1
|
Yashavarddhan MH, Sharma AK, Chaudhary P, Bajaj S, Singh S, Shukla SK. Development of hematopoietic syndrome mice model for localized radiation exposure. Sci Rep 2021; 11:89. [PMID: 33420217 PMCID: PMC7794306 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80075-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Current models to study the hematopoietic syndrome largely rely on the uniform whole-body exposures. However, in the radio-nuclear accidents or terrorist events, exposure can be non-uniform. The data available on the non-uniform exposures is limited. Thus, we have developed a mice model for studying the hematopoietic syndrome in the non-uniform or partial body exposure scenarios using the localized cobalt60 gamma radiation exposure. Femur region of Strain 'A' male mice was exposed to doses ranging from 7 to 20 Gy. The 30 day survival assay showed 19 Gy as LD100 and 17 Gy as LD50. We measured an array of cytokines and important stem cell markers such as IFN-γ, IL-3, IL-6, GM-CSF, TNF-α, G-CSF, IL-1α, IL-1β, CD 34 and Sca 1. We found significant changes in IL-6, GM-CSF, TNF-α, G-CSF, and IL-1β levels compared to untreated groups and amplified levels of CD 34 and Sca 1 positive population in the irradiated mice compared to the untreated controls. Overall, we have developed a mouse model of the hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome that might be useful for understanding of the non-uniform body exposure scenarios. This may also be helpful in the screening of drugs intended for individuals suffering from radiation induced hematopoietic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Yashavarddhan
- National Institute of Cancer Prevention & Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Sector-39, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Sharma
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organisation, Brig. S K Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Pankaj Chaudhary
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Sania Bajaj
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organisation, Brig. S K Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Sukhvir Singh
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organisation, Brig. S K Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Shukla
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organisation, Brig. S K Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shukla SK, Sharma AK, Bajaj S, Yashavarddhan MH. Radiation proteome: a clue to protection, carcinogenesis, and drug development. Drug Discov Today 2020; 26:525-531. [PMID: 33137481 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar Shukla
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India.
| | - Ajay Kumar Sharma
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Sania Bajaj
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - M H Yashavarddhan
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bajaj S, Alam SI, Ahmad B, Farooqi H, Gupta ML. Combination of podophyllotoxin and rutin modulate radiation-induced alterations of jejunal proteome in mice. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:879-893. [PMID: 32167845 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1741721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Gastrointestinal (GI) injuries post ionizing radiation (IR) becomes a crucial factor in survival. Thus, the current study was aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms behind IR produced GI proteome alterations and their amelioration by a safe radioprotective formulation candidate, G-003M (podophyllotoxin+rutin).Materials and method: C57BL/6 mice were administered with G-003M 1 h before 9 Gy whole body γ irradiation. 2DE-MS analysis was conducted to identify differential expression of jejunum proteins with fold change >1.5 (p < .05) at various time-points. Results: G-003M pre-administration decreased total number of differential proteins. It mediated protection to cytoskeleton, modulated stress, apoptosis and inflammatory proteins. Direct effect on eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4H (Eif4h), thioredoxin domain-containing protein 17 (Txndc17) and interferon-induced protein 35 (Ifi35) was observed. Bioinformatics depicted transcription factor-MYC, was also positively modulated by G-003M. Further, it also enhanced level of citrulline (ELISA analysis), and restored crypts and villi lengths (histological analysis) against severe damage caused by lethal irradiation.Conclusion: Current findings reveal that G-003M may be an efficient candidate in protecting key proteins of metabolic and biochemical pathways assisting in the rapid recovery of GI proteome. This fairly improved the chances of animal survival exposed to lethal doses of whole body radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sania Bajaj
- Division of Radioprotective Drug Development Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Syed Imteyaz Alam
- Biotechnology Division, Defence R&D Establishment (DRDE), Defence R&D Organization (DRDO), Gwalior, India
| | - Basir Ahmad
- JH-Institute of Molecular Medicine, New Delhi, India
| | - Humaira Farooqi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Manju Lata Gupta
- Division of Radioprotective Drug Development Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dutta A, Gupta ML, Verma S. Podophyllotoxin and rutin in combination prevents oxidative stress mediated cell death and advances revival of mice gastrointestine following lethal radiation injury. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:103-117. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2017.1418982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajaswrata Dutta
- Division of Radioprotective Drug Development Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS) Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Delhi, India
| | - Manju Lata Gupta
- Division of Radioprotective Drug Development Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS) Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Delhi, India
| | - Savita Verma
- Division of Radioprotective Drug Development Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS) Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Arora R. DRDO Herbal Technologies: Military and Civil Applications. NEW AGE HERBALS 2018. [PMCID: PMC7121845 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-8291-7_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The novel herbal technologies developed by India’s Defence Research and Development Organization are discussed with a view to improving the lives of soldiers and civilians. The life sciences laboratories of DRDO are engaged in R&D with the aim to develop processes, products and technologies and effective strategies to protect and enhance the operational efficiency of the Indian Armed Forces. Over the last five decades, the endeavours have resulted in creating specialized human capital through selection and training; enhancing efficiency through customized nutrition; optimizing human efficiency through traditional systems; optimizing performance through human engineering approach; protecting against health hazards like CBRN and vectors; reducing combat stress by counselling, training and resilience building; reinforcing adaptation through acclimatization processes and saving lives through life support systems. Several technologies with holistic and pragmatic applications for defence and civil sector from a herbal perspective are presented.
Collapse
|
6
|
Yashavarddhan MH, Shukla SK, Chaudhary P, Srivastava NN, Joshi J, Suar M, Gupta ML. Targeting DNA Repair through Podophyllotoxin and Rutin Formulation in Hematopoietic Radioprotection: An in Silico, in Vitro, and in Vivo Study. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:750. [PMID: 29163150 PMCID: PMC5671582 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug discovery field has tremendously progressed during last few decades, however, an effective radiation countermeasure agent for the safe administration to the victims of radiation exposure is still unavailable. This multi-model study is aimed at elucidating the mechanistic aspects of a novel podophyllotoxin and rutin combination (henceforth referred as G-003M) in the hematopoietic radioprotection and its involvement in the DNA damage and repair signaling pathways. Using in silico study, we identified the binding sites and structural components of G-003M and validated in vitro. We further studied various in vivo endpoints related to the DNA repair and cell death pathways in mice pre-administered with G-003M, irradiated and subsequently euthanized to collect blood and bone marrow cells. In silico study showed the binding of podophyllotoxin to β-tubulin and presence of a functional hydroxyl group in the rutin, suggested their involvement in G2/M arrest and the free radical scavenging respectively. This experimentation was further validated through in vitro studies. In vivo mice studies confirmed that G-003M pre-administration attenuated DNA damage and enhanced repair after whole body exposure. We further noticed a decrease in the levels of γH2AX, p53BP1, and ATM kinase and an increase in the levels of DNA pk, Ku 80, Ligase IV, Mre 11, Rad 50 and NBS 1 in the blood and bone marrow cells of the G-003M pre-administered and irradiated mice. We noticed an overall increase in the pro-survival factors in the G-003M pre-treated and irradiated groups establishing the radioprotective efficacy of this formulation. The lead obtained from this study will certainly help in developing this formulation as a safe and effective radioprotector which could be used for humans against any planned or emergency exposure of radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Yashavarddhan
- Division of Radioprotective Drug Development Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Timarpur, India.,KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sandeep K Shukla
- Division of Radioprotective Drug Development Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Timarpur, India
| | - Pankaj Chaudhary
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Nitya N Srivastava
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jayadev Joshi
- Division of Radioprotective Drug Development Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Timarpur, India
| | - Mrutyunjay Suar
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Manju L Gupta
- Division of Radioprotective Drug Development Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Timarpur, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Verma S, Kalita B, Bajaj S, Prakash H, Singh AK, Gupta ML. A Combination of Podophyllotoxin and Rutin Alleviates Radiation-Induced Pneumonitis and Fibrosis through Modulation of Lung Inflammation in Mice. Front Immunol 2017. [PMID: 28649248 PMCID: PMC5465247 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis are predominant consequences of radiation exposure, whether planned or accidental. The present study, demonstrates radioprotective potential of a formulation, prepared by combining podophyllotoxin and rutin (G-003M), in mice exposed to 11 Gy thoracic gamma radiation (TGR). Treated mice were observed for survival and other symptomatic features. Formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)/nitric oxide (NO) was measured in bronchoalveolar lavage cells. DNA damage and cell death were assessed in alveolar cells by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay. Total protein (TP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)/serum of mice to assess lung vascular permeability. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), cluster of differentiation 45, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and nitrotyrosine were also estimated in lungs/BALF of differentially treated mice. Our observations revealed 100% survival in G-003M-pretreated mice against 66.50% in 11 Gy TGR exposed. Other symptoms like reduction in graying of hair, weight loss, and breathing rate were also observed in pretreated groups. Significant decline in ROS/NO and cell death in formulation pretreated mice were also observed. Decreased level of TP, LDH, and ALP in BALF/serum samples revealed G-003M-induced inhibition in lung permeability. Level of IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 in the lungs of these mice was found corresponding to control group at 8 weeks posttreatment. On the contrary, these cytokines raised significantly in 11 Gy TGR-exposed mice. Lung pneumonitis and fibrosis were found significantly countered in these mice. The observations revealed that G-003M could regulate immune system by curtailing radiation-induced oxidative and inflammatory stress, which has helped in minimizing radiation-inflicted pneumonitis and fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Savita Verma
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), DRDO, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhargab Kalita
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), DRDO, New Delhi, India
| | - Sania Bajaj
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), DRDO, New Delhi, India
| | - Hridayesh Prakash
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Singh
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), DRDO, New Delhi, India
| | - Manju Lata Gupta
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), DRDO, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|