113950 PMCID: PMC7660210 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids are an important group of specialized nitrogen metabolites with a wide range of biochemical and pharmacological effects. Since the first publication on lycorine in 1877, more than 650 alkaloids have been extracted from Amaryllidaceae bulbous plants and clustered together as the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AAs) family. AAs are specifically remarkable for their diverse pharmaceutical properties, as exemplified by the success of galantamine used to treat the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. This review addresses the isolation, biological, and structure activity of AAs discovered from January 2015 to August 2020, supporting their therapeutic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seydou Ka
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada; (S.K.); (M.K.); (N.M.)
| | - Manoj Koirala
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada; (S.K.); (M.K.); (N.M.)
| | - Natacha Mérindol
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada; (S.K.); (M.K.); (N.M.)
| | - Isabel Desgagné-Penix
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada; (S.K.); (M.K.); (N.M.)
- Groupe de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada
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Developmental Regulation of the Expression of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloid Biosynthetic Genes in Narcissus papyraceus. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10080594. [PMID: 31394782 PMCID: PMC6723416 DOI: 10.3390/genes10080594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AAs) have multiple biological effects, which are of interest to the pharmaceutical industry. To unleash the potential of Amaryllidaceae plants as pharmaceutical crops and as sources of AAs, a thorough understanding of the AA biosynthetic pathway is needed. However, only few enzymes in the pathway are known. Here, we report the transcriptome of AA-producing paperwhites (Narcissus papyraceus Ker Gawl). We present a list of 21 genes putatively encoding enzymes involved in AA biosynthesis. Next, a cDNA library was created from 24 different samples of different parts at various developmental stages of N. papyraceus. The expression of AA biosynthetic genes was analyzed in each sample using RT-qPCR. In addition, the alkaloid content of each sample was analyzed by HPLC. Leaves and flowers were found to have the highest abundance of heterocyclic compounds, whereas the bulb, the lowest. Lycorine was also the predominant AA. The gene expression results were compared with the heterocyclic compound profiles for each sample. In some samples, a positive correlation was observed between the gene expression levels and the amount of compounds accumulated. However, due to a probable transport of enzymes and alkaloids in the plant, a negative correlation was also observed, particularly at stage 2.
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Singh A, Massicotte MA, Garand A, Tousignant L, Ouellette V, Bérubé G, Desgagné-Penix I. Cloning and characterization of norbelladine synthase catalyzing the first committed reaction in Amaryllidaceae alkaloid biosynthesis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:338. [PMID: 30526483 PMCID: PMC6286614 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1570-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AAs) are a large group of plant-specialized metabolites displaying an array of biological and pharmacological properties. Previous investigations on AA biosynthesis have revealed that all AAs share a common precursor, norbelladine, presumably synthesized by an enzyme catalyzing a Mannich reaction involving the condensation of tyramine and 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde. Similar reactions have been reported. Specifically, norcoclaurine synthase (NCS) which catalyzes the condensation of dopamine and 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde as the first step in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis. RESULTS With the availability of wild daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus) database, a transcriptome-mining search was performed for NCS orthologs. A candidate gene sequence was identified and named norbelladine synthase (NBS). NpNBS encodes for a small protein of 19 kDa with an anticipated pI of 5.5. Phylogenetic analysis showed that NpNBS belongs to a unique clade of PR10/Bet v1 proteins and shared 41% amino acid identity to opium poppy NCS1. Expression of NpNBS cDNA in Escherichia coli produced a recombinant enzyme able to condense tyramine and 3,4-DHBA into norbelladine as determined by high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. CONCLUSIONS Here, we describe a novel enzyme catalyzing the first committed step of AA biosynthesis, which will facilitate the establishment of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology platforms for the production of AAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7 Canada
| | - Marie-Ange Massicotte
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7 Canada
| | - Ariane Garand
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7 Canada
| | - Laurence Tousignant
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7 Canada
| | - Vincent Ouellette
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7 Canada
| | - Gervais Bérubé
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7 Canada
| | - Isabel Desgagné-Penix
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7 Canada
- Plant Biology Research Group, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7 Canada
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Sun B, Wang P, Wang R, Li Y, Xu S. Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a meta/ para- O-Methyltransferase from Lycoris aurea. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071911. [PMID: 29966257 PMCID: PMC6073595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
O-methyltransferases (OMTs) have been demonstrated to play key roles in the biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, isoprenoids, and phenolic compounds. Here, we isolated and characterized an OMT gene from Lycoris aurea (namely LaOMT1), based on our previous transcriptome sequencing data. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis showed that LaOMT1 belongs to the class I OMT, and shares high identity to other known plant OMTs. Also, LaOMT1 is highly identical in its amino acid sequence to NpN4OMT, a norbelladine 4′-OMT from Narcissus sp. aff. pseudonarcissus involved in the biosynthesis of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. Biochemical analysis indicated that the recombinant LaOMT1 displayed both para and metaO-methylation activities with caffeic acid and 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, and showed a strong preference for the meta position. Besides, LaOMT1 also catalyzes the O-methylation of norbelladine to form 4′-O-methylnorbelladine, which has been demonstrated to be a universal precursor of all the primary Amaryllidaceae alkaloid skeletons. The results from quantitative real-time PCR assay indicated that LaOMT1 was ubiquitously expressed in different tissues of L. aurea, and its highest expression level was observed in the ovary. Meanwhile, the largest concentration of lycorine and galanthamine were found in the ovary, whereas the highest level of narciclasine was observed in the bulb. In addition, sodium chloride (NaCl), cold, polyethylene glycol (PEG), sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatments could significantly increase LaOMT1 transcripts, while abscisic acid (ABA) treatment dramatically decreased the expression level of LaOMT1. Subcellular localization showed that LaOMT1 is mainly localized in cytoplasm and endosome. Our results in this study indicate that LaOMT1 may play a multifunctional role, and lay the foundation for Amaryllidaceae alkaloid biosynthesis in L. aurea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Sun
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Peng Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Ren Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Gerplasm, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Yikui Li
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Gerplasm, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Sheng Xu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Gerplasm, Nanjing 210014, China.
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Ali M, Abbasi BH, Ahmad N, Khan H, Ali GS. Strategies to enhance biologically active-secondary metabolites in cell cultures of Artemisia - current trends. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2017; 37:833-851. [PMID: 28049347 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2016.1261082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The genus Artemisia has been utilized worldwide due to its immense potential for protection against various diseases, especially malaria. Artemisia absinthium, previously renowned for its utilization in the popular beverage absinthe, is gaining resurgence due to its extensive pharmacological activities. Like A. annua, this species exhibits strong biological activities like antimalarial, anticancer and antioxidant. Although artemisinin was found to be the major metabolite for its antimalarial effects, several flavonoids and terpenoids are considered to possess biological activities when used alone and also to synergistically boost the bioavailability of artemisinin. However, due to the limited quantities of these metabolites in wild plants, in vitro cultures were established and strategies have been adopted to enhance medicinally important secondary metabolites in these cultures. This review elaborates on the traditional medicinal uses of Artemisia species and explains current trends to establish cell cultures of A. annua and A. absinthium for enhanced production of medicinally important secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali
- a Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology , Department of Biotechnology, University of Swat , Pakistan.,b Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences , Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- b Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences , Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Nisar Ahmad
- a Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology , Department of Biotechnology, University of Swat , Pakistan
| | - Haji Khan
- a Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology , Department of Biotechnology, University of Swat , Pakistan
| | - Gul Shad Ali
- c Mid-Florida Research and Education Center and Department of Plant Pathology , University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences , Apopka , FL , USA
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Nugent J, Banwell MG. An Eleven‐Step Synthesis of Galanthamine from Commercially Available Materials. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Nugent
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies The Australian National University ACT 2601 Canberra Australia
| | - Martin G. Banwell
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies The Australian National University ACT 2601 Canberra Australia
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Saliba S, Ptak A, Boisbrun M, Spina R, Dupire F, Laurain-Mattar D. Stimulating effect of both 4’-O-methylnorbelladine feeding and temporary immersion conditions on galanthamine and lycorine production byLeucojum aestivumL. bulblets. Eng Life Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201600045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Saliba
- SRSMC UMR 7565; Université de Lorraine-CNRS; Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France
- SRSMC UMR 7565; CNRS; Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France
| | - Agata Ptak
- Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Science; University of Agriculture in Krakow; Krakow Poland
| | - Michel Boisbrun
- SRSMC UMR 7565; Université de Lorraine-CNRS; Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France
- SRSMC UMR 7565; CNRS; Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France
| | - Rosella Spina
- SRSMC UMR 7565; Université de Lorraine-CNRS; Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France
- SRSMC UMR 7565; CNRS; Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France
| | - François Dupire
- Service Commun de Spectrométrie de Masse; Université de Lorraine; Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France
| | - Dominique Laurain-Mattar
- SRSMC UMR 7565; Université de Lorraine-CNRS; Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France
- SRSMC UMR 7565; CNRS; Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France
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Diamond A, Desgagné-Penix I. Metabolic engineering for the production of plant isoquinoline alkaloids. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 14:1319-1328. [PMID: 26503307 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Several plant isoquinoline alkaloids (PIAs) possess powerful pharmaceutical and biotechnological properties. Thus, PIA metabolism and its fascinating molecules, including morphine, colchicine and galanthamine, have attracted the attention of both the industry and researchers involved in plant science, biochemistry, chemical bioengineering and medicine. Currently, access and availability of high-value PIAs [commercialized (e.g. galanthamine) or not (e.g. narciclasine)] is limited by low concentration in nature, lack of cultivation or geographic access, seasonal production and risk of overharvesting wild plant species. Nevertheless, most commercial PIAs are still extracted from plant sources. Efforts to improve the production of PIA have largely been impaired by the lack of knowledge on PIA metabolism. With the development and integration of next-generation sequencing technologies, high-throughput proteomics and metabolomics analyses and bioinformatics, systems biology was used to unravel metabolic pathways allowing the use of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology approaches to increase production of valuable PIAs. Metabolic engineering provides opportunity to overcome issues related to restricted availability, diversification and productivity of plant alkaloids. Engineered plant, plant cells and microbial cell cultures can act as biofactories by offering their metabolic machinery for the purpose of optimizing the conditions and increasing the productivity of a specific alkaloid. In this article, is presented an update on the production of PIA in engineered plant, plant cell cultures and heterologous micro-organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Diamond
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Isabel Desgagné-Penix
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Groupe de recherche en biologie végétale, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
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Abstract
The latest progress on the isolation, identification, biological activity and synthetic studies of the structurally diverse alkaloids from plants of family Amaryllidaceae has been summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
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